1、,Lesson SevenCriminal Law,Lecturer:譚宗燕,1,第11次課,Homicide 殺人,Manslaughter,Murder,Capital punishment極刑,Reading閱讀,Manslaughter,Murder,Lesson 7 Criminal Law,Teaching Aims,After studying, students will be able to: 1. learn some legal phrases. 2. learn the element of a crime in the US criminal law. 3. be c

2、lear types of crime 4. be clear what is homicide and what is justifiable homicide 5. know the difference between murder and manslaughter and know how to behave under certain conditions,法律英語(yǔ),3,Teaching Focus Points and Difficulties,Teaching Focus Points: 1.the elements of a crime 2. the difference be

3、tween murder and manslaughter Teaching Difficulties: 1.the elements of a crime 2.the difference between murder and manslaughter,2020/7/21,法律英語(yǔ),4,Contents,Summary and Problem-solving,Step I Assignment-checking,1.Word test,Dictation,Word test,administrative procedure agency judicial review,denial gove

4、rnment effective Interpretation inspection,key,New words,Group 1,Group 2,misdemeanor n.輕罪 malice n.惡意 express a.明確的 deliberate a.故意的 paramour n.配偶 liability n.責(zé)任,treason n.叛國(guó) bribery n.賄賂罪 homicide n. 殺人 felony n.重罪 insanity n.精神病 justifiable a. 有正當(dāng)理由的,reading race,Step II Lead-in rubbish-picking in

5、 parks, etc. voluntary work in churches, schools, libraries or hospitals etc.,法律英語(yǔ),20,3Probation 緩刑假釋期 Strictly speaking，Probation 應(yīng)翻譯為行為觀察期，只要在觀察期期間不再做其它任何錯(cuò)事，在期滿后就可以申請(qǐng)撤銷原案。 （1）formal probation : regular reports;give up certain rights （2）non-formal probation: no reports,only keep in contact with the

6、 police officers,21,4Fine bargaining deal 法官會(huì)依照罪名及行為的輕重而確定罰款，辯護(hù)律師與檢察官會(huì)討價(jià)還價(jià)地商討好罰金 extra fees一般來說，法院會(huì)在罰金上加上一些額外的費(fèi)用，e.g.:in Los Angles，175%+ 100 ,2020/7/21,22,8.8億,5Others like Plea Bargaining(庭外和解）法官依案件的不同而采取一些有利于教育犯者不再重做，或補(bǔ)償受害者的措施,2020/7/21,法律英語(yǔ),23,non-criminal homicide,criminal homicide,homicide,mur

7、der,manslaughter,Step III Reading Comprehension,justifiable homicide,excusable homicide,What is homicide? the killing of one human being by another Are all homicide criminal? Justifiable homicide 正當(dāng)殺人 Excusable homicide 可寬恕的殺人,25,Kill for self-defense.,Non-criminal homicide,A person accidentally and

8、 without gross negligence causes the death of another.,沒有嚴(yán)重過失,Q:Under what conditions can people free from homicide criminal liability in America?,1. nonage 未成年:Different in different states.,26,1st degree murder- 18 y 2nd degree murder- 13 y 1st degree manslaughter/kidnapping/injury- 14y others- 16

9、 y,2.insanity defense精神不正常辯護(hù),MNaghten Rule對(duì)錯(cuò)規(guī)則 Durham Rule產(chǎn)物規(guī)則,John Hinckley,Ronald Reagan,2020/7/21,27,3. alcoholic intemperance酗酒狀態(tài) voluntary intoxication vs. involuntary intoxication 主動(dòng)酗酒中實(shí)施的犯罪不能辯護(hù) 4. act under coercion/duress被迫行為 5. self-defense 正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) 6. necessity 緊急避險(xiǎn) 7. police trap 警察圈套 8. mist

10、ake,2020/7/21,法律英語(yǔ),Criminal homicide有罪殺人,A killing done without lawful justification or excuse.,惡意殺人謀殺,非惡意殺人非預(yù)謀殺人,29,malice,The elements of the crimes of murder,Courts decisions,Legislatures,by,30,1. Murder,Killing a human being with “malice”,California Penal Code,SECTION 187-199 ：Murder is the unla

11、wful killing of a human being, or a fetus, with malice aforethought.,31,Malice,Express malice-明示惡意 Implied malice-暗示惡意,32,Express malice vs. Implied malice,Fire a rifle at a moving passenger train,33,(a) Felony murder 重罪惡意謀殺,a murder that occurs while the accused is in the act of committing another

12、felony e.g:armed robbery a heavier sentence than plain murder /,34,Case analysis,1.Killing during the course of a robbery在搶劫過程中殺人 2.Gun goes off accidentally killing a bystander or a police officer手槍意外走火，殺死旁觀者或警察,35,felony murder or not,Co-felons guilty of murder重罪共犯謀殺,

13、In the course of an exchange of shots between robbers and the police, a police officer is accidentally killed by another officer. 在搶劫者與警察的交火過程中，一個(gè)警察意外地被另一個(gè)警察打死。,2020/7/21,法律英語(yǔ),36,Penalty for murder?,Death 死刑 Prison terms extending to “l(fā)ife” 終身監(jiān)禁 Prison to a special number of years 一定年限的監(jiān)禁,法律英語(yǔ),37,Ca

14、se analysis,Child-trafficking-Death or not 拐賣兒童者是否該定死罪,(b) Degrees of murder 惡意殺人罪的等級(jí),Varying penalties for murder,punishable by death or long imprisonment,punishable with a lesser penalty,39,First degree murder,A “willful, deliberate and premeditated” killing, such as a poisoning or a killing durin

15、g the commission of a dangerous felony 有意的、故意的、有預(yù)謀的殺人，比如投毒，或者在危險(xiǎn)的重罪發(fā)生過程中殺人。,40,2. Manslaughter,Unlawful killing of another without malice. 無(wú)惡意的非法殺人,Prison term: 1-14 years,41,(a) voluntary manslaughter,An intentional killing upon “great provocation” and in the heat of “passion ”,巨大挑釁 激情之下 故意殺人,42,A

16、killing of paramour or of the spouse, or both,(b) involuntary manslaughter,unintentional killing,43,dangerous unlawful conduct 非法的危險(xiǎn)行為,gross negligence 重大過失,VEHICULAR MANSLAUGHTER,Step IV Summary and Problem-solving,felony misdemeanor Intent Causation gross negligence,criminal homicide express malice implied malice murder manslaughter,2020/7/21,法律英語(yǔ),44,犯罪 crimes 刑罰 punishment 刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability,3,Step V Assignments,Review: 1. Whats your viewpoin