1、Unit 1 Grammar,Revise Noun Clauses 名詞性從句 考點解析,一. 概念 二. 名詞性從句解題思路 三. 名詞性從句考點聚焦 四. 高考鏈接,The Subject Clause (主語從句) The Object Clause (賓語從句) The Predicative Clause (表語從句) The Appositive Clause (同位語從句),名詞性從句相當于名詞，可分別做主句的主語、表語、（動詞/介詞的）賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為:,一. 概念,動詞后 介詞后,指出下列各名詞性從句的種類,1. It depends on whethe

2、r he will agree to the plan. 2. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat. 3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 4. When we will start is not clear. 5. He put forward a problem whether we stay or leave.,介詞賓語從句,表語從句,動詞賓語從句,主語從句,同位語從句,練一練,1. 先判

3、斷從句的屬性。屬于主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中的哪一種。,二. 名詞性從句解題思路,A. 若不做任何成分， 引導詞用that (無詞義，在句中不充當任何成分) if / whether (有詞義“是否”，但不充當任何成分) e.g. I think that he is right. e.g. I doubt if / whether you will come for a visit tomorrow.,2. “先成分后含義”-先分析引導詞在從句中的成分，之后靠含義直接翻譯即可(缺什么意思，補什么意思)。,B. 若做名詞性成分,引導詞用who, whom, whose, wha

4、t, whatever, which. e.g. What he gave me is a pair of glove.,C : 若做狀語成分，引導詞用 when ,where, why, how, how many, how long, how far, however, whenever, wherever （有詞義，在句中充當狀語） e.g. I dont know why he was late.,1. 判斷從句類型 2. 分析從句中所缺成分 3. 選擇正確的引導詞 4. 確定答案,例1：_ was most important to her, she told me, was her

5、 family. A. It B. This C. What D. As,例2：The news_ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. A. Which B. whether C. what D. that,例3：-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. - Is that _ you had a few days off? A. Why B. when C. what D. where,C,D,A,三. 名詞性從句考點聚焦,考點一

6、 名詞性從句的語序問題 考點二 名詞性從句的 主謂一致問題 考點三 引導詞的選擇 that 與what、which 區(qū)別 whether 與if 區(qū)別 wh- 與 wh-ever區(qū)別 考點四 時態(tài)的前后呼應問題。 考點五 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣的問題 考點六 it在名詞性從句中做形式主語或形式賓語的用法 考點七 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)分,考點一 語序問題,1.It makes no difference where shall we have the meeting. ( )2.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. (

7、),_,_,名詞性從句：陳述語序,1) 何時開會還沒有決定。,When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,2) 他們何時出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。,單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用_形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用_形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句，謂語動詞用_形式。,單數(shù),復數(shù),has,When they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided yet .,3) 何時何地開會還沒有決定。,When

8、and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,has,單數(shù),have,考點二、主謂一致,考點三、引導詞的選擇, that/ wha/which區(qū)別,What he said makes me happy. That a new teacher will come is true .,that 只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不充當任 何成分, 不可?。ㄔ谫e語從句及物動詞后可省） what 既起連接作用, 又在從句中作 主語, 賓語, 表 語 (且在名詞性從句中只有what可作表語）,1. _ he said so

9、 made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry. 2. A computer can only do_ you have instructed it to do. （01全國） 3. 中國不再是過去的樣子了。 4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where,That,What,China is no longer _ it used to be .,what,w

10、hat,練一練,_ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London. _ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic _ is known to us all, the 2012 Olympic A It B What C As D Which,C,A,B,what 引導主語從句，并在從句中做主語。,It做形式主語，真正主語是that從句。,as 引導非限定語從句，并在從句中做主語。,what 與which 在引導名詞性從句中，都要在從句中充當成分，都有

11、實際意義，但是which 在名詞性從句中表選擇，而what 表意籠統(tǒng)。 例如： 1）What we cant get seems better than what we have. 2） Here are 5 pairs, can you tell me which you would like to buy?,考點三、引導詞的選擇, if VS. whether,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book

12、is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters little to us. 6 I dont know _ to go. 7. The question _ the work was worth doing has not been decided.,whether / if,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,請你歸納,a. 主語從句并在句首 b. 表語從句 c. 同位語從句 e. 介詞后的賓語從句

13、 f. 直接加動詞不定式只能用whether （to do） g whether or not 直接連用時不用if,只能使用whether 的情況：,請你歸納,1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.,if / whe

14、ther,Whether,whether,whether / if,whether,Who/what /which引導名詞性從句時含有疑問意義 Whatever/whoever/whichever(=anything/anybody that)引導名詞性從句時，比what, who, which 更強調(diào)，不表示疑問意思，表示的是一種泛指關系。,考點三、引導詞的選擇, wh-引導的名詞性從句與wh-ever引導名詞性從句的 區(qū)別,who/ whom whoever/ whomever,1.I wonder _ will leave the room last. _ leaves last oug

15、ht to turn off the light. 2._wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 3.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interest. A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who,who,Whoever,考點四、時態(tài)問題,a.他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的。 He believes _ . b.請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么。Pl

16、ease tell me _ .,his dream will come true some day,at this time yesterday,賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應,1. 如果主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r,從句謂語可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài)。,what you were doing,他告訴我他正在為考試做準備。He told me _. 他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。He told me _.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的。The teacher told us _.,he was preparing for the examination,he had been away from his hom

17、etown for ten years,light travels in a straight line,2. 如果主句謂語是過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的某種時態(tài),但從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī)律等時,從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。,1. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. 2. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. 3. 表示建議、命令、要求等詞后的賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句，主語從句 等名詞性從句中，要用should+動詞原形，should可省略。常

18、見的詞有：,考點五、名詞性從句的虛擬語氣的問題,一個堅持（insist）； 兩個命令（order，command）； 三個建議（suggest propose，advise）； 四個要求（demand，require, request , desire）。,外加一個推薦（recommend）,1 It is strange that he _ without saying good-bye to us A should go out B went C would go out D goes out 2 They keep telling us that it is important that

19、 we _ there on time A would be B are C were D be 3 It was required that each student _ enough food for the picnic. A bring B brought C would bring D had brought,注意： suggest （1）表建議時從句用虛擬； （2）表“表明、暗示”時句不用虛擬。 Janes pale face suggested that she was ill. Mike came home quickly，which suggested that she ha

20、d passed the exam. insist 表“堅決主張要做某事”，從句用虛擬； 表“堅持認為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的客觀情況時”，從句不用虛擬。 The young man insisted that he had done nothing wrong and (should) be set free.,考點六、it 作形式主語或形式賓語,考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,D,That English is bein

21、g accepted as an international language is a fact.,考例2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them,A,有些動詞如hate, love, appreciate 等后習慣加代詞it,再接賓語從句。,1_ is our belief that improvement in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.06浙) A . As B. Tha

22、t C. This D. It 2 Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D you,同位語從句跟定語從句都是修飾名詞，關鍵在于這名詞在從句中是否充當成分。 1）如果充當成分就是定語從句 2）不充當成分就是同位語從句 1.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 2. The news you told me yesterday was really

23、 disappointing.,考點七、同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別,同位語從句的簡易判斷方法： 我們可以在名詞和從句之間加be,使之構成一個 新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語 從句，定語從句是不能用系表結構把先行詞與從 句連接起來的。 eg: The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.,The belief is that the earth is flat.,1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still

24、 unknown to many.,判斷：定語從句(AT) , 同位語從句(AP),2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.,4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,AP

25、,AT,AP,AT,AP,1).Sydney kept his promise _ (what /that) he would visit me this coming Christmas. 2).We are going to discuss the question _ (whether/if)we should do it. 3)The question _ (why /that) he did it in such a way has not been answered.,試一試,that,whether,why,* 某些固定搭配或句型: 1. I doubt whether/ I d

26、ont doubt that 2. There is some doubt whether There is no doubt that 3. The reason is that The reason why I was late is that I missed the train. 4. Im sure that Im not sure whether 5. It is no wonder that 6. It is said /reported /hoped that,典型錯誤及歸納,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出規(guī)律： 1. Can you tell me how many stud

27、ents are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.,The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.,規(guī)律一：名詞從句中須使用陳述語序！,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出

28、規(guī)律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,規(guī)律二：注意虛擬語氣的使用！,問題：此類虛擬語氣有哪些關鍵詞？,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出規(guī)律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been dec

29、ided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether

30、 he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,規(guī)律三：4種情況只能用whether ： （1）位于句子開頭； （2）前面有介詞； （3）引導表語從句； （4）與or not連用。,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出規(guī)律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports mee

31、ting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,規(guī)律四：主語從句和賓語從句在適當?shù)那闆r 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,問題：想想看是什么“適當?shù)那闆r”？,1. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely. （2010 福建） A. that B. which C. what D. whe