1、在冬天的夜晚，天氣冷得讓人不想出門。見習警員走在大街上，突然聽到遠處一女子大叫：“有人打劫?。　?。 見習警員剛一回身，就見一個黑影朝著遠處逃離，他立刻追了上去。但是這賊跑得飛快，追了八條街之后沒影了。 最后，見習警員在附近的一個商店店鋪前看到有四個人： A：正在閑暇百無聊賴地抽煙 B：正在聚精會神地看報紙 C：正在手機通話中 D：正在狼吞虎咽的吃拉面 根據(jù)調(diào)查，犯人就在這四人當中。,初中閱讀理解 推理判斷題解題技巧,授課老師：黃文婷,什么是推理判斷題？,1,推理判斷題的分類？,2,推理判斷題解題技巧,3,內(nèi)容大綱,推理判斷題的定義,透過文章表面信息推測文章隱含意思；,對作者的態(tài)度意圖及文章細節(jié)

2、的發(fā)展做出正確的推理判斷；,從作者的角度去考慮，不可脫離原文僅憑個人的主觀看法而主觀臆斷。,推 理 判 斷 題 分 類,推斷作者觀點或態(tài)度,推斷文章出處,推斷隱含意義,推斷隱含意義,Part1,什么是隱含意義,T: Do you think this class is interesting? S: I want to go home.,Q:What does the student really mean?,*根據(jù)文章事實進行邏輯推理，透過字面意義 理解作者的言外之意。,設(shè)問方式：,It can be inferred from the text that _. When the write

3、r talks about ., what the writer really means is _. The writer suggests that _. The story implies that _. We can infer/conclude from the passage that _.,如何推斷隱含意義？,尋找相關(guān)信息點,研讀其字面意義,結(jié)合語境進行推斷,理解作者的言外之意,技巧點撥,1. 判斷有據(jù)，推斷有理，忠于原文,2. 全面分析：不可斷章取義,3. 善于揣摩作者思路,排除干擾項,1. 原文信息的簡單重復,4. 符合常識，但文章中沒有信息支持,3. 與文中內(nèi)容不符或完全相

4、反的結(jié)論,2. 推理過度的片面結(jié)論,Who has more questions, a teacher or a student? About this question a great learned man told his student that nobody does but a teacher. The student got puzzled. With a smile, the teacher drew two circles（圓）. Within（在里面）the larger one is my knowledge of things, and within the small

5、er one is yours. Out of the circles is still unknown to both of us. Since mine is larger, as you can see, the line that marks out the circle is longer. That makes it clear that who has more chances（機會）to face something still unknown.,At the end of the story, the great learned man concluded （推斷）that

6、_. A. a student should learn from his teacher B. a teacher does not have so many questions as his student C. a student knows more than his teacher D. a teacher has more chances to face what he doesnt know,There have never been many adventurers. You can read stories about men called adventurers. But

7、they were really businessmen. There was something they wanted- a lady, or money, or a country, or honor. And so they got it. But a true adventurer is different. He starts without any special purpose. He is ready for anything he may meet. There have been many half-adventurers. And they were great men

8、. History is rich with their stories. But each of them had a special purpose. They were not followers of true adventurers. In the big city of New York, Romance and Adventure are always waiting. As we walk along the street, they are watching us. We look up suddenly and see a face in a window. The fac

9、e seems to interest us strangely. Or in a quiet street, we hear a cry of fear and pain coming from a house where no one lives. A car takes us to a strange door, instead of to our own. The door,opens and we are asked to enter. At every corner, eyes look toward us, or hands are raised, or fingers poin

10、t. Adventure is offered. But few of us are ready to accept. We are ready to do only the things we do every day. We wish to do only the things that everyone else does. We move on; and some day we come to the end of a long quiet life. Then we begin to think. Then, when it is too late, we are sorry tha

11、t we have never known true Romance and Adventure.,In what way does the author say a true adventure is different from a business man? A. He is ready for anything he may meet. B. He is not interested in money. C. He enjoys excitement while a business man does not. D. A true adventure is romantic, whil

12、e a businessman is dull.,推斷人物性格觀點或態(tài)度,Part2,人物的觀點和態(tài)度,objective 客觀的 neutral 中立的 subjective 主觀的 positive 積極的 negative 消極的 approval 贊成的 disapproval 不贊成的 critical 批評的 .,設(shè)問方式：,The writers attitude towards . is _. The writer thought that _. According to the author, _. .,技巧點撥,注意作者表達感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、 動詞及所舉的例子,Mrs

13、 Smith treated her little dog quite _. A. cruelly B. fairly C. kindly D.unfriendly,It was Mondy. Mrs Smiths dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house. Considering that there was no better way. Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it: “Give my dog half a pou

14、nd of meat.” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently: “Take this to the butcher (person whose job is selling meat), and hes going to give you your lunch today.” ,If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” Im sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do.” because I think music is an impor

15、tant part of our lives. Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because its so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Foxy Ladies” （酷妹） is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she

16、enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music （爵士樂）. She thinks jazz is really cool. “I like dance music and rock very much.” says my brother, “because they are amazing.” But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing （輕松的） music,” she says. Thats why she likes country music, I

17、think.,The writers mother thinks that country music is _. A. amazing B. boring C. relaxing D. disappointing,“I would almost rather see you dead.” Bobert S. Cassatt, a leading banker of Philadelphia, shouted when his twenty-year-old eldest daughter announced that she wanted to become an artist. In th

18、e 19th century, playing at drawing or painting on dishes was all right for a young lady, but serious work in art was not. And when the young ladys family racked among(擠身于) the best of Philadelphias social(社會各界的) families, such an idea could not even be considered. That was how Mary Cassatt, born 184

19、4, began her struggle as an artist. She did not tremble(顫抖) before her fathers anger, she opposed(反對) him with courage and at last made him change his mind. Mary Cassatt gave up her social position and all thoughts of a thousand and a family, which in those times was unthinkable for a young lady. In

20、 the end, after long years of hard work and perseverance(堅持), she became Americas most important woman artist and the internationally(國際上的) recognized leading woman painter of the time.,What do we know about Robert Cassatts character from the text? A. He was a cruel man. B. He was a stubborn (固執(zhí)的) m

21、an. B. He knew nothing about art. D. He knew little about his daughter.,We are already familiar with computerscomputers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the fut

22、ure? Are these children lucky or not? Many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing a button and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not know

23、ing about the real world. But people who understand more about computers say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, dont we need people who can t

24、hink clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think?,Does the writer think computer is a good thing? A. It isnt mentioned. B. No, he doesnt think so. C. He doesnt know. D. Yes, he does.,One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive car, clearly in need

25、of help. So he stopped his old truck and got out. Although he was smiling, the old lady was worried. Was he going to hurt her? He didnt look safe. The man could see that she was frightened, so in his friendliest voice he said, “Im here to help you, madam. Why dont you wait in the car where its warm?

26、 By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.” Bryan quickly fixed the car and the lady thanked him. Then she asked how much she should pay him. But Bryan wanted no money. He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble. This was normal for him. He said, “If you really want to repay me, next time you see

27、someone in need, help them and think of me.” After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small caf where she decided to stop for something to eat. As the pretty waitress took her order,the lady noticed she was nearly eight months pregnant(懷孕). Although the waitress loo

28、ked tired she was very kind. As the lady was going to pay the $ 10 bill, she remembered Bryans words. She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it: “Somebody onc

29、e helped me the way Im helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.” Under the note were nine more $ 100 bills. Was the old lady an angel? The waitress was so excited that she called her husband to tell him the news. “Bryan Bryan Anderson my dear youre not going to believe

30、 what just happened”,What can we learn about the old lady from the story? A. She was never kind to others. B. She was usually quite careless. C. She was probably very rich. D. She was not a very good driver.,Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of

31、 course, there have always been people who have looked for adventures -those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity

32、 which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot-air balloon) 200 metres above the ground with an elastic (有彈性的) rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometr

33、es an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall building and diving into the sea from the top of h

34、igh cliff(懸崖).,Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.(生存). Nowadays, according to man

35、y people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.,The writer

36、of the text has a _ attitude towards dangerous sports. A. Positive(肯定的) B. negative(否定的) C. neutral(中立的) D. nervous(緊張的),推斷文章出處,Part3,設(shè)問方式：,The passage is most likely to be taken from _. Where would this passage most probably appear _? The passage is most likely a part of , _.,技巧點撥,a. 報紙：日期、地點或通訊社名稱

37、,從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處： a. 報紙 b. 廣告 c. 產(chǎn)品說明 ,b. 廣告：物品價格，廣告詞等,c. 產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱 或操作方式，而藥品的使用說明會告知服用的時間、 次數(shù)、藥量,A subway is not just an important form of transport. It is also a window for other people to learn about local culture. Beijing, China The Beijing Subway was opened in 1969 and is the oldest subway system in China. It has added some modern technologies. All stations now have touch-scree