1、書(shū)面表達(dá)常用句型,Xiaoyao979制作,書(shū)面表達(dá)常用句型 一 系表結(jié)構(gòu) 七 感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu) 二 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 八. 疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu) 三 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 九 否定式結(jié)構(gòu) 四 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 十. 并列句結(jié)構(gòu) 五 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 十一. 復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu) 六 祈使句結(jié)構(gòu) 十二. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu),一系表結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) Notes 1. 常用的系動(dòng)詞有: 1). 靜態(tài)(表性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài))： be seem remain appear 2). 動(dòng)態(tài)(表變化): become go turn get grow 3). 感官(表示感覺(jué)): look sound taste feel smell,2. 可以用做表語(yǔ)的有: 1

2、)名詞 2)名詞性物主代詞 3)不定代詞 4)人稱代詞 5)形容詞 6)數(shù)詞 7)副詞 8)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ)) 9)動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ)) 10)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ)) 11)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)) 12)介詞短語(yǔ) 13)從句,e.g. 1) Smith was the boss of a garage.2) Is this pen yours?3) This is something you should always keep in mind.4) It is she who is singing next door.5) All the walls are white6) My son will be fo

3、urteen next year.,7) Class is over.8) His wish is to become a scientist.9) Her favorite sport in summer is swimming.10) The news was exciting.11) They were not discouraged.12) We are all against the proposal.13) He is no longer what he used to be.,3. 常用句型: 1) It + be + n. + to do 2) It + be + adj. +

4、 to do 3) It + be + n. + for / of sb. + to do 4) It + be + n. + doing 5) It + be + adj. + doing 6) It + be + n. + clause 7) It + be + adj. + clause 8) There + be + S.,e.g. 1) It is a pity to hear that.2) It is not easy to master a foreign language.3) It is a big mistake for her to have bought the cl

5、othes.4) It was hard for him to support such a big family.5) It is no use going there today.,6) Its useless keeping books without reading them. 7) Its a pity that she is out. 8) It is true that he has passed the examination. 9) She looks happy today. 10) The little girl felt shy. 11) Its getting dar

6、k. 12) There will be a new play at the theatre tomorrow.,二主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+（不及物動(dòng)詞）謂語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ),Notes: 1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后有時(shí)可以不帶任何成 分。 2. 狀語(yǔ)可以是名詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、 不定式短語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。,3常見(jiàn)句型： 1) S. + vi. 2) S. + vi. + n. 3) S. + vi. + adv. 4) S. + vi. + prep. ph. 5) S. + vi. + to do,6) S. + vi. + doing 7) S. + vi. + for sb./sth. to do sth.

7、8) It + seem / appear + adj. / n. + to do happen 9) It + seem + clause appear 10) There + vi. + S.,e.g. The sun has risen. They worked day and night. They all went out. She came into the library. He got up early to catch the first bus. She stood smiling at me. It seemed impossible to solve the probl

8、em.,8) She waited for her husband to come back. 9) It happened that they were out when we called on them that evening. 10) It seems that the boy has realized the importance of learning a foreign language. 11) Long, long ago there lived a king.,三主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+（及物動(dòng)詞）謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ) Notes: 1. vi.+ prep.= vt. 2. 可以做賓語(yǔ)

9、的有：名詞，代詞， 數(shù)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞， 從句等.,常見(jiàn)句型： 1) S.+ vt. + n. 2) S.+ vt. + pron. 3) S.+ vt. + num. 4) S.+ vt. + adv. + n. / pron. 5) S.+ vt. + to do 6) S.+ vt. + whether / wh + to do,三主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),7) S.+ vt. + doing 8) S.+ vt. + object clause 9) S.+ vt. + object + prep. ph. 10) S.+ vt. + it + prep. ph. + that clause

10、11) S.+ vt. + object + to do 12) It+ vt. + object + to do 13) S.+ vt. + it + adj. / n. ( + for sb.) + to do,e.g. 1) She is watering the flowers. 2) He loves her very much. 3) Who are you going to take these three? 4) She couldnt keep back her tears. =She couldnt keep her tears back. 5) She decided t

11、o give it up.,6) He tried to do a good deed each day. 7) She hardly knows how to write a composition. 8) I wondered whether to stay or to leave. 9) I remember seeing her somewhere before. 10) I hear (that) she has come back. 11) I agree to what he has said.,12) He didnt know whose side he should tak

12、e. 13) We spend a lot of money on books. 14) He explained it to his students that he was ill that day. 15) He entered the room to look for his pencil-box. 16) It took more than ten years to build the houses. 17) I think it necessary (for him) to learn a foreign language.,四雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+（及物動(dòng)詞）謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

13、,Notes: 1.不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞之后都可由雙賓語(yǔ)。 可用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有以下三類： 1). give tell teach write bring lend hand show send offer pay pass allow 2) buy do get fetch save make sing choose 3) ask answer,2. 1）= vt. + D.O. + to + I.O. 2）= vt. + D.O. + for + I.O. 3）vt. + D.O.1 + D.O.2 3常用句型： 1) S. + vt. + D.O. +I.O. 2) S. + vt. +

14、D.O. + to / for + I.O. 3) S. + vt. + I.O. + clause 4) It take + O. ( n. / pron.) + n. /pron. + to do 5) Sth. + cost + sb. + n.,e.g. 1) He gave me some beautiful pictures. 2) He handed the purse to the teacher. 3) Would you fetch some water for the children?,4) She told the students (that) the old ma

15、n was her father. 5) Well show you whose order it is. 6) It took him quite some time to find the elephant at all. 7) The new bike cost him 300 yuan.,五復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+（及物動(dòng)詞）謂語(yǔ)+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),Notes: 1復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)是指“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”。 賓語(yǔ)和其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上的 主謂關(guān)系。 2可作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有：名詞，形容詞， 副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)，現(xiàn)在 分詞，過(guò)去分詞。,3常見(jiàn)句型： 1) S. + vt. + n. / pron.

16、+ n. pain get beat find 2) S. + vt. drive + n. / pron. + adj. wish prove leave make,feel hear listen to make let 7) S. + vt. see + object + do look at watch notice observe 8) S. + vt. + object + doing,feel find 3) S.+ vt. make +it + n./adj. + for/of sb. to do /doing think consider 4) S. + vt. + adj.

17、 / n. + that clause n. 5) S. + vt. + pron. + to be + adj./n. clause 6) S. + vt. + object + to do,9) S. + vt. + object + done 10) S. + vt. + object + W + to do 11) S. + vt. + object + adv. 12) S. + vt. + sb. / ones + doing 13) S. + vt. + object + prep. ph.,e.g. 1) We elected him monitor of our class.

18、 2) The boy kicked the door open. 3) I think it foolish of him to believe her. 4) We thought it better for you to take the medicine in time. 5) He had made it a rule never to cast his net more than three times a day.,6) I consider it a pity that he has given up studying English. 7) We found her to b

19、e mad. 8) He wanted her to be a dancer. 9) He believes what she said to be true. 10) The doctor advised him to have an operation.,11) The boss made the workers work long hours. 12) We found the boy crying in the street. 13) Have you ever heard this song sung in English?,14) The farmers showed us how

20、 to cut wheat. 15) Did you find them in? 16) Do you mind me /my closing the window? 17) They forced her into the room.,六祈使句結(jié)構(gòu),1. Do + 2. Be + predictive + 3. Dont + do + 4. Dont + be + predictive 5. Let + object + do + .,e.g. 1) Come in, please. 2) Pass her a piece of paper. 3) Be a good boy. 4) Be

21、careful not to touch it. 5) Dont read in a moving bus. 6) Dont be so silly. 7) Lets have a rest. 8) Let the boy in, please.,七感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu),1. What (+ adj.) + n.+ S. + v.! 2. How + adj./adv. + S. + v.! 3. How + S. + v.! 4. How + adj.+ a / an + n. + S. + v.!,e.g. 1) What a silly boy he is! 2) What terrible we

22、ather we are having! 3) How hard they are working! 4) How wonderful to be invited to a palace ball!,八.疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),1一般疑問(wèn)句： 1) Be + S. + predictive? 2) Be + there + S. + ? Have 3) Has + S. + object + ? Had,Do Be 4) Have + S. + do + ? Will Shall Can May 5) Must + S. + do +? Need Dare,e.g. 1) Were they busy y

23、esterday? 2) Was there a pine tree beside the house? 3) Have you (got) any red ink? 4) Is she lying in bed? 5) Did Tom go there with you? 6) Dare you say it again?,2. 特殊疑問(wèn)句 1）作主語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)詞 + 陳述語(yǔ)序? (who; which; what) 2）作定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)詞 + 陳述語(yǔ)序？ (what; which; whose; how many/much) 3）疑問(wèn)詞(作定語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ))+一般疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序？,e.g. 1)

24、 Who came to school the earliest yesterday? 2) Which book is yours? 3) What are you doing? 4) Where did you go yesterday?,3選擇疑問(wèn)句： 1）一般疑問(wèn)句 + or + 另一供選擇部分？ 2）一般疑問(wèn)句 + or + not? 3）特殊疑問(wèn)句, + A or B ? e.g. 1) Do you like sports or music? 2) Do you like sports or not? 3)Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?

25、,4. 反意疑問(wèn)句： 助動(dòng)詞 1）陳述句肯定結(jié)構(gòu),+ 系動(dòng)詞 的否定式 + 人稱代詞？ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞 2）陳述句否定結(jié)構(gòu),+ 系動(dòng)詞 的肯定式 + 人稱代詞？ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 e.g. 1) You are tired, arent you? 2) You wouldnt leave for long, will you?,九否定式結(jié)構(gòu),1S. + be + not + predictive. e.g. He is not an engineer. have no 2. S. + has + not a + object . had any e.g. I have no brother.,no

26、3. There + be + not a + S. not any e.g. There isnt a book on the table. 4. S. + do/does/did + not + do e.g. He didnt come to school yesterday. 5. S. + 助動(dòng)詞 + not + do e.g. 1) He is not crying. 2) I shall not ask him for help.,6. S. + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + do e.g. You neednt worry. to do 7. not + doing + done

27、e.g. 1) Not knowing the truth, he scolded her. 2) I regretted not attending the meeting. 3) We said so not to flatter(奉承) him.,all both 8. not + each 部分否定 every the whole 完全否定分別用： none , neither, nothing, nobody, no one,e.g. 1) All the answers are not correct. 2) Everything doesnt go well. 3) She ha

28、snt done the job completely. 4) Nobody can work it out. 5) None of the students is from Shanghai.,9. 由nor, neither構(gòu)成否定承接句： Neither / Nor + 助/系/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + S. Note: 如果前句兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上動(dòng)詞不屬同類、時(shí)態(tài)不一致或既有肯定又有否定，則套用句型： It is / was the same with + S. e.g. 1) I dont like the film, nor does she. 2) He has no time. Neither

29、 have I.,10. 由hardly, seldom, rarely, never, little, few等構(gòu)成的含否定意義的句子。 e.g. 1) He hardly went out shopping. 2) Few of them know science.,十. 并列句結(jié)構(gòu),1. 由并列詞或逗號(hào)、分號(hào)把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上、具有邏輯關(guān)系的簡(jiǎn)單句連 接為一體，就構(gòu)成了并列句。,2. 常用的并列連詞有： and “和” or “否則” but “可是；但是” for “因?yàn)椤?so “因此” either or “不是就是” neither nor “ 既不也不” not only but

30、 also “不但而且”,3.常用的副詞有： yet “但是” however “然而” therefore “所以” Note: 此類詞前常有逗號(hào)或分號(hào)與前句分開(kāi)。,e.g. 1) Hurry up! Its going to rain. 2) He had to come back home; he wanted some money. 3) Tears appeared in her eyes, but he didnt notice it. 4) Spring came and the trees turned green.,5) She must be ill, for she di

31、dnt come to school this morning. 6) He found nobody in the room, so he went away. 7) He is old, yet he is still active in his work. 8) The composition is all right; however there is room for improvement.,9) He was very tired, and therefore he fell sound asleep. 10) We must hurry, or well be late. 11

32、) Either he is wrong or you are wrong. 12) He doesnt know her, nor do I. 13) Not only was my mother angry, but my father also.,十一. 復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu),1. 主語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)： 1） 連接代詞/副詞 + 從句 + 主句謂語(yǔ)部分 = It + 主句謂語(yǔ)部分 + 連接代詞/副詞 + 從句 (常用連詞 that; whether; who; whom; whose; which; when; where; why; how),e.g. 1) That we love peace is

33、 known to all. =It is known to all that we love peace. 2) Whether we can solve the difficulty still remains a question. =It still remains a question whether we can solve the difficulty.,3) Whose composition is better is hard to say. =It is hard to say whose composition is better. 4) Where well spend

34、 the summer holidays has not been decided. =It hasnt been decided where well spend the summer holidays.,2） What + 主語(yǔ)和及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ) + 主句謂語(yǔ)部分 e.g. (1) What he said is not true. (2) What we are doing is for building socialism.,Whoever 3） Whatever + 主語(yǔ)從句 + 主句謂語(yǔ)部分 Whichever e.g. (1) Whoever wants to go may go a

35、t once. (2) Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.,happened seems 4）It + is a pity + that-clause is said is reported,e.g. (1) It happened that he was ill when we found him. (2) It seems that she doesnt like her job. (3) Its a pity that she has gone abroad. (4) It is said / reported that

36、 our womens football team had won again.,2.表語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu),that 連詞 if 主語(yǔ) + whether + clause 連接代詞( who; whom; which; what） 連接副詞(when; where; why; how),e.g. 1) His suggestion is that we go to Beijing to spend our holidays. 2) That is just what he wants. 3) The question is who will have a try first. 4) That is

37、why the bat never fly out in the daytime. 5) The problem is whether we can find each other at the station.,3. 賓語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu),1) S. + vt. + that-clause e.g. I wish I could enter college. The king replied that he would set him free. 2) S. + vt. + if / whether-clause e.g. The teacher asked if anyone was absent

38、. I wonder whether he will come ( or not ).,3) S. + vt. + 連接代詞/副詞 + clause e.g. He asked which exercise is the most difficult. No one knows what they are fighting about. 4) S. + vt. + sb. + 連接代詞/副詞 + clause e.g. He didnt tell me where he lived. Didnt she tell you when we should start?,5) 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) + prep

39、. + clause e.g. She should be praised for what she has done. The boss paid the workers according to how much they had done for him.,6) S. + vt. + to短語(yǔ) + that-clause e.g. He explained to us that he had failed to catch the first bus. 7) S. + vt. + it + adj. / n. + clause e.g. We felt it strange that s

40、he could leave without saying good-bye. We thought it a shame that they fought each other in class.,4. 定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu),1) 主句主語(yǔ) + 關(guān)系代詞/副詞 + clause + 主句謂語(yǔ) e.g. The man who is standing by the door is our English teacher. The watch (which / that ) I bought yesterday is made in Swiss. The days when we were cheate

41、d are gone for ever.,2) 主句 + 關(guān)系代詞/副詞+ clause e.g. This is the girl whose father died in the flood. Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. 3) 主句中的被修飾詞 + prep. + 關(guān)系代詞 + clause e.g. The earth on which we live is a big ball. We visited the house in which chairman Mao once lived.,4) 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：

42、which who 主句中的被修飾詞 + , + whom + clause whose + n. where,e.g. Wang Hais father, who works in Nanjing, has come back home. We visited the industrial exhibition, where we saw a lot of foreign guests.,5. 狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)：,1) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 (1) conj. + clause + , + 主句 主句 + conj. + clause (用于此類從句的連詞有：when, while, as, befor

43、e, after, since, until, as soon as),e.g. when he saw his mother, the boy began to cry. Ill write to you as soon as I get there.,(2) S. + had no sooner + done + than + clause No sooner had + S. + done + than + clause e.g. The bell had no sooner rung than the teacher walked into the classroom. =No soo

44、ner had the bell rung than the teacher walked into the classroom.,(3) Hardly + had + S. + done + when / before + clause S. + had + hardly + done + when / before + clause e.g. Hardly had I got home when / before it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when / before it began to rain.,(4) Scarcely + h

45、ad + S. + done + when / before + clause S. + had + scarcely + done + when / before + clause e.g. Scarcely had he got to bed when / before he fell to sleep. = He had scarcely got to bed when / before he fell to sleep.,2) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句,主句 + where(ever) + 從句 Where(ver) + 從句+，+ 主句 e.g. I lost my pen where I wr

46、ote my composition. Wherever we are sent to work, we should work hard.,3）原因狀語(yǔ)從句,Because / As / Since / Now that + 從句，+主句 主句 + because / as / since / now that + 從句 e.g. He didnt go to the meeting because he was ill. As it is going to rain, youd better stay at home.,4）條件狀語(yǔ)從句,If / Unless / As long as +

47、 clause +, + 主句 主句 + if / unless / as long as + 從句 e.g. You are sure to succeed if you work hard. As / So long as we keep calm, we can find a way out.,5）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句, 主句 + that / so that + 從句 S. + v. + so + adj. / adv. + that-clause S. + v. + such (a) + adj. + n. + that-clause S. + v. + so + adj. (+ a ) +

48、 n. + that-clause,e.g. She is so kind to us that we all love her. He spoke so quickly that nobody could follow him. She gave us such an excellent lecture that everybody admired him. =She gave us so excellent a lecture that everybody admired him.,6）目的狀語(yǔ)從句,that so that 主句 + in order that + 從句 in case e.g. We took the front seats in order that we could hear clearly.,7）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,（1） conj. + clause +, + 主句 =主句 + conj. + clause adj. （2） adv. + as / though + 從句 + 主句 n.,常用連詞有： though (although) “雖然” even if/though “即使” whether or “不管事還是” whoeve