1、,noun clause,一. 什么叫“名詞性從句”？,名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞,主語,his job is important.,what he does is important.,表語,this is his job.,this is what he does every day.,賓語,i dont like his job.,i dont like what he does every day.,同位語,i dont know about the man, mr. white.,i dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,相關(guān)

2、概念,1.名詞的句法作用：名詞在句中主要作 主語,賓語,表語和同位語。 2.名詞性從句： 在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹?語、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當(dāng),這個句子就叫: 名詞性從句。,賓語從句 object clause,表語從句 predicative,主語從句 subject clause,同位語從句 appositive clause,名詞性從句 noun clause,主語從句,同位語從句,表語從句,賓語從句,1.when we will start is not clear. 2.mrs black wont believe that her son has be

3、come a thief. 3. my idea is that we should do it right now. 4.i had no idea that you were her friend.,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,二、 判斷下列從句類型,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連接詞：that, whether, if 連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 連接副詞：when, where, how, why,1.主語從句：在句中充當(dāng)主語成分,1). that he wi

4、ll succeed is certain . 2) whether he will go there is not known . 3) what he said is not true . 4) where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) how we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 6) its certain that he will succeed .,使用主語從句的幾點注意事項：,1.有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把

5、that的主語從句置于句末。單個主語從句常視為單數(shù)。常用it作形式主語的句型如下： 1）it + be + 形容詞 + that從句 2）it + be + 名詞 (hope, pity, wonder, etc.)+ that從句 3）it + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句 4）it + 特殊動詞(常為不及物動詞) + that 從句 eg. it happened to me that i had been away when he called. it really matters that you havent turned up.,2.另外，注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇

6、、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： it is necessary (important, natural, strange, surprising, unthinkable, unbelievable, incredible, etc.) that it is suggested (advised, ordered, required, insisted, demanded, requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that,練習(xí):用it充當(dāng)形式主語,1.that we shall be late

7、 is certain. - 2. that the earth is round is known to all. - 3. that you missed the chance is a pity. -,its known to all that the earth is round.,its a pity that you missed the chance.,its certain that we shall be late.,1. _ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. a. that b. why c. what

8、 d. how 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . a if b whether c that d where 3. its known to us all _ a form of energy . a. water is b. that water is c. is water d. that water to 4. it worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. a. whether b. that c. what d. when,2. 賓語從句：在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（

9、 可以作謂語動詞、介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語） 連詞：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how,1). can you make sure _ the gold rings? where she had put b. where had she put c. where she has put d. where has she put 2).the workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to

10、 give them a rise. a. whether b. how c. where d. which,賓語從句可以用it（作形式賓語） 來替換的句型為： 主語謂語itadj/n從句如： i think it necessary that we have the meeting,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律： i think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. that is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeti

11、ng. 3. everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. it doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,規(guī)律:主語從句和賓語從句在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,3. 表語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后, 對主語進(jìn)行解釋說明。,1.thats _ the party called on us to do. a. why b. what c. ho

12、w d. that 2. the reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. a. because b. why c. that d. whether,4.同位語從句,同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, doubt, plan, suggestion等后面, 用以說明或解釋前面名詞的內(nèi)容.,the idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. sydney ke

13、pt his promise that he would always do anything he could to help me.,名詞性從句五大?？伎键c,考點1：區(qū)分that，what與which,1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. a. what b. who c. that d. whether 2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. a.what b. that c. the fact d. the matter 3) _matters most in

14、 learning english is enough practice. a.that b. why c.what d.which,that 只起連接作用, 無意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分 what 既有連接作用, 又要在從句中作成分（ 主語，賓語， 表語）( 的東西;物;話;時間;地點;人物;數(shù)目等不同概念),-do you know_mr blacks address is ? -he may live at no. 18 or no. 19 of bridge street. im not sure of _. 2. i read about it in some book or othe

15、r, does it matter _ it was? 規(guī)律：what (無范圍) / which ( 有范圍),what,which,which,fill in the blanks: ( what which),1.他犯了這樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他來不來不重要。 _doesnt matter.,it doesnt matter whether,that he made such a mistake,it is a pity that,考點 2 ：it作形式主語,形式賓語的用法,whether he will come or not,a、it 作形式主語,(1

16、) find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n it 指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容，常用于like/dislike/love/hate這些動詞后。 i hate it when people laugh at the disabled. (3) rely on it that 1. i like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. a. this b. that c. it d. one 2.you may depend on _ that you parents will help

17、you whenever you need it. a.them b. yourself c. it d. me,b、it 作形式賓語,考點3 語序問題,1.the photographs will show you _ a. what does our village look like b. what our village looks like c. how does our village look like d. how our village looks like,規(guī)律：在名詞性從句中,除了關(guān)聯(lián)詞要提到句首之外,一律要用陳述句語序,2.what time do you think

18、_? will besty come here b.besty will come here c.is besty coming here d.can besty get here,疑問詞+do you thinksuggestbelieve suppose +陳述語序,考點4. what,whatever,who,whoever,1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished.,whateverw