1、物流專業(yè)英語 電子教案 Unit 20 Warehouse management 倉庫管理,教學任務(wù)： 掌握本單元的物流專業(yè)術(shù)語 掌握本單元的核心概念 熟悉本單元的常用物流英語表達法 熟悉本單元的物流流程,第一部分 Section 1 本單元核心術(shù)語 Core terms,warehousing 倉儲 trans-shipment 轉(zhuǎn)運 bulk purchase 批量采購 split bulk items 分割散裝品種 MHE 機械搬運設(shè)備 （Mechanical Handling Equipment ）,第二部分 Section 2 本單元核心概念 Core concepts,What i

2、s a warehouse? 什么是倉庫？,Warehouses are typically viewed as a temporary place to store inventory, very much as airports act as terminal hubs for passengers who are then distributed across the world, or coach stations distribute passengers across the country. These serve as static units matching product

3、 (goods or people) with consumer demand (places to go).,倉庫通常被視為是存儲貨物的臨時性場所，非常像飛機場擔當乘客們的集散中心一樣，把乘客們分散到世界各地; 或是像長途汽車站一樣，把乘客們分散到全國各地。這些(集散中心)具有靜態(tài)單位的作用，把產(chǎn)品(貨物或人)和消費者的需求(所去的地方)相匹配。,課堂教學之 Step 1 單詞領(lǐng)讀 由教師當堂領(lǐng)讀生詞 糾正學生的發(fā)音 領(lǐng)讀完之后給學生留出5分鐘的時間來溫習單詞。,課堂教學之 Step 2 重點內(nèi)容 掌握核心術(shù)語 學習時間5分鐘,課堂教學之 Step 3 難點學習 理解并背誦核心概念 學習時間

4、5分鐘,課堂教學之 Step 4 課文學習 理解課文的意思 對難句進行語法和結(jié)構(gòu)講解 學習時間30分鐘,課文學習提示： 教師在講解課文時，除對課文進行翻譯之外，還要順帶講解一下難句的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。,Warehouse management 倉庫管理,The nature of a warehouse Warehouses are typically viewed as a temporary place to store inventory, very much as airports act as terminal hubs for passengers who are then distrib

5、uted across the world, or coach stations distribute passengers across the country. These serve as static units matching product (goods or people) with consumer demand (places to go).,倉庫的性質(zhì) 倉庫通常被視為是存儲貨物的臨時性場所，非常像飛機場擔當乘客們的集散中心一樣，把乘客們分散到世界各地; 或是像長途汽車站一樣，把乘客們分散到全國各地。這些(集散中心)具有靜態(tài)單位的作用，把產(chǎn)品(貨物或人)和消費者的需求(所去

6、的地方)相匹配。,As a channel of distribution, the warehouse becomes a support unit for numerous retail outlets. Computerized systems have been developed to speed up information flow, order picking and delivery. Efficient warehousing now offers a method of reducing storage and handling costs, and is now see

7、n as an integral part of just in time (JIT). 作為一個配送渠道，倉庫成了眾多零售網(wǎng)點的支持單位。計算機系統(tǒng)被開發(fā)出來以加快信息流、訂單分揀和交貨的速度，高效的倉儲管理現(xiàn)在提供了一種降低存儲及搬運成本的方法，并被看成是即時制(JIT)的一個必要的組成部分。,The purpose of a warehouse Warehouses and distribution centres have a primary aim, which is to facilitate the movement of goods from suppliers to cust

8、omers. In this sense, warehouses, and passenger terminals alike, should be a trans-shipment area where goods or people are received, dispatched or transported efficiently. 倉庫的目的 倉庫和配送中心有一個基本目的，就是促使物資從供應(yīng)商向客戶流轉(zhuǎn)。這樣，倉庫應(yīng)當成為一個為物資或人進行高效接收、發(fā)放或運輸?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)運區(qū)，客運車站的情況也一樣。,Some valid reasons for holding stock include t

9、he following: As a buffer between two production processes To cover demand during suppliers lead time To enable savings to be made through bulk purchases or discounts To cope with seasonal fluctuations To provide a variety of product in a centralized location 持有庫存的正當理由包括下列方面： 作為兩個生產(chǎn)流程之間的緩沖 在供貨前置期間內(nèi)滿

10、足產(chǎn)品的需求 通過批量采購或批量折扣來實現(xiàn)資金的節(jié)省 應(yīng)付季節(jié)性的（需求）波動 在一個集中場所提供多種產(chǎn)品,An online picking screen Managers should view a warehouse as a temporary place to transship goods to customers. It may involve some temporary storage but essentially it is a place to undertake customer order completion, possibly splitting bulk pr

11、oducts and consolidating individual items from various locations.,An online picking screen,在線分揀屏 經(jīng)理們應(yīng)當把倉庫看作是一個向客戶轉(zhuǎn)運貨物的臨時地點，它（指倉庫）也許會涉及到臨時性的貯存，但是從本質(zhì)上來說，這是一個承擔著完成客戶訂單的場所，可能會分割大宗產(chǎn)品、并從各處把單個物件拼裝起來。,CORPORATE DATA DESIGN, INC A BUSINESS DATABASE DEVELOPMENT COMPANY,Costs of running a warehouse Warehouse r

12、unning costs vary widely depending on the nature of their operations. The main costs are as follows: Staffing Building services, maintenance and facilities management Warehouse equipment, including maintenance of materials handling equipment (MHE) and of vehicles 運營倉庫的成本 取決于其運營的性質(zhì)，倉庫營運成本會有巨大的差別。主要成本

13、如下： 員工成本 建筑物服務(wù)、維護及設(shè)施管理 倉庫設(shè)備，包括材料搬運設(shè)備（MHE）和車輛的維護,Security Logistics managers have not been showing enough concern about the issue of security, but it is none the less important. In analyzing security, managers should take into account the value of stock held and the perceived risks. Internal and exte

14、rnal warehouse security should be reviewed. (to be continued) 安全 物流經(jīng)理們還沒有對安全問題表現(xiàn)出足夠的關(guān)注，但它并非不重要。在分析安全情況時，經(jīng)理們應(yīng)當考慮到所持庫存品的價值以及所覺察到的風險，內(nèi)部和外部的安全情況均應(yīng)得到檢查。(待續(xù)),(continued) There are two approaches to this task: SWOT analysis and STEP analysis, which should include the methods to restrict access, use, backup

15、 databases, or power supplies. (to be continued) (續(xù)) 這項任務(wù)有兩種方法：SWOT分析法和STEP分析法，這應(yīng)當包括通行限制、使用權(quán)限制、備份數(shù)據(jù)庫限制或供電限制的方法。(待續(xù)),(continued) SWOT analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses, external Opportunities and Threats STEP analysis of social, technological, economical and political factors in the business envir

16、onment,(續(xù)) SWOT分析法 對實力和 弱點、外部機會和威脅進行分析 STEP分析法 對經(jīng)營環(huán)境中的政治、經(jīng)濟、社會和技術(shù)因素進行分析,This may, internally, include allowing only authorized people to deal with valuable or hazardous goods, or the use of MHE (Mechanical Handling Equipment) into certain areas. (to be continued),從內(nèi)部來講，這可以包括只允許授權(quán)人員來經(jīng)手貴重品或危險品，或在某些區(qū)域使

17、用MHE（機械搬運設(shè)備）。(待續(xù)),(continued) External aspects may involve neighbouring businesses in the security of the whole site. There may also be a sharing of responsibility (and costs) for fencing, lighting, uniformed guards, and CCTV cameras.,(續(xù)) 外部方面可能涉及在安全方面和整個場地相鄰的公司，對圍墻、照明、著制服的保安以及閉路電視攝像頭等事項，也可以進行責任（及成本

18、）分攤。,以上內(nèi)容為第一學時內(nèi)所應(yīng)完成的內(nèi)容,課堂教學之 Step 5 閱讀材料 提示：這部分內(nèi)容由教師指導，學生自學。以提高學生的自主學能力。,Cost of running a warehouse 營運倉庫的成本,Warehouse running costs vary widely depending on the nature of their operations. According to the Institute of Logistics and Transports survey “European Transport Comparative Costs” (1995), t

19、he UK average logistics cost as a percentage of sales is 4%, of which 50% is absorbed by inventory storage. As a percentage of the total cost of distribution, the warehousing element averages about 35%. This emphasizes the relevance of effective warehousing in cutting costs. 取決于其運營的性質(zhì)，倉庫營運成本會有巨大的差別。

20、根據(jù)皇家物流與運輸協(xié)會的調(diào)查“歐洲運輸對比成本（1995）”，英國平均的物流成本占銷售額的比例是4%，其中有50%是由庫存品存儲所吸收的。就總配送成本而言,倉儲成本所占比例平均約為35%. 這就強調(diào)了高效倉儲在削減成本方面的適當性。,In addition, the Freight Transport Association (FTA) publishes guidelines (The Managers Guide to Distribution Costs) in which it emphasizes the variants of costs, but suggests the mai

21、n costs are as follows: Staffing Building services, maintenance and facilities management Warehouse equipment, including maintenance of materials handling equipment (MHE) and of vehicles 另外，貨物運輸協(xié)會（FTA）出版了指導方針（流通成本經(jīng)理指南），書中強調(diào)了成本的變量，但指出主要成本如下： 員工成本 建筑物服務(wù)、維護及設(shè)施管理 倉庫設(shè)備，包括材料搬運設(shè)備（MHE）和車輛的維護,The application

22、 of ICT to warehousing is one of the ways of reducing overhead costs and improving services in that managers are now aware of the relevance of information such as the following. Stock demand and forecasting Stock pallet location, space utilization Stock visibility Vehicle utilization/asset tracking

23、在倉儲中應(yīng)用ICT是降低日常開支成本并改進服務(wù)的方法之一，在這方面，經(jīng)理們現(xiàn)在意識到了下列信息的重要性。 庫存需求及預(yù)測 庫存托盤位置，空間利用 庫存可見性 車輛利用/資產(chǎn)跟蹤,ICT may reduce staffing levels, and may enable the consolidation of warehouses with the resultant reduction of overheads. Material handling equipment and order-picking systems, although initially costly, will ha

24、ve long-term cost benefits. Throughout this the logistics manager needs to have an awareness of the operating overheads including staff and equipment and how careful management of these can help to reduce the cost of warehousing. ICT可以減少職員量，并可以隨著日常開支的減少來合并倉庫。材料搬運設(shè)備和訂單分揀系統(tǒng)雖然初期投入成本高昂，但會具有長期的成本效益。在整個過程

25、中，物流經(jīng)理需要有運營開支的意識，包括職員、設(shè)備以及仔細管理這類設(shè)備是如何有助于降低倉儲成本的。,課堂教學之 Step 6 課堂練習 提示：這部分內(nèi)容由教師指導，學生自學。以提高學生的自主學能力。,1. Answer the following questions in English:,1. In your opinion, what is the nature of a warehouse? Warehouses are typically viewed as a temporary place to store inventory, very much as airports act a

26、s terminal hubs for passengers who are then distributed across the world, or coach stations distribute passengers across the country. These serve as static units matching product (goods or people) with consumer demand (places to go).,2. In what way can computerized systems be helpful in managing a w

27、arehouse? Computerized systems have been developed to speed up information flow, order picking and delivery.,3. What is the primary aim of a warehouse? Warehouses and distribution centres have a primary aim, which is to facilitate the movement of goods from suppliers to customers.,4. What are the ma

28、in costs of running a warehouse? Warehouse running costs vary widely depending on the nature of their operations. The main costs are as follows: Staffing Building services, maintenance and facilities management Warehouse equipment, including maintenance of materials handling equipment (MHE) and of v

29、ehicles,5. What are the two approaches used in analyzing security? Internal and external warehouse security should be reviewed. There are two approaches to this task: SWOT analysis and STEP analysis, which should include the methods to restrict access, use, backup databases, or power supplies. SWOT analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses, external Opportunities a