1、Nelson Mandela,Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei,(特蘭斯凱 ) South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was a Chief (酋長)of a tribe Mandela has strong character even from he was a child and he advocates national hero vuey muchAs the oldest son in his family, Mandela was appointed as the successor of the

2、 tribe,but he refused that He said he would never adominate a tribe,which was under oppressed,with a cheif identifyHe wanted to throw himself into the career of the national liberation,Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯蘭德大學(xué)）and q

3、ualified in law in 1942.,He joined the African National Congress （非洲人國民大會 簡稱ANC）in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Partys apartheid policies （種族隔離政策）after 1948.,After the banning of the ANC in 1960,Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANCIn J

4、une 1961,he became the commander(總司令) of the military organizationBecause of his political activity,he went on trial for treason（叛國罪） in 1956-1961 In 1962 ,mandela was arrested and sentenced to five yearsimprisonment with hard labour In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and,the military orga

5、nization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密謀） to overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock (被告席)received considerable international publicity.,On June 12 ,1964,mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment(終身監(jiān)禁) .From 1964 to 1982,he was i

6、ncarcerated(關(guān)押) at Robben Island prison,off cape Town;thereafter,he was at pollsmoor prison,nearby on the mainland. He stayed in the prison for 27 yeas and he consistently refused to compromise with his political position to obtain his freedom.Because he never chang his strong mind,which is to build

7、 an new ,equal and free South Africa.,During his years in prison ,mandelas reputation grew steady.He became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement.At last ,he was released on February 18,1990.After his release,he plunged himself into his lifes career.In 1991,at the first nation

8、al conference of the ANC held inside South Africa,he was elected President of the ANC.In 1994,the ANC won the general election,mandela became the first Black President in the history of South Africa.,In his life time ,he won nearly 100 awards.In 1993,he was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize,which w

9、as in order to commend his contribution in againsting racial discrimination. Mandla also pays close attention to AIDS(艾滋病).He established AIDS foundation named after him.,The time of Africa,In a fairly long period,Africa was excluded from great international competition,because of its apartheid poli

10、cies(種族隔離政策).But Africans love sports very mcuh.In order to hold The 2010 World Cup,although Mandela is old aged and health condition is not very good,he also did his best.On June,11,2010, The World Cup of South Africa began.This was not just a football feast for Aricans but something more.This fulfilled a great leaders long-cherished wish:peace,solidarity and so on.,Now ,the brithday of Mandela became an international festi