1、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè),重點(diǎn)詞匯講練,寫作句型仿寫,基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè),1. _ adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的 _ adv. 簡(jiǎn)單地 _ vt. 簡(jiǎn)化 _ n. 簡(jiǎn)單化,一、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生,simplification,simple,simply,simplify,2. _ v. 操作; 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn); 動(dòng)手術(shù) _ n. 操作; 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn); 手術(shù) _ n. (電腦) 操作員; 接線員 3. _ n. 工藝; 科技; 技術(shù) _ adj. 技術(shù)的,technological,operate,operation,operator,technology,4. _ adj. 真實(shí)的 _ adv. 真正地; 事實(shí)上 _ n. 事實(shí);

2、真實(shí) _ v. 實(shí)現(xiàn); 意識(shí)到,realize,real,really,reality,5. _ n. 人 _ adj. 私人的；個(gè)人的 _ adv. 就個(gè)人而言; 親自,personally,person,personal,6. _ vi. 出現(xiàn)；顯得 _ vi. 消失 _ n. 外觀; 外貌; 出現(xiàn) _ n. 消失,disappearance,appear,disappear,appearance,1. He was _ (real) very happy when he _ (real) his dream to win the game.,(B)靈活運(yùn)用 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。,第一

3、空用來修飾形容詞happy, 用副詞; 第二空用來作謂語, 用動(dòng)詞。,really,realized,3. This question is too difficult for the children. I think wed better find a way to _ (simple) it. 根據(jù)前面的不定式符號(hào)to可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。,2. _ (person) speaking, I am satisfied with all the work you have done. 修飾動(dòng)詞speaking, 用副詞。,Personally,simplify,4. It is known to

4、all that personal _ (appear) is sometimes very important in finding a job. 由空前的形容詞personal可知應(yīng)填名詞。,5. After the failure of the _ (operate), the doctor felt guilty and resigned. 由定冠詞the及本句“the failure of +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 應(yīng)用名詞。,operation,appearance,1. _ 從時(shí)起 2. _ 結(jié)果 3. _ 如此以致 4. _ 畢竟; 終究,二、短語翻譯,after all,from

5、.on,as a result,so .that .,5. _ 在某種程度上 6. _ 在的幫助下 7. _ 處理；安排；對(duì)付 8. _ 看守；監(jiān)視,watch over,in a way,with the help of,deal with,9. _ 隨著時(shí)間的流逝 10. _ 從20世紀(jì)70年代以來 11. _ 到20世紀(jì)40年代為止 12. _ 跟某人分享某物,share sth. with sb.,as time goes by/with time going by,since the 1970s,by the 1940s,三、語篇填空,My first football compet

6、ition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago. Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA. We won 1 _(two) place. 2 _ (personal), I think the team that won first place 3 _ (cheat). They had developed a new type of program just 4 _the competition.,second,Personally,cheated,before,So we

7、need to encourage our 5 _ (program) to improve our intelligence too. We are determined to create an even 6 _ (good) system. In a way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while 7 _ (watch) human games. Then she prepares reliable moves to use 8 _ a

8、 new situation arises.,programmer,better,watching,if,In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. I would really like to play 9 _a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, 10

9、 _ (use) my intelligence is what Im all about!,against/with,using,1. second 由下句的won first place可知，作者是得了“第二”名，填序數(shù)詞。 2. Personally 放在句首，修飾全句，用副詞。 3. cheated 在think后的賓語從句的主語是the team，謂語就是cheat，指去年的那場(chǎng)比賽，故用一般過去時(shí)。 4. before 應(yīng)是在比賽前開發(fā)了一種新程序。 5. programmer 在形容詞性物主代詞后用名詞，表示“程序員”。,6. better 由even(更加)和語境可知，下決心編

10、出“更好的”系統(tǒng)。 7. watching 在“連詞+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子主語與分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過去分詞。因she與watch是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 8. if 表示“如果新的情況出現(xiàn)，她就準(zhǔn)備一些靠得住的動(dòng)作來使用”。 9. against/with 表示“同某人比賽”是play against /with sb.。 10. using 動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。,四、語段改錯(cuò),These changes only became possibly as my memory improved. First it is stored in tubes, then on trans

11、istors or later on very small chips. As a result of I totally changed my shape. As I have grown older I have also grown small.,Over time my memory has developed so many that, like an elephant, I never forget something I have been told! And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!,Bu

12、t I was always so alone standing there by myself, until in early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. I was able to share my knowledge with others in the World Wide Web.,1.possibly possible 系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語。 2.is was由 上文中的became和下文中的changed可知。 3.or and 表示先后變化過程，是并列而非選擇。 4.刪除As a result of

13、中的of 后面沒有賓語，不用介詞。 5.small smaller 由前面的older可知small用比較級(jí)。,6.many much 表示“變化這么大”，用developed so much。 7.something anything 否定句中用anything。 8.alonelonely 指“孤單的,寂寞的”。 9.在early 1960s前加the 習(xí)慣表達(dá)。 10.inthrough 表示方式“通過”。,重點(diǎn)詞匯講練,1sum n.總數(shù)；金額 vi.概括 vt總結(jié)；合計(jì) 例句 My family paid a large sum of money for my education我的

14、家庭為我的教育支付了一大筆錢。,sum up 總結(jié)；概括；總計(jì)達(dá)(to) in sum 簡(jiǎn)言之；總而言之 to sum up 總之；概括地說,聯(lián)想,運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。 The teacher _ (總結(jié)了他所說的) in the end _ (總而言之), no one can succeed without working hard.,To sum up/In sum,summed up what he said,2. explore vt. 目的; 球門; (進(jìn)球)得分 例句 Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of h

15、igh quality.不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。,搭配,scorekick a goal 得一分踢進(jìn)一球 win by three goals to one 以三比一獲勝 setachieve a goal設(shè)立實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) reachattain ones goal 達(dá)到實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo),運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 我們足球隊(duì)領(lǐng)先他們兩分。 Our football team leads them _. 你一旦設(shè)定目標(biāo)，就要努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。 Once youve _，youve got to work hard to _.,achieve/reach it,by two

16、 goals,set a goal,4. arise vi.出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生(appear；happen) 例句 Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.然后，她(程序員)準(zhǔn)備了可能的移動(dòng)方式以應(yīng)對(duì)新情況。,arise from/ out of因而造成/引起,搭配,運(yùn)用 Accidents often _ _ (起因于粗心).,arise from,carelessness,原句 As a result I totally changed my shape. 結(jié)果我完全改變了我的形狀。(B2P18),例句 H

17、e got up late. As a result, he was late for school. 他起晚了, 結(jié)果, 他上學(xué) 遲到了。,5. as a result結(jié)果 (短語副詞，不接任何詞，前后常有標(biāo)點(diǎn)),聯(lián)想,as a result of 由于的結(jié)果(短語介詞) result from(接原因)因而 result in(接結(jié)果)導(dǎo)致,運(yùn)用 填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或完成句子。 The earthquake broke out late at night_ (結(jié)果)，many people lost their lives when sleeping. He failed in the ex

18、am _ (由于的結(jié)果) his laziness,As a result,as a result of, Eating too much can result _ becoming fat Her illness results _ the flu,from,in,6. in a way 在某種程度上,例句 In a way the result was satisfactory. 從某種程度上看, 結(jié)果是令人滿意的。,原句 In a way our programmer is like our coach. 從某種程度上看, 我們的程序員就像是我們的教練。(B2 P23),聯(lián)想 完成下列短

19、語。 _ the way 障礙 _the way (to)在途中 _the way 順便說(問) _this way 通過這種辦法 _ no way 決不,in,on,by,in,in,7. deal with處理；對(duì)付；論述 例句 This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. 這意味著它應(yīng)該能夠打掃房間、拖地板、做飯以及處理來電。,運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 The meeting_ _ (將會(huì)處理這些問題). I don

20、t know_ _ (如何對(duì)付這些壞孩子). This book_ (論述音樂的).,deals with music,will deal with these,problems,how to deal with these,bad children,提醒,表示“如何處置”，do with與what連用，而deal with與how連用。如： 我不知道如何處理它。I dont know how to deal with it.或I dont know what to do with it.,8watch over 看守；監(jiān)視(be in charge of) 例句 It should also

21、 watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often. 它也應(yīng)該看管我調(diào)皮的侄女,她經(jīng)常來我家。 They were watched over by the policemen他們被警察監(jiān)視。,watch for 盼望或等待某事物 watch out 小心 (be careful；take care) watch out for=look out for 提防,聯(lián)想,運(yùn)用 將下列英文句子補(bǔ)充完整。 Youll have to _ the right moment The passengers were asked to _

22、 _ pickpockets (扒手),watch for,watch,out for, The farmers there use trained dogs to _ their sheep at night _! Theres a car coming.,Watch out,watch over,寫作句型仿寫,1. It takes+一段時(shí)間+before. 過了多久才,原句 I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by

23、Charles Babbage. 我發(fā)育緩慢, 差不多到了兩百年之后, 查爾巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。(B2P18),例句 It may take several years before a company can make money. 一個(gè)公司可能要幾年后才能盈利。,仿寫 (1)_ (過了很久才) the rain stopped.,It took a long time before,(2)_ (過了幾個(gè)月才) the bridge was finally built.,It took several months before,2. as time went by隨著時(shí)間的流逝,原句 As time went by, I was made smaller. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝, 我被做得更小。(B2P18),例句 As time went by (=With time going by) , people became more familiar with him and understood what he did. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝, 人們慢慢熟悉他并理解他所做的事了。,as time goeswent by可以和with time going by替換。,說明,運(yùn)