1、Lesson 21Mad or not?,New words,1 mad md a.發(fā)瘋 2 reason ri:zn n.原因 3 sumsm n.量 4 determined dit:mind a.堅(jiān)定的，下決心的,mad adj 發(fā)瘋的,1.be mad 發(fā)瘋，發(fā)狂 （強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)） 2.“為而瘋狂（著迷）”的表示方法： be mad about Im mad about English. be crazy about go mad 發(fā)瘋，發(fā)狂 （強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)變） go crazy go insane （insaneinsein adj. 患精神病的，精神病患者的，極愚蠢的） go bananas

2、 （go+adj.變得) They are going bananas. =going crazy=going mad (變瘋了) I slowly go insane/go crazy/go mad/go bananas. 3.be mad at sb 生某人的氣 4.drive sb mad 逼瘋,reason,1)n. 原因 for this reason 由于這個(gè)原因 For this reason, I was late.由于這個(gè)原因，我遲到了。 for some reason 由于某個(gè)原因 ( some: 某一個(gè)，加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)) give a reason 提出理由 the ro

3、ot reason 根本原因 the reason is that 理由是 the reason whyis that 的理由是 eg. The reason why I study English is that I envy those who speak English well. 我學(xué)習(xí)英語的理由是我羨慕那些講英語很好的人。,2) 理性，正常心智 eg. Only man has reason. 只有人類才有理性。 lose ones reason 喪失理智 beyond all reasons 毫無道理 bring a person to reason 使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂

4、事 reasonable adj. 合情合理的，良好的，尚可的 at a reasonable price 以合理的價(jià)格 cause 導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的起因 the cause of the fire 大火的起因 eg. Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer. 吸煙是肺癌的起因之一。,sum n. 量,a large sum of:大量的，喜歡跟錢連用 一大筆錢 a large sum of money,sum n. 量,表“許多”的短語： a great many + pl. a great/large number of + pl. an am

5、ount of (money) a (large)sum of (money)修飾貨幣 n. 大意，要旨 the sum of a speech 演講大意 sum up (1) 合計(jì) sum up all the expenses 把所有的花費(fèi)加起來 (2) 總結(jié)，概括 eg. To sum up, he agrees with us. 總的來說，他同意我們的觀點(diǎn)。 in sum = in a word / in short / in brief 總之，要言之,determined adj 堅(jiān)定的，下決心的,determine vt. 決定，確定，影響 determine a date for

6、 a meeting 確定開會(huì)的日期 determine on sth 決定做某事 determine to do sth eg. We determined to study English hard. 我們決定要努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。 be determined to do sth.下決心做某事 eg. I am determined to stay here. 我決定留下來。 表示下決心做某事，句型知多少？ make up ones mind to do sth decide to do sth make a decision to do sth,課文講解,Mad or not?,1、Mad o

7、r not? = mad or not mad? or not 在疑問詞的后面，表示“是還不是”，選擇概念 2、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. 1). aeroplane = airplane 飛機(jī) 2). drive sb mad 把某人逼瘋 （難點(diǎn)P94) e.g. You are driving me mad. drive (drove , driven) eg. He drives his car very badly. 他開車技術(shù)非常糟糕。 eg. The farmer drove the cattle in the field. 那位農(nóng)夫

8、把牛趕進(jìn)田里。 eg. Our army drove the enemy back. 我們的軍隊(duì)把敵人趕回去了。 eg. During the war, many people were driven out of their homes. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，許多人被趕出家園。,3、I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. night and day 日日夜夜，夜以繼日 passing planes 過往飛機(jī) （passing是現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語，起形容詞作用，修飾planes，“經(jīng)過的(路過)，過往的”）

9、 He forgot the man with passing time. 隨著時(shí)間的消逝，他忘掉了那個(gè)人。 sleeping baby 正在睡覺的小孩 waiting car 正在等待的車,4、The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. 1)years前面不加確定的數(shù)詞時(shí)，一般表示“許多年”years ago = many years ago，weeks等的用法與它相似 I have not seen him for weeks. 2)for some reason由于某個(gè)理由

10、 some+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：某一 some book some+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：一些 some books some+不可數(shù)名詞： 一些 some water Ill tell you some day. Well talk about it some other time. 我們改日再談這件事。,5.Last year,however,it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. 1) come into use:投入使用(永無被動(dòng)，物作主語） c

11、ome into:進(jìn)入得到、獲得財(cái)富 eg. The airport came into use last year. 這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)去年投入使用。 go out of use 停止使用 2) over = more than 3) away from 離開 4) Home ,family與 house 的區(qū)別（P94難點(diǎn)） home:家,強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情;house僅僅指房子;family:家人 home=family+house must have done 對(duì)發(fā)生完的事情有把握的判斷 must have been done （被動(dòng)形式）,6.I am one of the few people le

12、ft. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. 1). one of 的用法（3點(diǎn)） +名詞復(fù)數(shù) +謂語動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)+形容詞的最高 2）left表示被留下來的，leave-left-left , left作定語后置,常放n.后. left 剩下的東西，相當(dāng)于“Who are left (by the others) 其他人走了留下他們” I have a bag left. There is ten cents left in my pocket. （cent sent n.(貨幣單位)分, 分幣

13、） 3)sometimes 有時(shí)候 sometime （過去或?qū)恚┠硶r(shí)候 some time 一段時(shí)間 some times 幾次，幾倍 （注：這是中國人的用法，地道的說法是：several times） 4）knock down 拆散，撞倒 knock at 敲 knock out 打昏 knock off 下班；從碰下去；優(yōu)惠，折扣 knock over 撞翻，打翻，撞倒,I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. offer v. 提供（相當(dāng)于given）

14、offer help 提供幫助 offer a sum of money 提供一筆錢 offer a job 提供一份工作 offer sb sth offer sth to sb 雙賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，主語有兩種可能; 以sb.做主語或以 sth. 做主語 give sb. sth.被動(dòng)sb. be given sth. give sth. to sb.被動(dòng) sth. be given to sb. 雙賓語在變被動(dòng)時(shí)用離動(dòng)詞最近的賓語做主語 原文句型結(jié)構(gòu) sb. be offered sth. be determined to do sth 下定決心要做,7.Everybody says I

15、must be mad and they are probably right. 1）Everybody不定代詞作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 2）must be 表對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的肯定推測(cè),動(dòng)詞語態(tài) 英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài) 主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的承受者 Many people speak English.(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) English is spoken by many people.(被動(dòng)語態(tài)),被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成,助動(dòng)詞+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 （ be + P.P.),以see為例，比較主動(dòng)語和態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,肯定句，否定句及疑問句如下。,Cars are made in Cha

16、ngchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. -Are cars made in Changchun? (-Yes, they are./No,they arent.) Where are cars made? p26,被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用方法,When can we use the passive voice? 不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。 My bike was stolen last night. Letters are collected at eight every morning. 2. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。 The d

17、esk was made by Master Wang. The bag was taken away by his sister.,3. 為了更好地安排句子The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一個(gè)主語就夠了） 4. 在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)。如： I have a new skirt. It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt.,主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法,將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。 將主

18、動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞改為“be+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語改為介詞 by之后的賓語，放在謂語動(dòng)詞之后（有時(shí)可省略）。,將下列句子改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。,1.We use English as a foreign language. English is used as a foreign language( by us) 2. People write business letters in English Business letters are written( by people) in English. 3.They make telephone calls in English. Tel

19、ephone calls are made( by them) in English. 4.Travelers and business people use English. English is used by travelers and business. 5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang. Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang,主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)注意,含直接賓語和間接賓語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況: Eg He gave the boy an apple. (1)把間接賓語改為主語,直接賓語保留不變: The boy was given an apple (2)把直接賓語改為主語,此時(shí),間接賓語前要 加to或for. An apple was given to the boy. (giv