1、成才之路 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版 必修5,Great Scientists,Unit 1,Section Learning about Language,.單詞拼寫 1They thought he had escaped through a specially _ (建造) tunnel. 2I believe that each of us can c_ to the future of the world. 3The _ (煙火) exploded in a shower of sparks. 4These two accidents are closely _ (

2、連接) together. 5The old man was laid up with a s_ stroke. 6The hot weather is partly to _ (譴責(zé)，責(zé)備) for the water shortage.,constructed,ontribute,firework,linked,evere,blame,7The President is preparing to _ (宣布) his new plan on Tuesday. 8No one could _ (預(yù)見) his future accurately.,announce,foresee,.選擇合適

3、的詞或短語完成句子 1Considering that she did her work as her manager had _ it was improper to criticize her. 2The _ of the two new railway lines has been completed by now. 3_ the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.,instructed,construction,Apart from,4Our athletes had won the most g

4、old medals at 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games, and my colleagues shot _ to celebrate it. 5Dwelling Narrowness has succeeded in getting across much to the audience, which has _ to its success.,fireworks,contributed,1.contribute v. (1)(sth.)(to/towards sth.)捐獻(xiàn)、捐贈(尤指款或物)，捐助 The writer personally contributed

5、 $50,000 to the earthquake fund. 那位作家親自捐贈了5萬美元給地震基金。 Would you like to contribute to our collection? 你愿意給我們的募捐捐款嗎？,(2)(to sth.)是的原因之一 Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death. 據(jù)說醫(yī)務(wù)人員的玩忽職守是她死亡的原因之一。 Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎？ (3)(sth.)to sth.增加，增進(jìn)，添加(到某物) He

6、r work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的工作極有助于我們對這個困難問題的了解。,(4)(sth.)(to sth.)(為報紙、雜志、電臺或電視節(jié)目)撰稿，投稿 She has contributed (several poems) to literary magazines. 她給文學(xué)刊物投了(幾首詩)稿。,圖解助記 contribute多層含義 Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contribu

7、ted to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper. 好多人給那個可憐的孩子捐錢，使他可以重返校園。一位作家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的故事并把它投到了報社。,contribution n. C捐款；捐資 All contributions will be gratefully received. 我們對所有捐資表示感謝。 C, usually sing.貢獻(xiàn)；促成作用 These measures would make a valuable contrib

8、ution towards reducing industrial accidents. 這些措施將會對減少工業(yè)事故起重要作用。,知識拓展,U捐助；捐贈；(尤指)捐款 We rely entirely on voluntary contribution. 我們?nèi)孔栽妇杩睢?活學(xué)活用 (1)用恰當(dāng)介詞填空 Maintaining peace and stability of the South China Sea and the East China Sea will certainly contribute_a more prosperous AsianPacific area. 答案：to

9、句意：維持中國南海和中國東海的和平穩(wěn)定，一定會使亞太地區(qū)更加繁榮?？疾閯釉~短語。contribute to促成，導(dǎo)致，符合語境。,(2)完成句子 他對太空發(fā)展計劃已經(jīng)作出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。 _ _ _ _ _ _ the space development programme. 答案：He has made great contributions to,2construction n建設(shè)；建筑物；結(jié)構(gòu) The new airport is still under construction. 新機場仍在修建中。 This is a fine construction. 這是一座完美的建筑。 A lea

10、rners dictionary should give both the meanings of words and examples of the constructions in which they are used. 學(xué)生詞典應(yīng)該既提供詞語的含義，又舉出應(yīng)用這些詞語的結(jié)構(gòu)的例子。 注意：under construction為固定用法，意思是“修建中”。,知識拓展 construct v. (1)建設(shè)，修建 The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed from 1933 to 1937. 金門橋建于1933至1937年間。 It took them t

11、wo years to construct the building. 他們用了兩年時間建這座大樓。,(2)創(chuàng)立(學(xué)說等)，構(gòu)(詞)，造句 He constructed a theory with his colleagues. 他與他的同事合作創(chuàng)立了一種學(xué)說。 I have not hesitated to construct arguments in its support. 我毫不躊躇地構(gòu)思一些支持它的論據(jù)。,活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)介詞填空 Besides a bridge _ construction, the construction of the freeway goes well. 答

12、案：under句意：除了一座正在建造中的橋，這條高速公路的建設(shè)進(jìn)展順利。under construction“正在建造中”，是固定短語。,3inspire v. (1)sb.(to sth.)|sb. to do sth.激勵，鼓舞 His superb play inspired the team to a thrilling 50 win. 他的出色表現(xiàn)使球隊士氣大振，以50大獲全勝。 Such a development inspired us to work still harder. 這一發(fā)展鼓舞我們更努力地工作。,(2)賦予靈感，激發(fā)想法(尤指藝術(shù)的或虛構(gòu)的)；啟發(fā)，啟示 His

13、noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts. 他那高尚的榜樣激發(fā)我們大家更加努力。 His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. 他最好的樂曲創(chuàng)作靈感來自對他母親的懷念。,(3)sb.(with sth.)|sth.(in sb.)使產(chǎn)生(感覺或情感) The falling leaves inspired her with sadness. The falling leaves inspired sadness in her. 落葉觸動了她的傷感。 His

14、 encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me. His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence. 他的一番鼓勵激起了我的信心。,Its an inspired work of art. 這是一件得自靈感的藝術(shù)作品。 He is an inspired poet. 他是一位富于靈感的詩人。,(1)inspired adj.品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的，能力卓越的，借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的 (2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，激勵的，啟發(fā)靈感的,知識拓展,The inspiring music acted o

15、n the emotions of the students. 那激昂的音樂使學(xué)生們情緒激昂。 The songs we heard last night were most inspiring. 昨晚我們聽的歌曲很令人鼓舞。,活學(xué)活用 完成句子 我希望這次成功能激勵你更加努力。 I hope this success will_ _ _greater efforts. 答案：inspire you to,1.apart from除之外；此外 Apart from my parents, I have no one to believe in. 除了我父母，我誰也不相信。(not includ

16、ing my parents) Apart from the cost, we need to think about how much time the job will take. 除了成本之外，我們還需要考慮這份工作要用多少時間。(including the cost),比較網(wǎng)站 in addition，besides，except，except for，apart from dressed (穿著的)；drunk (喝醉的)；experienced (有經(jīng)驗的)；gone (遺失的)；lost (丟失的)；worried (擔(dān)憂的)；interested (感興趣的)；tired (疲

17、勞的)；pleased (高興的); satisfied (滿意的); surprised (吃驚的); married (已婚的)；known (著名的)等。,知識拓展2 1)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，說明主語的性質(zhì)和特征；與主語(往往是物)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，譯作“令/使人的”。 The story is interesting and I am interested in it. 這故事很有趣，我很感興趣。 The problem is confusing so the pupils are confused about it. 這個問題很迷惑，因此學(xué)生們感到很困惑。,2)動名詞作表語是對主語內(nèi)

18、容的解釋，主語與表語位置可以互換，動名詞常用于口語中。 His work is cleaning all the windows of the company every day. 他的工作就是每天把公司的窗戶擦干凈。 What they are worried about is being left behind. 他們所擔(dān)心的是被落在后面。,3)不定式作表語，一般緊跟在系動詞be, seem, remain, appear, get的后面，用來說明主語的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)主語為名詞dream, business, wish, idea, plan, job, work, task, duty時，表語

19、也常用不定式，不用動名詞。 The aim is not just to keep busy. 其目的不僅是為了使每個人不閑著。 He appears to want to leave. 他看來要走。,知識拓展3 1)過去分詞作表語通常用來描寫情景，敘述人或事物的特征及所處的狀態(tài)；而被動語態(tài)強調(diào)動作，重點說明動作由誰完成、怎樣完成。試比較： My glasses are broken. 我的眼鏡碎了。(狀態(tài)) My glasses were broken by my son. 我的眼鏡被我兒子摔碎了。(動作) The library is closed. 圖書館關(guān)門了。(系表結(jié)構(gòu)),The l

20、ibrary is often closed at 6：30 in the afternoon. 圖書館通常在下午6：30關(guān)門。(被動語態(tài)) 2)有些過去分詞用作表語，接近被動結(jié)構(gòu)。 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 這座城三面環(huán)山。 Im pleased with(by/at)what you said just now. 聽了你剛才的話，我很高興。,高考真題鏈接 用詞語的恰當(dāng)形式填空 1(2015陜西卷改編)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee

21、was very happy to see his mother _ (take)good care of at home. 答案：taken句意：在非洲醫(yī)療援助兩年回來后，Dr. Lee很高興看見媽媽被照顧得很好。his mother和take care of是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓語補足語，所以填taken。,2(2015江蘇卷改編)Much time_(spend)sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 答案：spent句意：上班族們坐在辦公桌前太久，一般會受到健康問題的困

22、擾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，分詞的邏輯主語和后面主句的主語不一致，應(yīng)用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞主語和分詞動作之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且動作已完成，故用過去分詞。,3(2015重慶卷改編)_(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to become a football star. 答案：Raised句意：他在格拉斯哥最窮的地方長大，要想成為足球明星還有很長的路要走。根據(jù)句意可知raise這個動詞的主語是he，他在這個地方長大，兩者之間是動賓關(guān)系，故填raised。,4(2014安徽卷改編)While waiting

23、for the opportunity to get_(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 答案：promoted本題考查的非謂語動詞的固定搭配“get過去分詞”，如“get burnt”被燙傷，get paid獲得報酬；本句中的get promoted獲得提拔。句意：在等待著被提拔的機會的時候，Herry全力以赴地盡好自己的責(zé)任。,5(2014福建卷改編)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are importan

24、t in staying_(connect) 答案：connected系動詞stay/get后面經(jīng)常接過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞，如get paid獲得報酬。get burnt被燙傷；本句中的stay connected保持聯(lián)系。句意：對于那些家人在遠(yuǎn)方的人，電腦和電話在和家人保持聯(lián)系方面是很重要的。,6(2014重慶卷改編)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_(return)to our shop for quality problems. 答案：returned本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：生產(chǎn)商定期來收集因質(zhì)量問題而退回商店的相機

25、。returned為過去分詞，在句中修飾名詞cameras，相機與退回為被動關(guān)系，故填returned。,7(2014北京卷改編)There are still many problems _(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 答案：to be solved考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據(jù)主語problems和solve之間的邏輯關(guān)系和從句的內(nèi)容可知，這些問題還沒有得到解決，故應(yīng)用不定式表示還未發(fā)生的動作。句意：在準(zhǔn)備好長期待在月球上之前我們還有許多問題需要解決。,8(2014浙江卷改編)Amie Salmon, disab

26、led, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _(appoint)to guard her. 答案：appointed考查非謂語動詞。句意：Amie Salmon，殘疾，委派一位護(hù)士全程陪她上學(xué)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是nurse后的定語；appoint與nurse之間為動賓關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞作定語。,專項練習(xí) 1In some languages,100 words make up half of all words_(use)in daily conversations. 答案：used考查非謂語動詞。句意：在一些語言中，100

27、個單詞占據(jù)了日常對話中所使用的單詞的一半。words后用非謂語動詞作定語，words與use之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。,2You cannot accept an opinion _(offer)to you unless it is based on facts. 答案：offered考查過去分詞短語作后置定語。句意：你無法接受任何觀點，除非它以事實為基礎(chǔ)。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，opinion需要定語，且offer與opinion之間為動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。,3Let those in need _(understand)that we will go all out

28、 to help them. 答案：understand考查非謂語動詞。句意：讓那些困境中的人們理解我們會盡全力幫助他們的。let sb. do sth.讓某人做某事?！叭尅眑et、have、make表示“讓某人做某事”時后面要接不帶to的不定式作賓補。 4The airport_(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area. 答案：to be completed考查非謂語動詞的用法。complete與airport之間為動賓關(guān)系而且根據(jù)next year可知動作尚未發(fā)生，故填to be completed。,5Toda

29、y there are more airplanes _(carry)more people than ever before in the skies. 答案：carrying考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在天空中比以前有更多的飛機搭載乘客。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是there be結(jié)構(gòu)，主語more airplanes后接了非謂語動詞；并且，airplanes與carry之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。,6The question was so difficult to answer, and the students looked _(puzzle) 答案：puzzled句意：這個問題很難回答

30、，學(xué)生們看起來都迷惑不解。過去分詞puzzled與連系動詞look構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示一種狀態(tài)，puzzled已形容詞化，look puzzled“看起來迷惑”?，F(xiàn)在分詞作表語常說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征等；不定式作表語表示將來或主語的具體內(nèi)容。,7The design _(appeal)to all the ages and social groups is not easy to make. 答案：appealing句意：吸引各年齡段和社會群體的設(shè)計不容易做。the design與appeal to之間是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語。 8In 1938, Pearl Buck beca

31、me the first American woman _(receive)the Nobel Prize for Literature. 答案：to receive句意：1938年，賽珍珠是第一個獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的美國女作家。由序數(shù)詞修飾的詞后，非謂語動詞只能用不定式作定語。,9The news that he told us yesterday was _(encourage) 答案：encouraging句意：他昨天告訴我們的消息令人鼓舞。此題中news與encourage之間是主動關(guān)系，且表示news的性質(zhì)和特征，故用現(xiàn)在分詞encouraging，表示“令人鼓舞的”。 10With the governments aid, those _(affect)by the earthquake have moved into the new settlements. 答案：affected句意：在政府的幫助下，那些受地震影響的人已經(jīng)搬進(jìn)了新的居住區(qū)。分詞作定語時，其邏輯主語是被修飾詞。those與affect之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。,.單詞拼寫 1Work has been begun on the c_ of the new airport. 2This book c_ to our understandi