1、Unit 3 Text BA Tribute to the Dog,New words,prone,He was prone to anger. 他易于發(fā)怒。 These plants are peculiarly（尤其地 ）prone to disease. 這些植物特別容易發(fā)生病變。 For all her experience, she was still prone to nerves. 盡管有經(jīng)驗，她還是容易緊張。 He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him. 人家一不同意他的意見，他就發(fā)脾氣。 The s

2、urvey made by scientists shows that kids are all prone to eat junk food.,settle,settle down 定居,平靜下來,集中精力做;開始認真做 One day Ill want to settle down and have a family. 總有一天，我會想安定下來，成個家。 We saw the therapist four times, and the children have now settled down. 我們?nèi)タ戳怂拇沃委煂＜遥F(xiàn)在孩子們已經(jīng)穩(wěn)定下來了。 They settled down to

3、 some serious work. 他們著手做一些重要的工作。(安定下來專心于 ),settle,Ill settle up with them soon. 我很快就會跟他們清賬。 How do you wish to settle account, sir. In cash or by credit card? 您想怎么結(jié)帳，用現(xiàn)金還是信用卡？ Within the White House itself, things were beginning to settle into a pattern. 在白宮內(nèi)部，事情已開始步入正軌。 It takes a few months to se

4、ttle into life at college. 要過好幾個月才會適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。,privilege,n. 特權(quán) vt. 給與特權(quán)，特免 overdo your privilege abuse your privilege enjoy the privilege We want to privilege them because without the top graduate students, we cant remain a top university. 我們希望給予這些最頂尖的研究生特別照顧，因為沒有他們，我們就無法繼續(xù)處于一流大學(xué)之列。,pursue v. pursuit n.

5、,She had come to England to pursue an acting career. 她來英格蘭投身演藝事業(yè)。 He is desperate to pursue his vocation as an artist. 他不顧一切地從事藝術(shù)的職業(yè)。,turn against 背叛,turn out to 變成 His well-planned party consequencely turned out to be a disaster. turn over 移交給；翻閱；把翻過來； turn down 拒絕；向下轉(zhuǎn)折 in turn 輪流，依次 turn in 交上；歸還；

6、 They answered the teachers questions in turn. The lawyer turned over the release papers. 律師提交了釋放文書。 I thanked him for the offer but turned it down 我謝絕了他的提議,if only,If only I had gone by taxi. 假若我是乘計程車去的就好了。 If only she could marry me!她要是能嫁給我就好了。 only if只要就； You can make progress only if you are mod

7、est. 惟虛心乃能進步。,stick by 堅持忠于，不離不棄 Shed stuck by Bob through thick and thin. 她和鮑勃患難與共。 They vowed to stick by one another no matter what happened. 他們立誓生死與共。 U.S. to stick by one China policy. 布來特：美將固守一個中國政策。,stick to遵守；保留；緊跟；忠于 Police must stick to the highest standards if they are to win back public

8、confidence. 要想重新贏得公眾的信任，警方必須緊遵最高標準。 Perhaps he should have stuck to writing. 也許他應(yīng)該一心放在寫作上。,heaven,Heaven knows 天知道;誰曉得 Heaven knows what they put in it. 天知道他們在里面放了些什么。 （用于以 what、when、who、why 及 how 開頭的疑問句中表示強調(diào)）到底，究竟 Where in heavens name was she? 她到底在哪兒？ 但愿不會這樣Heaven forbid /perish the thought,Fish,

9、do you take Tony, as your lawful husband, to have and to hold, from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness, and in health, till death do you part. Yes, I do! Fish, Er, thank you for being the love of my life, the person I will share all my dreams, my desires, my

10、 plans and my ventures, whole of everything, thank you for being my partner in my life and filling my half percent of life, I feel the happiest person alive with you, with love, always fish 感謝你成為我生命中的摯愛，成為我的唯一，分享我所有的夢想、渴望、藍圖、冒險，以及更多的一切，感謝你成為我今后生命中的伴侶，只要跟你一起活著，我就覺得自己是世界上最快樂的人，永遠！永遠！,熟讀深思 朗讀下列被動句, 體會被

11、動語態(tài)的用法; 觀察謂語部分, 思考各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成。 1.The G8 is made up of political leaders.,2.The Group of Eight, or G8, was formed by eight of the worlds wealthiest nations in 1998. 3.The news is being celebrated by crowds in the streets.,4. At 12: 45 UK time today, the name of the host city for the 2012 Olympic Game

12、s was being announced by IOC in Singapore.(M4, P 23) 5. Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world.(M4， P 22),6. Londons name had been announced twice before. (M4, P 23) 7. It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will be discussed in d

13、etail. (M4, P22),8. They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africas poorest countries so that the problems there can be prevented from getting any worse.,不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰, 或者需要突出或強調(diào)動作的承受者時, 就用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由“be+過去分詞” 構(gòu)成，時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化是通過be來體現(xiàn)的。以do為例, 請完成下表：,1. 只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。 2. 像happen， take place等不及物動詞

14、是沒有被動語態(tài)的。,注意：,3.帶有介詞的短語動詞的被動語態(tài), 不要漏掉介詞。如： The children will be looked after well here.這些孩子在這里將受到很好的照顧。,4. 以下情況常用主動形式表示被動含義： 系動詞feel，look，seem, appear， taste，sound，smell，prove，remain等用主動形式表示被動意義, 主語通常是事物。如： The material feels very soft.這種料子摸起來很柔軟。, write，read, clean，sell，wash, cook，open，close，lock等的否

15、定式或與well, badly, easily等副詞連用, 主語由內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能使謂語得以實現(xiàn)或不能實現(xiàn)時。如： The book sells well.那本書很暢銷。 The window wont open.這扇窗開不了。, cook，bake，make，print， pack，build，work out等動詞用于進行時態(tài)時。如： The fish is cooking.魚正在煮。,非謂語動詞解題方法如下： 首先要判斷括號中所給動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞， 一是根據(jù)主語與謂語動詞的關(guān)系判斷用主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)； 二是根據(jù)具體的語境來判斷用哪一種時態(tài)； 三是要注意主謂一致

16、，最后才能確定所填動詞的形式。,注意：,在確定謂語動詞的時態(tài)時, 我們可從三個方面來進行判斷： 1. 看句子中的時間狀語或時間狀語從句； 2. 在沒有時間狀語或時間狀語從句時,要看上下文的謂語動詞的形式；,3. 看是否是特殊的句型。如： was/were about to do.when.did It is/has been +時間段+since 從句(一般過去時) It had been +時間段+since 從句(過去完成時), It will be +時間段+since 從句(一般現(xiàn)在時) It/This/That is the first time that. have/has don

17、e. It/This/That was the first time that. had done., Hadly had +主語+done.when.did. No sooner had +主語+ done. than. did. 這樣的句型還有很多, 平時要注意積累。,1. If you dont like the drink you _(order) just leave it and try a different one.,靈活運用,根據(jù)此句意可知, “點飲料”已經(jīng)發(fā)生了,否則怎么知道自己不喜歡呢？所以空格處用一般過去時。,ordered,2. Ill go to the libra

18、ry as soon as I finish what I _ (do).,句意是：我一完成我做的工作就去圖書館。由于“去圖書館”用的是一般將來時,說明要完成的工作是“現(xiàn)在”正在做的事情, 故用現(xiàn)在進行時。,am doing,3. The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _ (give) in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.,根據(jù)句中的was worried about和everything was going on sm

19、oothly可知選用過去進行時。句意為：經(jīng)理擔(dān)心著他的助手代替他所舉辦的新聞發(fā)布會。但幸運的是，一切進展順利。,was giving,4. It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend) since I came to this school.,當(dāng)一個受最高級形容詞修飾的名詞受到定語從句的修飾時，該定語從句既可用一般過去時，也可用現(xiàn)在完成時，但由于其后接了一個since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，故空格處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在完成時。,have attended,5.In the last few years thousands of films _(prod

20、uce) all over the world.,時間狀語in the last few years通常要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。,have been produced,6. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they _ (receive) from China.,從時間上看, 應(yīng)該是先得到援助, 然后才表示感謝, 由于“表達”用的是一般過去時(expressed), 所以“得到援助”就應(yīng)用過去完成時（had received）。,had received,7. By the time Ja

21、ck returned home from England, his son _(graduate) from college. 顯然，兒子大學(xué)畢業(yè)在先, 杰克返回家在后。而“返回”家用的是一般過去時（returned）, 故兒子大學(xué)畢業(yè)要用過去完成時（had graduated）。,had graduated,8. Tom _(work) in the library every night over the last three months. 因over the last three months這類時間狀語通常通常與現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時連用。,has been working,9

22、. Tommy is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he _ _(save) enough for a used one.,表示到將來某時(next month) 為止預(yù)計要完成的情況, 英語要用將來完成。,10. Is everyone here？ Not yet. Look, there _ (come) the rest of our guests!,由于以here和there開頭引出的倒裝句通常只用于一般時態(tài), 又因為句子主語the rest of our guests為復(fù)數(shù), 故填come。,come,11. Barbar

23、a is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear) evening dress.,根據(jù)句意, 此處談的是一般情況, 要用一般現(xiàn)在時; 由于one of the women前有only修飾, 說明其后的定語從句是修飾one的, 而不是修飾women的, 所以定語從句中的謂語動詞要用單數(shù); 故填wears。,wears,12. Every few years, the coal workers _(have) their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.,根據(jù)句中的eve

24、ry few years(每隔幾年) 可知, 動作帶有經(jīng)常性和規(guī)律性,故用一般現(xiàn)在時。,have,13.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ (come) on the market in 1973. 主句用現(xiàn)在完成時, since引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時。 14.When you are home, give a call to let me know you _(arrive) safely. 根據(jù)常識, 說話人應(yīng)該是叫對方“已經(jīng)”到家后才打電話報平安, 故選現(xiàn)在完成時。,came,have arrived

25、,15.Up to now, the program _ (save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died.,短語up to now的意思是“到現(xiàn)在為止”,指從過去某時開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時間, 通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。,has saved,16. For many years, people _ (dream) of electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.,根據(jù)句意和句中的時態(tài)以及for many years(多年來

26、) 可知, 要用現(xiàn)在完成時。,have dreamed,17. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ (make) by scientists.,根據(jù)句意和空格后的介詞by可知, 空格處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài); 再根據(jù)句中的in the near future可知, 應(yīng)用一般將來時。,will be made,18.Experiments of this kind _ _(conduct) in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.,由于主語ex

27、periments(實驗)與動詞conduct (實施)之間為被動關(guān)系, 故謂語動詞應(yīng)用被動語態(tài); 又因為the Second World War為過去時間, 所以before the Second World War就是“過去的過去”, 因此用過去完成時。,19. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ (rescue) four days later.,由于“海軍士兵”與“營救”之間為被動關(guān)系, 故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài); 再根據(jù)four days later可知用一般過去時。,was rescued,20. All vi

28、sitors to this village _ (treat) with kindness.,根據(jù)句意可知, visitors (游客) 與treat(對待)之間為被動關(guān)系, 故用被動語態(tài); 由于句中沒有相應(yīng)的過去時間, 故用一般現(xiàn)在時。句意為: 所有來訪這個村莊的客人都會受到友好對待。,are treated,21.The church tower which _ _(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.,根據(jù)句中的.will be open to tourists soon (不久將對游客開放) 以及 The work is almost finished (工程差不多快結(jié)束了) 可知, the church tower的修復(fù)工程還正在進行, 故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。,22.This coastal area _(name) a national wildlife reserve last year.,由于this coastal area與name之間為被動關(guān)系, 再根據(jù)句中的last year可知, 用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。,was na