1、概要寫作指導(dǎo),提供一篇350詞以內(nèi)的短文，要求考生基于該短文寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。閱卷時(shí)將主要考慮以下內(nèi)容： (1)對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況； (2)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性； (3)上下文的連貫性； (4)對(duì)各要點(diǎn)表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性情況。,評(píng)分原則 本題總分為25分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。 評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)所寫概要的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。 詞數(shù)少于40或多于80的，從總分中減去2分。 評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)主要從以下4個(gè)方面考慮： 拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)重要方面，評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。 書(shū)寫較差以致影響交際，可將分?jǐn)?shù)降

2、低一個(gè)檔次。,(1)對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況； (2)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性； (3)上下文的連貫性； (4)對(duì)各要點(diǎn)表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性情況。,Summary:,Summary is a short passage giving the main points of an original article.,What is a summary?,What should we pay attention to when we write a summary?,文體,時(shí)態(tài),人稱,主題,write a summary,記敘文,議論文,說(shuō)明文,概要寫作解題步驟： 一、區(qū)別文體，看清結(jié)構(gòu)； （文體+結(jié)構(gòu)

3、） 二、把握大意，找主題句； （大意+主題句） 三、分析段落，切中要點(diǎn)； （段落+要點(diǎn)） 四、同意置換，串句成文。 （置換+串聯(lián)）,閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. Nowadays, people sti

4、ll hold the same view. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all. In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accuratel

5、y in the morning than at any other time of the day. Additionally, if we get up early and do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier. That is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year.

6、We will also have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and

7、husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. What a harmonious scene! However, if we get up late, well probably have to do everything in a great hurry, making it in a mess. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit. If you are a late riser, you may find it diff

8、icult to form the habit of getting up early. You will have to make efforts to do so. If you want to get up early, sleeping earlier the night before expect to be successful. Besides, you can set your alarm clock or ask someone whom you know will be awake at that time to call you. If you stick to gett

9、ing up early every day, you will certainly benefit a lot from it.,reasons,topic/phenomenon,suggestions,體裁：_ 主題：_ 結(jié)構(gòu)：_,Step 1. Read for the topic and structure（確定體裁，明確主題及結(jié)構(gòu)）,Step 2. Explore for the key information of each paragraph (劃主題句,找關(guān)鍵信息),Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),Step 4. polish the passage (改良),

10、Write a summary with the steps& tips,Step 1. Read for the topic and structure（確定體裁，明確主題及結(jié)構(gòu)）,expository writing(說(shuō)明文),getting up early,topic() reasons() suggestions(),Step 2. Explore for the key information of each paragraph (劃主題句,找關(guān)鍵信息),Write a summary with the steps& tips,Getting up early is of grea

11、t importance to us all.,para.1:,para.2:,In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions.,para.3:,If we get up early and do some morning exercise, Without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier.,para.4:,We will also have enough time to make a pla

12、n and get ready for our work or study of the day ,para.5:,sleeping earlier the night before Besides, you can set your alarm clock or ask someone to call you.,Write a summary with the steps& tips,Getting up early is of great importance to us all.,para.1:,2. It is _.,1.Getting up early is of great _ t

13、o us all. /Getting up early is _ to us all.,3. Getting up early plays_ in our life.,4. We should attach great importance to getting up early./Great importance should be attached to getting up early.,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),significance,significant,important for us to get up early.,an important part,

14、Tips: 1). paraphrase with synonyms(同義詞) 2). rewrite sentence structure(改句型),Write a summary with the steps& tips,In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions.,para.2:,1. We are usually in the best conditions with _ of a day.,2.In the morning,we can learn more

15、 things because of the freshest air and peoples best conditions.,3. The reason is that morning is a fantastic time of a day to enjoy the freshest air and the experience of memorizing things quickly.,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),the freshest air,Write a summary with the steps& tips,para.3:,1. _we can be h

16、ealthier with the help of exercise.,If we get up early and do some morning exercise, Without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier.,2.We can be increasingly healthy by _in the morning.,3. Whats more, people who stick to physical exercise in the morning, thus, have stronger bodies.,

17、4. Getting up early to do some physical exercise can help us keep healthy.,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),There is no boubt that,working out,Write a summary with the steps& tips,para.4:,We will also have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day ,1.It enables us to _the day.

18、,2. Time will be _.,3. Whats more beneficial is that enough time can be got to make a plan for work or study of the day if we get up early.,4. Whats more, not only can we have much time to make a schedule but also make prepartions for our work and study.,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),5. And the most impor

19、tant thing is that getting up early can help us do everything in order and let us make good use of the limited time.,make good preparations for,enough for us to make preparations for the day.,Write a summary with the steps& tips,para.5:,sleeping earlier the night before Besides, you can set your ala

20、rm clock or ask someone to call you.,1.Sleeping ealier and setting an alarm clock or asking someone to call us are the _ for the late risers.,2.Finally, we should try some proper ways to make ourselves stick to getting up early, such as, sleeping earlier and setting an alarm clock or ask someone to

21、call us.,3. However, if you are a lazy man, why not make use of an alarm clock or ask someonr for help.,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),4. As a late riser, you can overcome it by sleeping early and setting an alarm clock or asking.,suggestions,Step 3. paraphrase (改寫),Write a summary with the steps& tips,Get

22、ting up early is of great importance to us all., the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions.,para.1:,para.2:,para.4:,para.5:,Without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier. Thats why do physical exercise,We will also have enough time to make a plan and get

23、 ready for our work or study of the day ,Getting up early is significant to us all.,We are usually in the best conditions with the freshest air of a day.,para.3:,We can be increasingly healthy by working out in the morning.,It enables us to make a good preparation for the day.,sleeping earlier the n

24、ight before Besides, you can set your alarm oclock or ask someone to call you.,Sleeping ealier and set an alarm clock or ask someone to call you are the suggestions for the late risers.,Step 4. polish (改良),Tip3: Polish with connectives(連接詞) to make it coherent(連貫).,Since ancient times, great importa

25、nce has been attached to getting up early. _, morning is a fantastic time to enjoy the freshest air and have a more accurate memory. _, people who stick to physical exercise in the morning will be in better health._, getting up early can enable us to make good preparations for the day. _, sleeping e

26、arlier and setting an alarm clock or turning to others are the suggestions for the late risers.,Since ancient times, great importance has been attached to getting up early. Firstly, morning is a fantastic time to enjoy the freshest air and have a more accurate memory. Secondly, people who stick to p

27、hysical exercise in the morning will be in better health. Finally, getting up early can enable us to make good preparations for the day. As a result, sleeping earlier and setting an alarm clock or turning to others are the suggestions for the late risers.,No standard answer Nowadays shyness is commo

28、n and there are several reasons. Firstly, many scientists believe shyness is genetic so that some people are born shy. Secondly, family size might result in shyness. Young children or the only child are more likely to be shy. Finally, the birth place may lead to shyness. People in Israel are less sh

29、y than people in Japan because of different attitudes to failure. To overcome shyness, scientists also give useful suggestions.,閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up ea

30、rly, we would be energetic the whole day. Nowadays, people still hold the same view. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all. In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day. Additionally, if we get up early and do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier. That is why m