1、,Code: zhen2010,Lecture 3,King Alfred the Great and the Anglo-Saxon Kings (based on the Anglo-Saxon Period),Lecture 3,The Anglo-Saxon Struggle Against the Danes,The Vikings The Coming of Danes King Alfred the Great (r. 871-899 阿佛列大帝) He is often regarded as the first king of a united England. He def

2、eated the Danes at battles. Other Achievements of King Alfred,2,From Alfred to Elizabeth II 56 important monarchy figures passed through history. The Anglo-Saxon kings. The Danish Rule III. The Norman Kings IV. The Angevins (按茹王朝或Plantagenets金雀花王朝) V. The House of Lancaster,3,VI. The House of York V

3、II. The House of Tudor (都鐸王朝） VIII. The House of Stuart （斯圖爾特王朝） IX. The Interregnum and Cromwell X. The House of Hanover XI. House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha,4,5,The Warrior of Vikings,6,7,The Vikings Castle,8,King Alfred the Great (r. 871-899) p18,King Alfred of Wessex, a talented statesman and soldier

4、and the greatest figure in the history of Anglo-Saxon England, succeeded in pushing the Danes back. Alfred is often regarded as the first king of a united England. P84, 93, 97,9,King Alfred and the Witan ( the Royal Council),10,Alfred encouraged the translation of books from Latin into Anglo-Saxon.

5、Alfred inspired the beginning of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle He actively promoted education He promoted a reform of the monasteries. He directed a codification of the law.,11,Alfreds son, King Edward the Elder (II. r. 899-924) P20 He and his sons renewed the war against Danes. By the 954, the effort s

6、ucceeded at the Battle of Stainmore. England was united under the leadership of the royal house of Wessex.,p97 OFH,12,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,King Ethelstan (III. r.924-940) He was the son of Edward the Elder, and the grandson of the famous King Alfred the Great. He inherited the Kingdom of West Merci

7、a in A.D. 924. In 927 he invaded the Viking held areas of Northumberland, and claimed with some justification to be the first king of All England. p99,13,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,Edmund the Magnificent (IV 940-946) p20 He was the second son of King Edward the Elder. When his brother Ethelstan was kille

8、d by the enemy Edmund succeeded the throne.,P99, p100,14,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,Eadred (V. 946-955) He was the yougest son of King Edward the Elder. When his elder brother Edmund was stabbed into the stomach and died, he succeeded the throne and received submission both of the Northumbrians and Scots

9、.,p100,15,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,King Eadwig (VI. 955-959) He was the son of King Edmund after his uncle Eadred. He was called “All-Fair” by the common people for his great beauty. p104,16,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,King Edgar the Peace Maker (VII. 959-975) He was the youngest child of King Edmund. He was

10、 a good king but not overly religious. He had legendary stories with many beauties. After his death. He was revered as a saint.,P100, p104,17,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,King Edward the Martyr (VIII. 975-978) He was the son of King Edgar the Peaceable. He continued his fathers policy and, relying on St. D

11、unstan as an advisor, he supported to reform English monasteries and religious life.,p106 OFH,18,The Anglo-Saxon Kings,King Ethelred the Redeless (IX. 978-1016. 無(wú)頭腦王) He was the younger brother of King Edward the Martyr. He ordered his members of household to have murdered his elder brother Edward t

12、he Martyr.,P106 OFH,19,The Danish Rule,20,The Danish Rule,King Swein (X. 1013-1014) He succeeded his father as King of Denmark. He led the Danish fleet in a full-scale invasion and forced Ethelred to flee to Normandy and he claimed the English throne but he died a few months later.,p108 OFH,21,The D

13、anish Rule,King Cnut (XI. 1014-1035) He was the son of King Swein. After his fathers death he continued the effort to conquer England. He defeated Edmund Ironside (鐵甲王) and signed a treaty with Edmund dividing the Kingdom between them.,p108 OFH,22,The Danish Rule,King Harold Harefoot (XII. 1037-1040

14、) He was a illegitimate son of Cnut. On his fathers death he disputed the succession of his half brother Harthacnut to English throne.,p110 OFH,23,The Danish Rule,King Harthacnut (XIII. 1040-1042) He was the son of Cnut and the Elder brother of Harold Harefoot. Harolds death in 1040 allowed Harthacn

15、ut to take over the English throne peacefully. p110,24,8. The Anglo-Saxon Kings Restoration,King Edward the Confessor (XIV. 1042-1066) Edward was the son of Ethelred the Unready. He spent the first part of his life in Normandy. He was re-called to England by his half-brother Harthacnut. p110,25,The

16、Anglo-Saxon Kings Restoration,King Harold (XV. Jan,1066-Oct,1066) p117 He was the son of Earl Godwin of Wessex. The Childless King Edward the Confessor died after having named Harold Godwins son as his successor. Harold happened to be the last Anglo-Saxon king.,26,9. Anglo-Saxon Literature,27,Caedmo

17、n, a seventh-century poet and the first English poet Known by name. He was a Northumbrian herdsman who became a lay brother in the abbey of Whitby.,28,Beowulf, the oldest English epic, tells the story of a Scandinavian hero. Probably written in Northumbria in the early eighth century, it provides a

18、striking picture of early Germanic life. The earliest surviving manuscript of Beowulf was written in Saxon in the late tenth century. p73,29,The Manuscript of Beowulf,32,An evil dragon robbed the holly cup away and guarded the cup in his cave not allowing anyone to touch it.,33,Beowulf led his men to sail across the sea to find the holly cu