1、02 園林學(xué)02.1 總論2.0001 園林學(xué)landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture2.0002 造園學(xué)garden making, landscape garden-ing2.0003 環(huán)境園藝學(xué)environmental horticulture2.0004 觀賞園藝學(xué)ornamental horticulture2.0005 園林藝術(shù)garden art2.0006 園林美學(xué)garden aesthetics2.0007 園林建筑學(xué)garden architecture2.0008 園林建筑garden building2.0009 園林

2、工程garden engineering2.0010 園林植物landscape plant2.0011 觀賞植物ornamental plant2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing2.0013 園林garden and park2.0014 園林學(xué)史history of garden architecture2.0015 園林規(guī)劃garden planning, landscaping planning2.0016 園林設(shè)計(jì)garden design2.0017 園林機(jī)具設(shè)備gardening machine2.0018 園林管理garden manag

3、ement2.0019 園林生態(tài)landscape ecology2.0020 綠化greening, planting2.0021 環(huán)境綠化environmental greening2.0022 綠地面積green area2.0023 綠地率ratio of green space2.0024 城市綠化覆蓋率urban green coverage2.0025 工廠綠化factory greening, factory garden-ing2.0026 街道綠化street greening, street planting2.0027 車行道綠化driveway greening2.0

4、028 分車帶綠化dividing stripe greening2.0029 人行道綠化sidewalk greening2.0030 群眾綠化mass planting movement2.0031 郊區(qū)綠化suburban greening2.0032 公路綠化highway greening2.0033 鐵路綠化railway greening, railway planting2.0034 堤岸種植bank planting2.0035 陽(yáng)臺(tái)綠化balcony greening2.0036 窗臺(tái)綠化window-sill greening2.0037 屋頂綠化roof greenin

5、g2.0038 垂直綠化vertical greening2.0039 攀緣綠化climber greening2.0040 橋頭綠化bridgehead greening花園garden2.0042 專類花園specified flower garden2.0043 花園村garden village2.0044 園林城市l(wèi)andscape garden city2.0045 薔薇園rose garden2.0046 松柏園conifer garden2.0047 球根園bulb garden2.0048 宿根園perennial garden2.0049 假山園rock garden, C

6、hinese rockery2.0050 狩獵場(chǎng)hunting ground2.0051 街心花園street crossing center garden2.0052 小游園petty street garden2.0053 水景園water garden2.0054 鋪地園paved garden2.0055 野趣園wild plants botanical garden2.0056 野生植物園wild plants garden2.0057 鄉(xiāng)趣園rustic garden2.0058 盆景園penjing garden, miniature land-scape2.0059 動(dòng)物園 z

7、oo, zoological garden2.0060 墓園cemetery garden2.0061 沼澤園bog and marsh garden2.0062 水生植物園aquatic plants garden2.0063 學(xué)校園school garden2.0064 室內(nèi)花園indoor garden2.0065 芳香花園fragrant garden2.0066 盲人花園garden for the blind2.0067 公園park, public park2.0068 城市公園city park, urban park2.0069 區(qū)公園regional park2.0070

8、兒童公園children park2.0071 體育公園sports park2.0072 森林公園forest park2.0073 紀(jì)念公園memorial park2.0074 烈士紀(jì)念公園martyr memorial park2.0075 綜合公園comprehensive park2.0076 文化公園cultural park2.0077 文化休憩公園cultural and recreation park2.0078 中央公園central park2.0079 天然公園natural park2.0080 海濱公園seaside park, seabeach park2.00

9、81 古跡公園historic site park2.0082 河濱公園riverside park2.0083 湖濱公園lakeside park2.0084 路邊公園roadside park, street park2.0085 娛樂(lè)公園amusement park2.0086 雕塑公園sculpture park2.0087 休憩公園recreation park2.0088 療養(yǎng)公園sanatorium park2.0089 國(guó)家公園national park2.0090 鄰里公園neighborhood park2.0091 特種公園special park2.0092 植物園bo

10、tanical garden2.0093 植物公園 abeled plants park2.0094 高山植物園 alpine garden2.0095 熱帶植物園 tropical plants garden2.0096 藥用植物園 medical plants garden, herb garden2.0097 綠地 green space2.0098 公共綠地public green space2.0099 單位綠地unit green area2.0100 城市綠地urban green space2.0101 街道廣場(chǎng)綠地street and square green area2.0

11、102 居住區(qū)綠地residential quarter green area2.0103 防護(hù)綠地green area for environmental protection2.0104 郊區(qū)綠地suburban green space2.0105 街坊綠地residential block green belt2.0106 附屬綠地attached green space2.0107 生產(chǎn)綠地productive plantation area2.0108 苗圃nursery2.0109 風(fēng)景l(fā)andscape, scenery2.0110 自然景觀natural landscape2.

12、0111 人文景觀human landscape, scenery of humanities2.0112 草原景觀prairie landscape2.0113 山岳景觀mountain landscape, alpine landscape2.0114 地理景觀geographical landscape2.0115 湖泊景觀lake view2.0116 郊區(qū)景觀suburban landscape2.0117 地質(zhì)景觀geological landscape2.0118 喀斯特景觀karst landscape2.0119 植物景觀plants landscape, flora lan

13、dscape02.2 園林史02.2.1 中國(guó)園林史2.0120 中國(guó)古典園林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)園林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中國(guó)古代園林ancient Chinese garden2.0123 中國(guó)山水園Chinese mountain and water garden2.0124 帝王宮苑imperial palace garden2.0125 皇家園林royal garden2.0126 私家園林private garden2.0127 江南園林garden on the Yangtze Delt

14、a02.2.2 西方園林史2.0128 西方古典園林western classical garden2.0129 英國(guó)式園林English style garden2.0130 中英混合式園林Anglo-Chinese style garden2.0131 意大利式園林Italian style garden2.0132 西班牙式園林Spanish style garden2.0133 法蘭西式園林French style garden2.0134 勒諾特爾式園林Le Notres style garden2.0135 文藝復(fù)興莊園Renaissance style villa2.0136 洛

15、可可式園林Rococo style garden2.0137 巴洛克式園林Baroque style garden2.0138 莊園manor, villa garden2.0139 廊柱園peristyle garden, patio2.0140 綠廊xystus2.0141 迷陣maze, labyrinth02.2.3 典型中西園林2.0142 靈囿Ling You Hunting Garden2.0143 靈沼Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144 靈臺(tái)Ling Tai Platform Garden2.0145 阿房宮E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑S

16、hang-Lin Yuan2.0147 未央宮Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛陽(yáng)宮Luoyang Palace2.0149 華清官Hua-Qing Palace2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden2.0151 圓明園Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden2.0152 頤和園Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace2.0153 承德避暑山莊Chengde Imperial Summer Resort2.0154 蘇州園林Suzhou traditional garden2.0155 懸園Han

17、ging Garden2.0156 英國(guó)皇家植物園Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden2.0157 凡爾賽宮苑Versailles Palace Park2.0158 楓丹白露宮園Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 園林藝術(shù)2.0159 景view, scenery, feature2.0160 遠(yuǎn)景distant view2.0161 近景nearby view2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing2.0

18、164 對(duì)景opposite scenery, view in opposite place2.0165 縮景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery2.0166 漏景l(fā)eaking through scenery2.0167 框景enframed scenery02.5 園林設(shè)計(jì)2.0325 園林設(shè)計(jì)師landscape architect, garden designer2.0326 園址測(cè)量圖garden site survey map2.0327 地形圖topographic map, contour map2.0328 種植設(shè)計(jì)planting d

19、esign2.0329 地形改造設(shè)計(jì)topographical reform design2.0330 種植大樣圖detail planting design2.0331 造價(jià)分析cost analysis2.0332 園林形式garden style2.0333 規(guī)整式園林formal garden style2.0334 非規(guī)整園林informal garden style2.0335 幾何式園林geometric garden style2.0336 自然式園林natural garden style2.0337 混合式園林mixed garden style2.0338 近代巴洛克式園

20、林modern Baroque style2.0339 馬克斯抽象園林R.B. Marx abstract garden2.0340 園林區(qū)劃garden area division2.0341 園林分區(qū)規(guī)劃garden block planning2.0342 庭院花園courtyard garden2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard2.0345 中庭patio2.0346 廚園kitchen yard2.0347 沉床園sunken garden2.0348 窗園window garden2.0349 墻園

21、wall garden2.0350 宅園home garden2.0351 臺(tái)地園terrace garden2.0352 冬園winter garden2.0353 切花園cut flower garden2.0354 屋頂花園roof garden2.0355 后花園back yard garden2.0356 園林地形改造topographical reform of garden2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork2.0359 太湖石Taihu Lake ston

22、e, water modelled stone2.0360 黃石yellowish brown stone2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone2.0362 孤賞石monolith, standing stone2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making2.0364 疊石stones laying2.0365 板石flag stone2.0366 散點(diǎn)石scattered stone2.0367 抱角石corner stone2.0368 屋基石foundation stone2.0369 排衙石guard s

23、tone2.0370 屏石screen stone2.0371 石岸rock bank2.0372 石階stone steps2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface2.0374 附壁石stone appended to wall2.0375 石花臺(tái)stone flower bed2.0376 石凳stone bench2.0377 假山石擋土墻rock retaining wall2.0378 干砌石dry stone wall2.0379 假山石樓梯rock stairway2.0380 石亭stone pavilion2.0381 石洞stone

24、cavern2.0382 石窟grotto2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout2.0384 拱石arch stone2.0385 拱頂石key stone2.0168 尾景terminal feature2.0169 主景main feature2.0170 副景secondary feature2.0171 配景objective view2.0172 夾景vista line, vista2.0173 前景front view2.0174 背景background2.0175 景序order of sceneries2.0176 景點(diǎn)featur

25、e spot, view spot2.0177 仰視景觀upward landscape2.0178 俯視景觀downward landscape2.0179 季相景觀seasonal phenomena2.0180 氣象景觀meteorological diversity scenery2.0181 視野visual field2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color2.0183 園林空間garden space2.0184 開敞空間wide open space, wide space2.0185 封閉空間enclosure space2.0186 意境 arti

26、stic conception, poetic imagery2.0187 蒼古antiquity2.0188 空靈spaciousness, airiness2.0189 動(dòng)觀in-motion viewing2.0190 靜觀 in-position viewing2.0191 視錯(cuò)覺visual illusion2.0192 園林藝術(shù)布局artistic layout of garden2.0193 對(duì)稱平衡symmetrical balance2.0194 不對(duì)稱平衡asymmetrical balance2.0195 左右對(duì)稱bilateral symmetry2.0196 輻射對(duì)稱

27、radial symmetry2.0197 透景線perspective line2.0198 軸線axis, axial line2.0199 主軸main axis 2.0200 副軸auxiliary axis2.0201 暗軸hidden axis, invisible axis2.0202 樹冠線skyline2.0203 園林色彩藝術(shù)art of garden colors2.0204 單色諧調(diào)monochromatic harmony2.0205 復(fù)色諧調(diào)compound chromatic harmony2.0206 對(duì)比色突出contrast colors accent2.0

28、207 近似色諧調(diào)approximate colors harmony2.0208 暖色warm color2.0209 冷色cool color2.0210 色感color sense0211 城市綠地系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃urban green space system planning2.0212 綠地系統(tǒng)green space system2.0213 公共綠地定額public green space quota2.0214 公共綠地指標(biāo)public green space norm2.0215 綠地布局green space layout2.0216 吸引圈attractive circle2.0

29、217 吸引距離attractive distance2.0218 有效半徑effective radius2.0219 綠地資源green space resource2.0220 綠地效果green space effect2.0221 綠地規(guī)劃程序planning procedure of the green space2.0222 空間規(guī)劃space planning2.0223 形象規(guī)劃image plan2.0224 實(shí)施規(guī)劃implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空間necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空間leisure time l

30、iving space2.0227 利用頻度usage frequency2.0228 樹種規(guī)劃planning of trees and shrubs2.0229 綠地類型type of green space2.0230 環(huán)狀綠型annular green space2.0231 塊狀綠地green plot2.0232 點(diǎn)狀綠地green spot2.0233 放射狀綠地radiate green space2.0234 楔狀綠地wedge-shaped green space2.0235 緩沖綠地buffer green space2.0236 防音綠地noiseproof green

31、 space2.0237 科學(xué)景觀論scientific landscape theory2.0238 園林保留地reserve garden2.0239 公園規(guī)劃park planning2.0240 園林總體規(guī)劃garden master planning2.0241 總平面規(guī)劃site planning2.0242 園林分區(qū)garden zoning2.0243 安靜休息區(qū)tranquil rest area2.0244 兒童活動(dòng)區(qū)children playing space2.0245 兒童游戲場(chǎng)children playground, playlot2.0246 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)sport

32、s activities area2.0247 野餐區(qū)picnic place2.0248 散步區(qū)pedestrian space2.0249 群眾集會(huì)區(qū)mass meeting square2.0250 觀賞植物區(qū)ornamental plants area2.0251 觀賞溫室區(qū)display greenhouse area, display conservatory area2.0252 草坪區(qū)lawn space2.0253 綠蔭區(qū)shade tree section2.0254 歷史古跡區(qū)historical relics area2.0255 青少年活動(dòng)區(qū)youngsters ac

33、tivities area2.0256 誘鳥區(qū)bird sanctuary area2.0257 釣魚區(qū)fishing center2.0258 野營(yíng)區(qū)camp site2.0259 游人中心visitors center2.0260 服務(wù)中心service center0261 探險(xiǎn)游樂(lè)場(chǎng)adventure ground2.0262 文化活動(dòng)區(qū)cultural activities area2.0263 道路系統(tǒng)approach system, road system2.0264 環(huán)形道路系統(tǒng)circular road system2.0265 方格形道路系統(tǒng)latticed road sy

34、stem2.0266 放射形道路系統(tǒng)radiate road system2.0267 自然式道路系統(tǒng)informal road system2.0268 規(guī)整式道路系統(tǒng)formal road system2.0269 混合式道路系統(tǒng)mixed style road system2.0270 園林規(guī)劃圖garden planning map2.0271 園林規(guī)劃說(shuō)明書garden planning direction2.0272 城市公園系統(tǒng)urban park system2.0273 公園分布distribution of parks2.0274 公園類型park type, park c

35、ategory2.0275 公園間距distance between parks2.0276 公園形式park styles2.0277 游覽區(qū)excursion area, open-to-public area2.0278 非游覽區(qū)no-admittance area2.0279 辦公區(qū)administrative area2.0280 服務(wù)區(qū)service center2.0281 動(dòng)休息區(qū)dynamic rest space2.0282 靜休息區(qū)static rest space2.0283 娛樂(lè)演出區(qū)entertaining performance place2.0284 主要入口m

36、ain entrance2.0285 次要入口secondary entrance2.0286 人流量visitors flowrate2.0287 車流量vehicle flowrate2.0288 公園道路park road2.0289 公園水陸面積比率land-water ratio2.0290 游人容納量visitors capacity2.0291 風(fēng)景資源調(diào)查landscape resource evaluation2.0292 風(fēng)景學(xué)scenicology2.0293 風(fēng)景規(guī)劃landscape plan2.0294 風(fēng)景設(shè)計(jì)landscape design2.0295 游覽路線

37、touring route2.0296 旅游資源tourism resource2.0297 旅游地理tourism geography2.0298 旅游地質(zhì)tourism geology2.0299 歷史名城famous historical city2.0300 文化名城famous cultural city2.0301 文化遺址ancient cultural relic2.0302 天然博物館natural open museum2.0303 風(fēng)景地貌natural geomorphology2.0304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figurati

38、on2.0305 風(fēng)景區(qū)scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 風(fēng)景名勝famous scenery, famous scenic site2.0307 特異景觀風(fēng)景區(qū)specific natural scenes area2.0308 民族風(fēng)俗風(fēng)景區(qū)scenic spot of minority customs2.0309 高山風(fēng)景區(qū)alpine scenic spot2.0310 海濱風(fēng)景區(qū)seabeach scenic spot2.0311 森林風(fēng)景區(qū)forest scenic spot2.0312 高山草甸風(fēng)景區(qū)alpine tundra landscape sp

39、ot2.0313 峽谷風(fēng)景區(qū)valley scenic spot2.0314 江河風(fēng)景區(qū)river landscape district2.0315 湖泊風(fēng)景區(qū)lake round scenic spot2.0316 溫泉風(fēng)景區(qū)hot spring scenic spot2.0317 瀑布風(fēng)景區(qū)waterfall scenic spot2.0318 禁伐禁獵區(qū)region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting2.0319 封山育林區(qū)region closed for afforestation2.0320 天池風(fēng)景區(qū)crater lake scenic s

40、pot2.0321 自然保護(hù)區(qū)nature protection area2.0322 科學(xué)保護(hù)區(qū)protection area for scientific research2.0323 天然紀(jì)念物natural monument2.0324 生物圈保護(hù)區(qū)biosphere protection area2.0386 園林水景water scenes of garden2.0387 水體water body2.0388 水面water surface2.0389 水池pool2.0390 水塘pond2.0391 噴泉fountain2.0392 噴水池fountain pool2.0393

41、 涉水池wading pool2.0394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool2.0395 睡蓮池water-lily pool2.0396 噴水管布置piping schema2.0397 釣魚塘fishing pond2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond2.0399 池邊坐人矮墻seat wall surrounded pool2.0400 隱頭噴泉secret fountain2.0401 島園island garden2.0402 半島園peninsula garden2.0403 小島isle2.0404 瀑布waterfal

42、l2.0405 小瀑布cascade2.0406 湖lake2.0407 磯rock projecting over water2.0408 水簾洞water curtain cave2.0409 園橋garden bridge2.0410 拱橋arch bridge2.0411 石板橋stone slab bridge2.0412 木板橋plank bridge2.0413 圓木橋log bridge2.0414 亭橋pavilion bridge2.0415 曲橋zigzag bridge2.0416 壁泉wall fountain2.0417 飲水噴頭drinking fountain2

43、.0418 植物配植plant arrangement2.0419 樹木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs2.0420 群植group planting, mass planting2.0421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting2.0422 叢植clump planting2.0423 組植group planting2.0424 林植forest planting2.0425 列植linear planting2.0426 對(duì)植opposite planting, coupled planting2.0427 環(huán)植c

44、ircular planting2.0428 帶植belt planting2.0429 散植scattered planting, loose planting2.0430 邊緣種植edge planting2.0431 邊界種植boundary planting2.0432 整形種植architectural planting2.0433 基礎(chǔ)種植foundation planting2.0434 角隅種植corner planting2.0435 景框種植planting as enframent2.0436 門衛(wèi)種植guard planting2.0437 籬恒種植fence plan

45、ting2.0438 障景種植screen planting2.0439 背景種植background planting2.0440 林下種植underwood planting2.0441 路邊種植roadside planting2.0442 綠籬hedge2.0443 樹墻espalier2.0444 庭蔭樹shade tree2.0445 園景樹specimen tree2.0446 風(fēng)景林amenity forest, ornamental forest2.0447 行道樹avenue tree, street tree2.0448 紀(jì)念林memorial forest2.0449

46、整型樹topiary tree2.0450 花籬flower hedge2.0451 刺籬thorny plants hedge2.0452 常綠綠籬evergreen hedge2.0453 落葉綠籬deciduous hedge2.0454 高籬high hedge2.0455 溝中邊籬hah-hah fence2.0456 圖案矮籬pattern dwarf hedge2.0457 迷宮綠籬labyrinth hedge2.0458 整剪綠籬clipped hedge2.0459 自然式花籬natural flowering hedge2.0460 邊籬boundary fence2.0

47、461 園籬garden fence, garden hedge2.0462 純林pure forest2.0463 混交林 mixed forest2.0464 林間隙地 open space in woodland2.0465 雜木林 spinney2.0466 樹冠覆蓋面 tree canopy2.0467 草坪 lawn2.0468 整形草坪 formal lawn2.0469 開花草坪 flowering lawn2.0470 牧場(chǎng)草坪 meadowy land2.0471 花壇 flower bed2.0472 路邊花壇 roadside flower bed2.0473 帶狀花壇

48、 ribbon flower bed2.0474 時(shí)鐘花壇 flower clock2.0475 盆栽花壇 potted flower bed, basined flower bed2.0476 高設(shè)花臺(tái)raised flower bed2.0477 毛氈花壇 carpet bed2.0478 鑲嵌花壇 mosaic bed2.0479 鋪石花壇 paved bed2.0480 灌木花壇 shrub bed2.0481 圖案花壇群 parterre2.0482 草藥花壇 herbaceous flower bed2.0483 花結(jié)花壇 knot bed2.0484 整形花壇 formal fl

49、ower bed2.0485 花境 flower border2.0486 花桶flower tub2.0487 植樹箱planting box2.0488 活動(dòng)花壇movable flower bed2.0489 瓶飾garden vase2.0490 灌木花境shrub border2.0491 混合花境mixed border2.0492 園林道路設(shè)計(jì)garden road design, garden path design2.0493 漫步路trail, footway2.0494 小徑alley, path2.0495 川草坪島lawn island2.0496 安全島traffi

50、c island, refuge island2.0497 轉(zhuǎn)彎曲度turning curvature2.0498 轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑turning radius2.0499 踏面landing pitch2.0500 步石stepping stone2.0501 涉水踏步wading step2.0502 錯(cuò)鋪路crazy paving path2.0503 隨意組合方石板路flag stone path paved at random2.0504 花紋路pattern path2.0505 林蔭路mall2.0506 林蔭大道boulevard2.0507 花園路parkway2.0508 林間小道

51、path in woodland2.0509 種植池planting bed2.0510 樹池保護(hù)格柵tree grate2.0511 樹干保護(hù)套欄tree guard2.0512 樹池坐凳矮墻seatwall-surrounded planting2.0513 路面線紋score line2.0514 傳統(tǒng)園林建筑 traditional garden building2.0515 涼亭 summer shelter2.0516 活樹亭 arbor, tent arbor2.0517 蘑菇亭 mushroom pavilion2.0518 茅亭 thatched pavilion2.0519

52、 竹亭 bamboo pavilion2.0520 茶亭 tea booth, tea kiosk2.0521 回廊 cloister2.0522 水廊 corridor on water2.0523 曲廊 zigzag veranda2.0524 扒山廊 sloping gallery2.0525 樓廊 two-storied gallery2.0526 畫舫 painted pleasure boat2.0527 石舫 stone boat2.0528 不擊舟 immovable pleasure boat2.0529 詩(shī)條石 poem-engraved stone slab2.0530

53、月洞門 moon gate2.0531 扶手欄桿 handrail2.0532 坐凳欄桿 seat rail2.0533 石碑 stone tablet, stele2.0534 園林露天劇場(chǎng) open garden theater2.0535 園林露天舞池 open garden dancing place2.0536 露天音樂(lè)臺(tái) outdoor music stand2.0537 眺望臺(tái) prospect deck2.0538 繁殖溫室 plant propagation greenhouse2.0539 展覽溫室 public conservatory2.0540 月池 new-moon

54、 pool2.0541 園林小品 small garden ornaments2.0542 磁磚壁畫 painted tile mural tablet2.0543 園椅 garden chair, garden seat2.0544 園凳 garden bench2.0545 園桌 garden table2.0546 園燈 garden lamp2.0547 日規(guī) sundial2.0548 鳥浴 bird bath2.0549 鳥舍 bird cottage, nestle box2.0550 鳥籠 bird cage, bird coop2.0551 懸籃 hanging basket2.0552 野鳥喂食器 bird feeder2.0553 額匾 horizontal inscribed board2.0554 楹聯(lián) couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar2.0555 引露天烤爐