1、Unit 2 Witnessing time 見證時(shí)間（歷史 ）,The Colosseum, Rome, Italy, built in the first century.,The Colosseum 羅馬圓形大劇場(chǎng) （斗獸場(chǎng)）,建于公元72至82年間由4萬名戰(zhàn)俘用8年時(shí)間建造起來的，現(xiàn)僅存遺跡。斗獸場(chǎng)專為野蠻的奴隸主和流氓們看角斗而造?，F(xiàn)在雖只剩下大半個(gè)骨架，但其雄偉之氣魄、磅礴之氣勢(shì)猶存。斗獸場(chǎng)平面呈橢圓形，占地約2萬平方米，外圍墻高57米，相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)代19層樓房的高度。底層的第一區(qū)是皇帝和貴族的座席，第二層為羅馬高階層市民席，第三層則為一般平民席，再往上就是大陽臺(tái)，一般觀眾只能在此處站

2、著觀看表演了。場(chǎng)內(nèi)看臺(tái)共可容納觀眾5萬多人，底層地面有80個(gè)出入口，可確保在15分鐘至30分鐘內(nèi)把場(chǎng)內(nèi)5萬觀眾全部疏散離場(chǎng)。斗獸場(chǎng)的建筑師究為何人，現(xiàn)在還是個(gè)未知數(shù)。,Classical gardens of Suzhou, China, built between the 11th and 19th centuries.,Angkor Wat, a temple complex built in Cambodia in the 12th century.,吳哥窟又稱吳哥寺，位在柬埔寨西北方。原始的名字是Vrah Vishnulok，意思為“毗濕奴的神殿”。中國(guó)古籍稱為“桑香佛舍”。它是吳哥古

3、跡中保存得最完好的的廟宇，以建筑宏偉與浮雕細(xì)致聞名于世，也是世界上最大的廟宇。,Angkor Wat （柬埔寨的吳哥窟）,St Basils Cathedral, Moscow, Russia. Built between 1555 and 1560.,圣巴塞爾大教堂約建于1550年至1560年，是伊凡雷帝為紀(jì)念將喀山公國(guó)和阿斯特拉罕合并，并將其征服為俄羅斯國(guó)領(lǐng)域而建造的。圣巴塞爾教堂主要由9個(gè)高高的塔樓組成，都是尖頂形成 。教堂除中心樓之外，面向四個(gè)不同的方位各建一座尖塔，并在每?jī)蓚€(gè)方位之間各建造一座小塔，每個(gè)小塔頂部都立有一個(gè)穹頂。這些穹頂是沿襲拜占庭建筑風(fēng)格，但又做了特殊處理，淺圓頂改成

4、坡度很陡的形式，像是一個(gè)美味的冰激凌，又似一個(gè)個(gè)小洋蔥，形象優(yōu)美。圣巴塞爾大教堂塔形的設(shè)計(jì)意在減少穹頂頂部面積，以免冬季的積雪給穹頂造成重壓。教堂建成后，人們又在它的外部以彩色裝飾，這些建筑師精心設(shè)計(jì)過的圓頂為教堂增添了不少風(fēng)采，呈現(xiàn)出濃郁的童話色彩。,St Brasils Cathedral 莫斯科的圣巴塞爾教堂,填空（每空限填一詞）,All of the above constructions can be called cultural heritage sites (文化遺產(chǎn)). 1._the fast development of the modern world, people a

5、re more and more aware 2._ the need to preserve their cultural heritages. Nowadays, many historic sites have been damaged, 3. _(leave) only part of the ruins. The Ruins of Yuanmingyuan are located 4._the suburbs of Beijing to the north-west of Qinghua University. Yuanmingyuan dates back 5._the Qing

6、Dynasty. It has the reputation of being the garden of gardens. Unfortunately, it was destroyed in 6. fire. Our government has taken measures to repair it 7._much restoration work still needs to be done. From my point of view, historic sites reflect the history and culture of a particular period, 8.

7、_helps people remember 9._has happened before so that they will not forget the past.,All of the above constructions can be called cultural heritage sites (文化遺產(chǎn)). 1.with the fast development of the modern world, people are more and more aware 2.of the need to preserve their cultural heritages. Nowada

8、ys, many historic sites have been damaged, 3. leaving (leave) only part of the ruins. The Ruins of Yuanmingyuan are located 4.in the suburbs of Beijing to the north-west of Qinghua University. Yuanmingyuan dates back 5.to the Qing Dynasty. It has the reputation of being the garden of gardens. Unfort

9、unately, it was destroyed in 6. a fire. Our government has taken measures to repair it 7.and much restoration work still needs to be done. From my point of view, historic sites reflect the history and culture of a particular period, 8. which helps people remember 9.what has happened before so that t

10、hey will not forget the past.,Reading The Acropolis now 今日衛(wèi)城,When was the Acropolis built? 2. What was the Acropolis made of? 3. Who gave the Acropolis its World Heritage listing?,In the 5th century BC.(21),It was made of marble.(44),UNESCO.(98),Fast reading,Careful reading,Lets read the passage a s

11、econd time and finish Exercise C1.,In which fields did the Greeks make contributions to Western civilization?,In philosophy, science, mathematics, art, architecture, theatre, politics and sport.,2. Where was the Acropolis built? Why?(no more than 20 words),On the hill called the Sacred Rock in the c

12、entre of the city. Because it was convenient for everyone to get to and could be seen from every part of the city.,3. How have so many ancient monuments been damaged? (no more than 10 words),Partly by natural forces and partly by man.,4. What was the last major destruction done to the Acropolis by m

13、an? (no more than 8 words),The theft of many best sculptures in 1801./ That many best sculptures were stolen in 1801.,5. What is the aim of the committee set up in 1975?(no more than 10 words),To undertake the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis.,6. Why is the committee undertaking e

14、ducational work?(翻譯),Because they believe that the prevention of damage from ignorance and from people not caring about protecting the monument is very important.,因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為，對(duì)由于有些人不知道如何保護(hù)遺址或不注意保護(hù)遺址而導(dǎo)致的毀壞加以預(yù)防意義重大。,7. What would happen if people did not learn about damage prevention?,More important histor

15、ic buildings would be damaged.,Part C2,Part C2,從文中找出以下詞組：,1. 對(duì)有影響 2. 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)；是的起因 3. 取得進(jìn)展 4. 西方文明 5. 尤其，特別 6. 將和聯(lián)系起來 7. 為了紀(jì)念，向表示敬意 8. 自然力量 9. 后者 10. 奪取對(duì)的控制權(quán),1. 對(duì)有影響have an impact on 2. 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)；是的起因 be responsible for 3. 取得進(jìn)展 make advances 4. 西方文明 western civilization 5. 尤其，特別in particular 6. 將和聯(lián)系起來 associat

16、e A with B 7. 為了紀(jì)念，向表示敬意 in honour of 8. 自然力量 natural forces 9. 后者 latter 10. 奪取對(duì)的控制權(quán) seize the control of,11. 引起大爆炸 12. 被轉(zhuǎn)移到 13. 展出 14. 被公認(rèn)為 15. 實(shí)施，開展 16. 開始認(rèn)真努力地做 17. 造成損害 18. 為做準(zhǔn)備 19. 有序地；有組織地 20. 保護(hù)免受,11. 引起大爆炸cause a huge explosion 12. 被轉(zhuǎn)移到be transferred to 13. 展出be on display 14. 被公認(rèn)為 be recog

17、nized as 15. 實(shí)施，開展 carry out 16.開始認(rèn)真努力地做 begin serious effort to do 17. 造成損害 cause damage 18. 為做準(zhǔn)備 be in preparation for/prepare for 19. 有序地；有組織地 in a very organized way 20. 保護(hù)免受 protect.from.,Exercises,Choose the correct answer. 1. The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, _is the maratho

18、n, _ is a long distance race. A. so; which B. which; that C. what; which D. so; it 2. For a period of about 300 years (from 650 to 323 BC), the Greek civilization _advances in various fields that have influenced the world for more than 2,500 years already, and_to do so. A. made; will continue B. has

19、 made; will continue C. had made; will continue D. made; have continued,A,A,Exercises,3. In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens, the greatest symbol _ is the Acropolis. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 4. Unfortunately,some of the construction tha

20、t_over the following 100 years was not very successful. A. carried out B. were carried out C. has carried out D. was carried out,B,D,Exercises,5. 1975,a committee was established to_the complete,professional restoration of the Acropolis. A. recognize B. seize C. conduct D. preserve 6. The committee

21、is also undertaking important educational work based on the consensus of the members _ the best form of conservation is the prevention of damage. A. that B. which C. who D. what,C,A,Word power,Unit 2,Greek in English 英語中的希臘語,borrowed words from Greek,science,prefixes suffixes,sport,technology bicycl

22、e television plastic,前綴：anti- auto- bio- kilo- micro 后綴：-ism -ist -ize -phone -scope,gymnasium athlete stadium marathon,borrowed words from Greek,music theatre,others,theatre tragedy comedy music orchestra chorus choir,pyramid mechanic museum ocean mystery photo democracy,Academic subjects,Arts and

23、Humanities,science,Philosophy Geography Economics Theology Politics History,Arithmetic Mathematics Biochemistry Geology Astronomy Geometry Physics Chemistry Biology,In our academy, we teach many subjects, concentrating _ the Arts, Humanities and Science. _ the field of literature, our students read

24、and write poetry and participate in drama production _ are performed in our state-of-the-art theatre. Students are encouraged to sing in school chorus and to play in our orchestra. Musical instruments are available_ hire. Parents are invited to attend all productions. We consider it very important _

25、 students understand the past, so History is _ compulsory subject. _ the same way, we insist that students learn about different countries of the world, and about natural resources and so on, so for the first three years, Geography is also compulsory. We also want students to understand the way fina

26、ncial systems around the world work, so we encourage them to study Economics although this subject is not compulsory. _ regards to Science, we cover most subjects such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology. We also offer specialized courses in the field of Technology including Computer Science.,Task wri

27、ting a letter about the Tower of London 寫有關(guān)倫敦塔的一封信,Skills building 1: listening for discourse markers (聽演講辭中的話語標(biāo)記詞),Of all the colors, I like green best. There are a variety of reasons for this. It is often associated with nature. Green is thought of as a cold color which may help people calm down.

28、This magical color can also help you feel comfortable. If you feel tired of working or studying, by focusing on some green trees, your eyes will have a good rest.,Of all the colors, I like green best. There are a variety of reasons for this. First of all, It is often associated with nature. In addit

29、ion, green is thought of as a cold color which may help people calm down. Apart from these, this magical color can also help you feel comfortable. For example, if you feel tired of working or studying, by focusing on some green trees, your eyes will have a good rest.,Discourse markers 話語標(biāo)記,Discourse

30、 markers 話語標(biāo)記,Step 1: listening to a radio programme about Tower of London, write down the discourse markers you have heard.,Write down the discourse markers you hear at the beginning of each new section.,in fact,to get back to,the next important point,well,nevertheless,a second,moreover,another,a f

31、ourth,the final function,in fact,Step 2: lets learn more things about the tower of London. Listen to the radio programme again and complete the following sentences with no more than three words.,1. The tower of London is one of the most famous and _ historic buildings in the world. 2. It was built _

32、 years ago and it is actually _ of buildings surrounded by walls. 3. The soldiers who look after the Tower also act as _. 4. _ first used the site over 2000 years ago. 5. In _ the Norman Duke William built the Tower to _ himself from the English people. 6. The second function of the Tower was that o

33、f _. Later, it was used as a place for _ weapons. 7. Once part of the Tower was used to keep _ including lions, which were_ from visitors. 8. In fact, the _ of the Tower is the Jewel House, where the _ royal jewels are kept.,1. The tower of London is one of the most famous and _ historic buildings i

34、n the world. 2. It was built _ years ago and it is actually _ of buildings surrounded by walls. 3. The soldiers who look after the Tower also act as _. 4. _ first used the site over 2000 years ago. 5. In _ the Norman Duke William built the Tower to _ himself from the English people. 6. The second fu

35、nction of the Tower was that of _. Later, it was used as a place for _ weapons. 7. Once part of the Tower was used to keep _ including lions, which were_ from visitors. 8. In fact, the _ of the Tower is the Jewel House, where the _ royal jewels are kept.,well-preserved,900,a complex of,tour guides,T

36、he Romans,1066,protect,prison,storing and making,wild animals,gifts,most popular part,precious,Step 3: listening to an interview about the layout(規(guī)劃，布局，陳列物品) of the Tower of London, fill in the table on page 27.,the people,water,pulled up,twenty-two,churches,soldiers,Wardrobe服裝,jewels,Part C Reading: read and answer the following questions.,1. w