1、Grammar (2),Reported speech with tense changes,直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系,陳述句變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)的賓語從句,1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. 3. She said, “I will come today.”,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,She said that she would go that day.,當(dāng)

2、主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時時, 從句的_, _, _等要作出變化.,人稱,時態(tài),時間狀語,間接引語的結(jié)構(gòu)：,主句 + 引導(dǎo)詞+ 從句,一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 一般過去時 過去完成時 一般將來時 can may must will,謂語結(jié)構(gòu),He said , “I am afraid I cant finish my homework.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish his homework.,He said , “I am doing my homework.”,He said that he was dong his

3、 homework.,She said , “I have not heard from him since May.”,She said that she had not heard from him since May.,一般現(xiàn)在時- 一般過去時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時-過去進(jìn)行時,現(xiàn)在完成時-過去完成時,時態(tài), 人稱變化:,He said , “I was ill .”,He said that he had been ill .,He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”,He said that he had finished his

4、 homework before supper.,Zhou Lan said , “I will do it after class.”,Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.,一般過去時-過去完成時,過去完成時-過去完成時,一般將來時-過去將來時,如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時態(tài)，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)通常要作相應(yīng)的變化。時態(tài)變化的一般規(guī)則如下表：,直接引語 間接引語 一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 一般過去時 過去完成時 一般將來時 can may must will,一般過去時,過去進(jìn)行時,過去完成時,過去完成

5、時,過去完成時,過去將來時,could,might,had to,would,1、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，賓語 從句的謂語動詞可以用所需要的任何一種時態(tài)。 2、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，賓語從句的謂語 動詞要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，但當(dāng)賓語從句敘述的內(nèi)容 為客觀真理時，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。 e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.,注 意：,指示代詞, 時間狀語,地點狀語和動詞的變化,She said , “I will come this morning.”,She said she would go t

6、hat morning.,He said , “These books are mine.”,He said , “It is 9 oclock now.”,He said those books were his.,He said it was 9 oclock then.,He said , “I havent seen her today.”,She said ,”I went there yesterday.”,She said , “I will go there tomorrow.”,He said he hadnt seen her that day.,She said she

7、had gone there the day before.,She said she would go there the following / next day.,He said , “My sister was here three days ago.”,She said , “I will come here this evening.”,He said his sister had been there three days before.,She said she would go here that evening.,直接引語 間接引語 now today tonight th

8、is morning/ week tomorrow yesterday last month ago,then,that day,that night,that morning/ week,the following day / the next day,the day before,the month before, before,e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how they c

9、ould get to the post-office.,從句一定要保持陳述句句序,一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f (whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,e.g. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall.,1.

10、 “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 2. “How can I get to the station?” Mary asked her teacher. 3. “Where did you see the suspect ? ” Detective Lu asked. 4. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Mary asked her teacher how she could get to the station.,Detective Lu asked whe

11、re I had seen the suspect.,They asked where Tom was.,將下列句子合并為一句: 5. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 6. What will you speak at the meeting? Tom asked me . 7. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 8. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 9. “I will come back.” Tom said. 10. “Is he doin

12、g his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Tom asked me what I would speak at the meeting.,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,The radio says it _ c

13、loudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his c

14、lass that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be).,will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the