1、Lecture 7,教育話題,Report,It is said that peoples life now is becoming more and more stressful. What are the causes and how to solve it? 或者遇到這樣的字樣what is the reason, what is the affect ,what should our government do?,Report的結(jié)構(gòu),分四段。 第一段：引出來題，只是report文章不需要有什么觀點(diǎn)存在，只要說明現(xiàn)象就可以。 第二段，就要寫引起這件事的reason. 第三段：effect

2、了。就順著題目的問法一段段寫。 第四段：也就是how to solve it.,Argumentation 議論文的兩種結(jié)構(gòu),一邊倒結(jié)構(gòu)PK對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu) 辯論型題目的提問方式，一般有如下幾種： 1.(To what extent) do you agree or disagree? 2.What is your opinion? 3.What do you think? 4.What are the advantages and disadvantages of sth? 5.What are the benefits and drawbacks of sth? 6.Discuss both si

3、des and give your opinion.,一邊倒,在一邊倒結(jié)構(gòu)中,建議分五段.第一段:因?yàn)樵陬}目中一定會(huì)有提出兩方觀點(diǎn),所以在第一段的時(shí)候也要亮出雙方觀點(diǎn)(萬萬不可抄寫題目,要把題目的意思換個(gè)句式說法) 同時(shí)亮出你是同意或者不同意,或者是你的觀點(diǎn)是怎樣.通常第一段會(huì)有固定的模式,這樣看你自己的句套是怎樣設(shè)計(jì).第二段:要講你為什么支持你的這個(gè)觀點(diǎn).通常在這一段中會(huì)有5句話.第1句就是你為什么同意你這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的第一個(gè)理由(IDEA),第2句到第4句便是你這個(gè)IDEA的說明句.第5句便為這一小段的小總結(jié).第三段:寫你支持你這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的第二個(gè)IDEA,寫法同第二段.第四段:寫你支持你這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的

4、第三個(gè)IDEA,寫法同第二段.第五段:便是文章的結(jié)尾段.這一段中要再一次明確你的觀點(diǎn).,對(duì)稱式結(jié)構(gòu),第一段:用你的句套啦.但是記住,這里不用寫觀點(diǎn)了.只是對(duì)題目分析就OK了.第二段:可以寫你支持作者觀點(diǎn)的IDEA.寫法同上.第三段:便為反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)段.第四段便是一個(gè)總結(jié)了.,“對(duì)稱式結(jié)構(gòu)”雙方都說，“一邊倒結(jié)構(gòu)”只說一方。 “對(duì)稱式結(jié)構(gòu)”比“一邊倒結(jié)構(gòu)”可說的內(nèi)容多，更容易寫夠字?jǐn)?shù)。,怎么復(fù)習(xí),1.要了解雅思考題都會(huì)有怎樣的問法,熟練掌握各種問法所使用的結(jié)構(gòu)。 2.要自己想許多的IDEA。由上述段落寫法時(shí),大家可見通常一篇文章中都需要三個(gè)IDEA。所以沒有IDEA怎么才能支持你自己的觀點(diǎn)呢?文章會(huì)

5、沒有說服力的。 3.是要練好基本功,基本功怎么練？,voluntary euthanasia organ transplant 雅思的文章，它絕對(duì)不是簡(jiǎn)單的語言的堆砌。文章，它承載的是思路，承載的是思想。所以在寫文章之前，不要一味的去堆砌語言，應(yīng)該考慮一下你的想法，你的中心思想，你的邏輯思維。 If you do not think clearly, you can not write clearly.,教育應(yīng)該包括哪些內(nèi)容？,母題：It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development

6、 of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions? (050312) 提示：本題圍繞教育的兩大功能來展開（個(gè)人與社會(huì)），準(zhǔn)備好這篇文章，即可應(yīng)付教育類話題中的最大分支教育的功能，做到以不變應(yīng)萬變。對(duì)于社會(huì)角度，可以從促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、增加社會(huì)流動(dòng)性(social mobility)、維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定這幾個(gè)方面來展開，對(duì)于個(gè)人，可以寫改變思維模式、有利于就業(yè)和便利生活來寫。,教育的功能the functions of educa

7、tion,Home education: what do parents teach us? School education: what do schools teach us?,Home education: what do parents teach us?,pass down both academic knowledge and practical experience passionate love and the feeling of a true family Everything they sacrifice is derived from affection and the

8、 consciousness of responsibility. parents love is an incentive for us to study, work and overcome the troubles in life.,School education: what do schools teach us?,Agent of social control certain values such as, obedience, discipline, perseverance, respect and punctuality. Schools also teach us conf

9、ormity; it encourages us to be good and to be a law abiding citizen. hindrances towards individual development.,School education: what do schools teach us?,Modifying behaviour- Education helps to modify the past behaviour through learning and through different agencies of education. All-round develo

10、pment- Education aims at the all round development of children-physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual. adjustability , preparing for the future , completion of education,School education: what do schools teach us?,transmitting the dominant culture the young generation is exposed to the b

11、elief, norms and values that had long been exist on a particular culture. Education also serves to promote social and political integration. Educational institutions transfer the population that is composed of diverse ethnic and religious groups into a kind of society with people sharing at least a

12、common identity.,School education: what do schools teach us?,Education teaches us to give equal opportunities in all aspects irrespective of social status, creed, colour, sex and religion. Education helps to make rising generation to understand its rights and duties as citizens of a democratic count

13、ry. Education trains people for unity, not for locality, for democracy and not for dictatorship.,Education can be a real panacea for all social evils. The purpose of education: to become autonomous, creative and inquiring, have the will and intelligence to serve the society, create their own destiny

14、 Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance.,Current education in China,The existing education system, focus on the results, suppress childrens creativity, learning is considered as a tool to cope with exams, marks are the major standard to evaluate students capacity Explore students pote

15、ntial, do research, write papers, learn scientific method, sharpen their thinking capacity, challenge the authority,子題：大學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)教授理論知識(shí)還是實(shí)踐技能？大學(xué)的是應(yīng)當(dāng)把學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成合格的公民還是讓他們自己得益？準(zhǔn)備未來職業(yè)最好的方法是上大學(xué)還是盡快離校積累工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)？大學(xué)要不要擴(kuò)招？中學(xué)階段應(yīng)當(dāng)提供通才教育還是專才教育？要不要延長(zhǎng)義務(wù)教育年限？要不要讓農(nóng)村地區(qū)的學(xué)生更容易上學(xué)？老師要教學(xué)生如何判斷是非嗎？,Theoretical knowledge,a well-confirmed

16、 type of explanation of nature consistent with scientific method the most reliable, rigorous, and comprehensive form of scientific knowledge teaches the why. It helps people understand why one technique works and where another fails. It shows you the whole forest, builds the context, and helps you s

17、et strategy. set a direction for your future education. Theoretical knowledge can often lead to a deeper understand of a concept , understanding the why behind it.,Practical knowledge,acquire the specific techniques Genuine knowledge comes from practice . No practice, no gain in ones wit. Whats lear

18、ned from books is superficial after all. Its crucial to have it personally tested somehow. lead to a deeper understanding of a concept through the act of doing and personal experience Profound and impressive memory Solve specific problem,把學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成合格的公民還是讓他們自己得益?,Qualified citizen Education institutions

19、 Patriotic our compulsory curriculum observe disciplines and obey laws respect the old and cherish the young; NatureIsOurMother. Mother nature, aqualifiedcitizenrespectingandcaringfor natureforeverymoment.,擴(kuò)招,Enrollment expansion, expanding the scale of enrollment radically, Education Ministry the h

20、igher education quality deteriorated more than before, education resources, irresponsible for society, increasing peoples burden, which is contrary to the principle advocated by whole society- building harmonious society reducing social burden. side effects Has aroused debate its efficiency, efficac

21、y and equity.,擴(kuò)招,the expectation to stimulate domestic consumption and to ease the immediate pressure on the labor market the high public interest in and demand for higher education in Chinese society the political will of the Chinese government to develop higher education. reform its structure, cur

22、ricula, and administration. Ensure the excellence of higher education Possible declining of the quality if it is not accompanied by substantial increase in investment Rising college tuition, deny poor students the opportunity to receive,擴(kuò)招,Essential to economic development A better-educated citizen

23、is more productive. Narrow social inequality Contribute to the development of a more democratic society. Make informed political decisions Need more talented personnel to sustain rapid economic development Stimulate domestic consumption and promote growth in related industries All-around education,

24、discourage test-oriented,Liberal/general education,an approach to learning that empowers individuals and prepares them to deal with complexity, diversity, and change. provides students with broad knowledge of the wider world (e.g. science, culture, and society) as well as in-depth study in a specifi

25、c area of interest. A liberal education helps students develop a sense of social responsibility, as well as strong and transferable intellectual and practical skills such as communication, analytical and problem-solving skills, and a demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and skills in real-world s

26、ettings. disciplines,Liberal/general education,A general education was the best preparation for both work and life, arguing that it gives students the skills to be better citizens and better people. Besides providing a well-rounded course of study, a general education builds a foundation for more sp

27、ecialized study later. A general education can also impart skills-such as writing and critical thinking-that are valuable in nearly any workplace. Depending on the major subject, a general education can also provide practical preparation for the workplace.,Specialized education,a course of study foc

28、used on a particular subject. Specialized education is often focused on training to prepare students for the workplace. Vocationally oriented specialized education curricula can give the student a definite advantage in the job market. The very focused course of study, specialized education programs

29、often offer their students work-related experience. Specialized education programs can often be completed in a shorter time than general education programs, which can save a significant amount of money.,Gap year,a period of time in which people disengage from curricular education and/or work and und

30、ertake activities such as traveling, volunteering or working abroad. take a year off prior to attending tertiary education and choose to travel abroad unsure of their academic or financial direction and want to gain experience in the “real world” before making a big commitment,Gap year,a way to rech

31、arge your battery or to explore activities near home or afar that you never had time to experience before. a great way to get a breather from classrooms, tests, and homework assignments dissatisfied “gappers”,Gap year,Time off allows students time to think about their academic direction and professi

32、onal goals before jumping in with both feet. Work experience are great rsum-builders and can result in increased focus and maturityqualities that all competitive colleges like to see in prospective students. Working full time can help students save up for tuition and other college costs.,Gap year,Wa

33、tching friends and classmates move on to college before you can be disheartening. For students who fail to develop important habits, its easy to lose focus and fall out of the academic routine. Students who wait sometimes lose access to guidance counselors, peer support, and even scholarship resourc

34、es that they had fresh out of high school.,distance-learning programs,Many people use distance-learning programs (study material post, TV, Internet, etc.) to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit as much as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree

35、or disagree with this opinion? (041113, 081023, 100515),distance-learning programs,Convenience: internet, not based on some colleges annual or semester schedule. Flexibility: time, place Availability: Cost: cheaper, no travel expenses Self-directed: you set your own pace and schedule, so you control the learning environment. Not interrupting job, career,distance-learning programs,a good alternative for housewives who are not able to enroll into courses