1、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 的用法,英語(yǔ)的五個(gè)基本結(jié)構(gòu) S 十 V 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) S 十 V 十 P 主系表結(jié)構(gòu) S 十 V 十 O 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu) S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明： S主語(yǔ)；V謂語(yǔ)；P表語(yǔ)； O賓語(yǔ)；O1間接賓語(yǔ)；O2直接賓語(yǔ)； C賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),1S 十 V 句式 He runs quickly他跑得快。 2S 十 V 十 P 句式： The story sounds interesting這個(gè)故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)有趣。 3S 十 V 十 O 句式 They built a house last year他們?nèi)ツ杲艘凰孔印?4S 十 V 十 O1

2、 十 O2 句式 He offered me his seat / his seat to me他把座位讓給我。 5S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式 They found her happy that day他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那天她很高興。 I found him out我發(fā)現(xiàn)他出去了。 They named the boy Charlie他們給這個(gè)男孩起名為查理。 I saw him come in and go out我見(jiàn)他進(jìn)來(lái)又出去。 They felt the car moving fast他們感到汽車(chē)行駛得很快。 He found the door of study closed to him

3、他發(fā)現(xiàn)研究所的大門(mén)對(duì)他關(guān)閉了。,一、可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞和詞組有：,1、名詞： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny. 注：常用名詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose, find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。 注：充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的名詞若表示正式的或獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職位時(shí)，前面一般不用冠詞，如： They elected John chairm

4、an of the committee.,2、形容詞： You should keep your room clean and tidy. Wed better leave the door open. 注：常用形容詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。,3、現(xiàn)在分詞： Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I c

5、ould feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.,一、可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞和詞組有：,5、過(guò)去分詞： He watched the TV set carried out of the room. Last year they had their house rebuilt. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.,6此外，副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)也可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如： When d

6、o you want it back? Why didnt you invite them in? We could hear the children at play outside.,4、動(dòng)詞不定式： Nobody could make him change his mind. Would you like me to come along with you? He believed the earth to be a globe.,一、可以充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞和詞組有：,二、賓語(yǔ)和其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系：,1、當(dāng)名詞、形容詞、副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，它們和賓語(yǔ)之間有著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)

7、系（或稱(chēng)表語(yǔ)關(guān)系），若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則句意不完整。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況、性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)、身份或?qū)兕?lèi)等。試比較： We made him our monitor. (He is our monitor.) You should keep your room clean and tidy. (Your room is clean and tidy.) We could hear the children at play outside. (The children are at play outside.),二、賓語(yǔ)和其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系：,3、當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語(yǔ)之間有著

8、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即：賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，如： I once heard this song sung in Japanese. (This song was once sung in Japanese.) I didnt want the children taken out in such weather. (The children were taken out in such weather.),三、在用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞中，有些只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；有些只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；還有的動(dòng)詞既能用現(xiàn)在分詞又可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：,1、只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)

9、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking.,2、只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, bring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, w

10、orry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist, report, bear, wait for / think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。,3、既能用現(xiàn)在分詞又可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen t

11、o, hear, feel, have, imagine, discover, like, want, understand, hate, get, set, leave等。,四、使用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào) to 的取舍問(wèn)題：,1、在hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe 等動(dòng)詞后的不定式需省去 to 。 2、feel 一詞，跟 to be 型不定式帶 to；跟 to do 型不定式不帶 to。 3、help 一詞后的不定式，可帶 to，也可以不帶 to。,（請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)“動(dòng)詞不定式”一節(jié)）,五、在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)

12、中，賓語(yǔ)通常為名詞或代詞，但有時(shí)也可以用不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或that從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。這時(shí)，應(yīng)使用先行it代替賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)移到句子的后部，如：,I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings. Do you consider it any good trying again? We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us. 注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常為名詞或形容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有： feel, find, think, make, take, judge,

13、 consider 等。,Practice,單句改錯(cuò),The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand. We all elected Jason the monitor. The teacher asked us not make so much noise. - What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.,understood,to,w

14、arm,5. Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth. 6. He pushed the door opening. 7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 8. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 9. When I came in, I found a bo

15、y hide behind the door. 10. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.,running,open,putting,to,hidden,with,Tell him _ the window. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _. mend B. mending C. mended D.

16、to be mended 3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going,單項(xiàng)選擇,5. I found the doo

17、r _ when I got home. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 8. With a lot of difficult

18、 problems_, the newly- elected president is having a hard time. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 9. I advised _ at once. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start,10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating 11. You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth. pull out B