1、Units 12-14,知識清單,（一）單詞,1. _ v. 期待；希望 _ adj. 意料中的 _ adj. 出乎意料的 2. _ n. 背包 3. _ v. 睡過頭；睡太久 _ adj. 瞌睡的 4. _ n. 工人 5. _ v. 盯著看；凝視 6. _ prep. 在上面 _ prep. 在下面,expect,expected,unexpected,backpack,oversleep,sleepy,worker,stare,above,below,7. _ v. 認為；相信 _ n. 相信；信任 _ n. 懷疑 8. _ v. 著火；燃燒 9. _ adj. 活著；有生氣的 _ ad

2、j. 生動的 10. _ n. 機場 11. _ prep. 提供, 給予 afford to do sth. (常與can, be able to連用) 買得起; 有足夠的,3. excitement n. 興奮 【拓展】 excite v. 激動，興奮 excited adj. 興奮的 exciting adj. 令人興奮的,4. remember 【拓展】 remember doing sth. 意為“記得做過某事”，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生 remember to do sth. 意為“記著去做某事”，表示動作尚未發(fā)生,根據(jù)句意及括號內(nèi)所給動詞的提示填 空。 1. Remember _ (ca

3、ll) us when you get there. 2. I remember _ (tell) you about it last week.,to call,telling,1. not only, but also 【歸納】 用于連接兩個表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著重強調(diào)后者，其意為“不僅而且”; 其中的also有時可以省略。 若連接兩個成分作主語，其謂語通常 與靠近的主語保持一致。 not only放在句首, 后接句子時要用倒 裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,（二）短語,2. turn off 關(guān)掉 【拓展】turn相關(guān)短語 turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身 turn up 調(diào)高(音量) turn down 調(diào)低;

4、 拒絕 turn into 變成; 進入 turn on 打開, 發(fā)動 turn off 關(guān)掉, 關(guān)閉 turn out to be 結(jié)果是 turn over 移交,1. be about to do sth. 意為“就要/正要做某事”，表達的是最近的將來，側(cè)重于表示動作馬上就要發(fā)生。如： Be quiet, please. The meeting is about to begin.,（三）句式,【運用】漢譯英。 當(dāng)他進來的時候，珍妮正要離開。 Jenny _ _ _ _ when he came in.,was about to leave,一、構(gòu)成 助動詞had+動詞的過去分詞 二、用

5、法 1.表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作或狀態(tài)。如： I forgot to tell you thatI had not readthis novel before.,（四）語法,過去完成時,2.表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且到那時還未結(jié)束，仍有繼續(xù)下去的可能性。如： Dannyhad workedin Shanghai for six years by then.,三、一些使用過去完成時的常見情況 1.由by(在某時前，到某時)構(gòu)成的短語表示過去的時間時，句子常用過去完成時。如： By 10 oclock last night, S

6、andyhad finishedher work. Susanhad stayedin Beijing for three years by then. By the end of that summer, Hollyhad read overtwenty novels.,2.由by the time和when / before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句使用了一般過去時，而主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前，此時主句用過去完成時。如： By the time Jason returned home, his sonhad finishedhis homework. When Justin got to th

7、e station, the trainhadalreadyleft. The little boyhad pressedthe red button before we could stop him.,3.在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句使用了一般過去時，而從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，此時從句用過去完成時。如： Suddenly we realized that wehad lostour way.,【運用】單項選擇 1. Mr. Dean had written a number of books _ the end of last year. A. for B. in C. by D.

8、to 2. What _ Jane _ by the time she was seven? A. did; learn B. has; learned C. was; learning D. had; learned,C,D,3. When Nick got home, he found he _ his jacket on the playground. A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 4. By the time my parents got home yesterday, I _ dinner already. A. ha

9、d cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooking 5. Tara said she _ the movie before. A. has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen,A,A,D,常見的構(gòu)詞法有：合成、派生和轉(zhuǎn)化。 一、合成法指由兩個或兩個以上獨立且語義不相同的詞結(jié)合成一個新詞。常見的合成詞有合成名詞(如bathroom)、合成形容詞(如easy-going)、合成副詞(如somewhere)、合成代詞(如anybody)和合成動詞(如oversleep)。,構(gòu)詞法,二、派生法指由詞根利用前綴或后綴派生而

10、形成新詞，也叫前綴、后綴構(gòu)詞法。前綴一般改變詞義而不改變詞性，后綴一般改變詞性而不改變詞義。常見的前綴有dis-, un-, im-(表示否定)和re-(表示重復(fù))等；常見的后綴有名詞后綴-or, -er, -ist, -tion, -ty等、形容詞后綴-ful, -less, -able, -ing, -ed, -y等、副詞后綴-ly和動詞后綴-ize, -en等。如：,likedislike happyunhappy politeimpolite tellretell actactor teachteacher sciencescientist pronouncepronunciation

11、 safesafety mouthmouthful useuseless acceptacceptable relaxrelaxing surprisesurprised snowsnowy slowslowly popularpopularize quickquicken,三、轉(zhuǎn)化法指一個單詞保持詞形不變而由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性。單詞轉(zhuǎn)化后的意義與之前的意義聯(lián)系密切。比如，名詞和動詞、形容詞和名詞、形容詞和動詞之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化。如： rush n. 倉促；急促 v.倉促；急促 patient n. 病人 adj. 耐心的 own adj. 自己的 v. 擁有,【運用】根據(jù)句意及提示填空。

12、1. Peter is ill in hospital and it is _ (possible) for him to attend the meeting tonight. 2. The washing machine and the fridge are both important _ (invent). 3. All of us think the five-day trip is very short but _ (enjoy). 4. Do you think its hard to _ (memory) these English words?,impossible,inve

13、ntions,enjoyable,memorize,5. Katie _ (own) her _ (own) house. 6. Your composition is not so good. Youd better _ (write) it. 7. I hope you will take my suggestions _ (serious). 8. It is _ (meaning) for us to help the elderly.,owns own,rewrite,seriously,meaningful,態(tài)度(Attitudes) 同意和不同意(Agreement and di

14、sagreement) A. Sure. Certainly. Of course. All right. I agree. No problem. Thats a good idea. Yes, I think so.,（五）交際用語,B. No way. Of course not. I dont agree. I dont think so. Im afraid not.,根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項 補全對話，其中有兩項多余。 A. There was no one in the classroom. B. And when I got off the bus, it star

15、ted raining. C. I have had a bad day today. D. What an unlucky morning you had! E. I missed the early bus. F. Yes, of course! I was late and wet. G. Im very happy to hear that.,A: Hi, Cathy. You look unhappy. Whats wrong with you? B: Hi, Tara. (1)_ A: Why? What happened? B: Well, this morning I arri

16、ved at the bus stop late. (2)_ So I had to wait for another bus. And I waited nearly 20 minutes. A: Thats really a long time.,C,E,B: Yeah. (3)_ You know, its 10 minutes walk from the bus stop to the classroom building. And I didnt take an umbrella with me. A: Oh, no! You must be wet all over! B: (4)

17、_ When I entered the classroom, I was 20 minutes late for English class. A: Thats too bad. (5)_,F,B,D,鞏固練習(xí),.根據(jù)句意及提示，寫出所缺單詞。 1. _(女士) and gentlemen, lets start the meeting now. 2. Glass can be _(回收利用) again and again. 3. His apartment is three _(街區(qū)) away from the school. 4. No _(科學(xué)的) studies have sho

18、wn that shark fins are good for peoples health.,Ladies,recycled,blocks,scientific,5. As students, our _(任務(wù)) is to study hard every day. 6. Because Bob stayed up too late last night, he _(睡過頭) this morning. 7. We are doing a(n) _(調(diào)查) among these students about how to study for a test. 8. Dont give up

19、 your dream. Believe in yourself and you can _(克服) the difficulties.,task,overslept,survey,overcome,.根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填 空，有的需要變換形式。 afford, thirsty, law, separate, caring, cancel, cruel, ring 1. I think it is _ to kill the animals. 2. The show was _ because of the bad weather. 3. The government has m

20、ade some _ to protect the wild animals.,cruel,canceled,laws,4. Mrs. Green always helps the people in trouble. She is a(n) _ woman. 5. I cant _ the television. Its too expensive. 6. I am very _. Could you please give me some water to drink? 7. Bert was late for school because his alarm clock didnt _

21、yesterday morning.,caring,afford,thirsty,ring,8. Please _ the white shirts from the colored ones. They cant be washed together.,separate,.根據(jù)意思及提示，翻譯下列句子。 1.安妮(Annie)總能理解她父母。(never fail) _ _ 2.昨天喬(Joe)花費時間教他妹妹彈吉他。(take) _ _,Annie never fails to understand her parents.,Joe took time to teach his siste

22、r to play the guitar yesterday.,3.公園里有很多孩子在玩。(there be) _ _ 4.這家紙廠工人的數(shù)量下降了30%。(fall by) _ _,There are many children playing in the park.,The number of workers in this paper factory has fallen by 30 percent.,5.盧克(Luke)正要上床睡覺，這時有人敲門。(be about to) _ _ 6.不管這支鋼筆有多貴，弗蘭克(Frank)都打算買。(no matter) _ _,Luke was

23、 about to go to bed when someone knocked at the door.,Frank is going to buy this pen no matter how expensive it is.,.閱讀短文，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整、通順。 word, easy, kill, strong, leg, weigh, also, hide, eye, so, disagree, because The roadrunner (走鵑) lives on land and doesnt often fly. It has very (1)_ legs and can run at speeds of up to 32 kilometers an hour. It has a very sharp beak (鋒利的嘴), and it can (2)_ a snake.,strong,kill,The green tree frog has sticky feet, (3)_ it can hang on smooth leaves and branches (樹枝). Its so small and light th