1、Wuwei No.3 Middle School Liu ShengnianApril 23 ,2014,the Application of Connectives in theCollege Entrance ExaminationWritten Expression,高考書面表達中連接詞的應(yīng)用,Writing strategy analysis,The characteristics of a good composition: advanced vocabulary; correct sentence structures; full main points，clear organiz

2、ation; neatness, beautiful writing proper connectives,完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。覆蓋所有知識要點；應(yīng)用了較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯；語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用復雜結(jié)構(gòu)和高級詞匯所致；具備較強的語言運用能力；有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊；完全達到了預期的寫作目的。,一.高考書面表達評分標準,第五檔 很好 21-25分,第一檔 差 1-5分,第二檔 較差 6-10分,第三檔 適當 11-15分,第四檔 好 16-20分,較全面地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖漏掉一、兩個次重點，但覆蓋了所有的主要內(nèi)容；應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)

3、的要求；語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準確、些許錯誤主要是因嘗試使用復雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)和高級詞匯所致；應(yīng)用簡單的語句間連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊；達到了預期寫作目的。,一.高考書面表達評分標準,第一檔 差 1-5分,第二檔 較差 6-10分,第三檔 適當 11-15分,第四檔 好 16-20分,第五檔 較好 21-25分,基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋了所有主要內(nèi)容；應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求；有一些語法和詞匯方面的錯誤，但不影響整體理解。應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫；整體而言，達到了預期的寫作目的。,一.高考書面表達評分標準,第五檔 很好 21-25分,第一檔

4、差 1-5分,第二檔 較差 6-10分,第三檔 適當 11-15分,第四檔 好 16-20分,一.高考書面表達評分標準,第五檔 很好 21-25分,第一檔 差 1-5分,第二檔 較差 6-10分,第三檔 適當 11-15分,第四檔 好 16-20分,未恰當完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容；寫了一些無關(guān)的內(nèi)容；語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項目有限；有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯誤，影響了讀者對寫作內(nèi)容的理解；較少使用語句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性；信息未能清楚地傳達得給讀者。,一.高考書面表達評分標準,第五檔 很好 21-25分,第一檔 差 1-5分,第二檔 較差 6-10分,第三檔 適當

5、 11-15分,第四檔 好 16-20分,未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。明顯遺漏了主要內(nèi)容；寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未了解試題的要求；語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項目有限；較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯誤，影響了讀者對寫作內(nèi)容的理解；缺乏語句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連貫；信息未能傳達給讀者。,Comparison,passageA TV and website TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Websites also have different s

6、ections. You may choose the one you are most interested in. They are different in many ways. Moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation（解釋）. It makes you feel that you are just on the spot. The programs change every day. Professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Some informa

7、tion on websites changes all the time. Not all of it is so updated. Everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporters. Every medium has its own features. It is hard to say which is better.,Comparison,passageB TV and website Both TV and website are popular media. They have

8、something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Similar to TV, websites also have different sections, so that you may choose the one you are most interested in. However, they are different in many ways. Above all, moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation, which makes you

9、feel as if you are just on the spot. Then, the programs change every day and professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Unlike TV, some information on websites changes all the time, but not all of it is so updated. In addition, everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional

10、reporters. In a word, every medium has its own features, so it is hard to say which is better.,1. Join the two sentences with connectives: (1) a) Alice was the first to complete her paper. b) Alice made quite a few mistakes in her paper. Though Alice was the first to complete her paper, she made qui

11、te a few mistakes in her paper. (2) a) Unfortunately, Johns car broke down on the way here. b) John had to stop a car for a lift. Unfortunately, Johns car broke down on the way here. As a result/concequence, he had to stop a car for a lift. (3)a) Some people waste food. b) Other people havent enough

12、 food. Some people waste food, while /meanwhile other people havent enough food.,二.連接詞使用隨堂練習,(4) a) Its too late to go to the cinema now. b) I have an important meeting to attend after lunch. Its too late to go to the cinema now.Besides/In addition/Moreover / Whats more, I have an important meeting

13、to attend after lunch. (5) a) He remained very calm in the face of the car accident. b) Nothing had happened. He remained very calm in the face of the car accident, as if nothing had happened.,2.如何將這幾個講述汶川地震的句子更好地連接起來，顯得更有文采，得到高分呢？,(1)Many houses and schools were destroyed. (2)More than five million

14、 people are living a hard life now. (3)The students there need help and schools should be built. (4)Students can return to classes soon.,隨堂練習,Suggested answers:,Unfortunately,many houses and schools were destroyed in the earthquake. As a result ,more than five million people are living a hard life n

15、ow.Therefore,the students there need help and schools should be built so that students can return to classes soon.,三.連接詞使用現(xiàn)狀分析,1.過度使用(overuse),In my opinion，we should not like the person and feel everything good. As far as Im concerned, everything has its advantages and disadvantages. We should have

16、 our own methods to face our life and solve the different problems. And it is necessary for us to defend the lives difficulties and make our lives better and better,改為: In my opinion, we shouldnt feel over-optimisticAs far as Im concerned, every coin has two sidesWhen faced with problems, we should

17、have our own methods. Only in this way can we overcome the difficulties and better our lives,三.連接詞使用現(xiàn)狀分析,2.重復使用(reuse),So，as a result，these people might live happily without noticing the coming danger.,改為： SoAs a result，these people might live happily without noticing the coming danger .,三.連接詞使用現(xiàn)狀分析

18、,3.錯誤使用(misuse),From my point of view，when we seek some exciting things, we should do some safety actions in case we are in danger. Such as when we go across the road，we should wait the lights change,應(yīng)把 Such as 改為For example 類似：on the other hand被寫成in the other hand，to sum up被寫成 to summerize，last but

19、 not least被寫成at last but not the least等等。,四.連接詞使用學習策略,1.培養(yǎng)使用連接詞的意識和習慣,.使用連接詞連接句子；,例1：我喜歡運動。 一般表達：I like sports. 較好表達：I like sports, especially swimming and playing basketball. 例2：杰克擅長英語。 一般表達：Jack is good at English. 較好表達：Jack is good at English. For example, he can talk with foreigners in English f

20、reely.,四.連接詞使用學習策略,1.培養(yǎng)使用連接詞的意識和習慣,. 使用連接詞進行過渡(transit)；,例：我們的班長是個好女孩。她學習努力，各門功課優(yōu)秀。她喜歡體育運動，積極參 加學校的運動會。她還樂于助人。她給我們樹立了好榜樣。 一般表達： Our monitor is a good girl. She studies very hard. She is good at all the subjects. She likes sports. She takes an active part in the school sports meetings. She is always

21、ready to help others. She has set us a good example. 加上連接詞的表達： As you know, our monitor is a good girl , who studies very hard so that she is good at all the subjects. Not only does she like sports and take an active part in the school sports meetings but also she is always ready to help others. In

22、a word, she has set us a good example.,四.連接詞使用學習策略,2.注重使用的多樣性(diversity)和準確性(accuracy),Notes:Dont overuse,reuse and misuse connectives.,1). Logically（邏輯性地）organize information and ideas; there is a clear progression throughout .(文章從頭到尾有延續(xù)性) 2). Use a range of cohesive devices(銜接手段） appropriately alt

23、hough there may be some under/over-use. 3). Present a clear central topic within each paragraph.,consolidation,Fill in the blanks using approprite connectives: Nowadays, going to study abroad is popular with the Chinese students Obviously, it has a lot of advantages. The students can study in good c

24、onditions in developed countries. _, they can learn about different cultures and broaden their horizons as well as raise their ability of living independently. _, they may have an advantage in finding jobs at home over others who havent been abroad. _, never can we ignore the disadvantagesPerhaps mo

25、st students will find it difficult to communicate with the natives because of the language problem_they may fall behind in their studies while trying to adapt to the new society. Being alone abroad, theyre sure to be faced with safety problem_, the too high cost is undoubtedly a heavy burden to thei

26、r families. _, we should balance the advantages and disadvantages before making a decision.,Besides,Moreover,However,So,Meanwhile,In conclusion,Discuss in groups and list different types of connectives:,1. 表示并立或選擇關(guān)系 and，or, bothand, as well as, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also 2. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 but, h

27、owever, while, in spite of, despite, notbut, although 3. 表示對比關(guān)系 on the contrary, on one handon the other hand, for one thingfor another 4. 表示因果關(guān)系 because(of), owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of ; so, therefore, as a result/consequence, thus, consequently .,五、連接詞使用的歸納與總結(jié),Discuss in groups and

28、 list different types of connectives:,5. 表示時間、順序關(guān)系 when, while, as, first, next, finally, in the end, eventually, meanwhile, at the same time . 6. 表示遞進、強調(diào)關(guān)系 besides, whats more, in addition, moreover (而且)， furthermore (此外), worse still, to make matters worse； indeed, above all . 7. 表示解釋、說明關(guān)系 namely

29、(即), that is to say, in other words, such as, for example(instance), in fact, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth, according to this . 8.表示目的 in order that,so that,for the purpose of .,Discuss in groups and list different types of connectives:,11. 表示結(jié)論 in short, in brief, in a word, in genera

30、l, in conclusion, to sum up .,10.表達自己的觀點： in my opinion, I think, as far as Im concerned, as we all know , It is known to us all that .,9. 表示條件的詞: if, unless, as/ so long as, on condition that, provided that .,第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分） 假設(shè)你校英語社團舉辦以“講求文明，從我做起”為主題的征文活動，請你以“On the Way to School”為題，寫一篇英語短文。 內(nèi)容主要包括

31、： 1.遵守交通法規(guī)； 2.注意舉止文明。 注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右； 2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.短文中不能出現(xiàn)與本人相關(guān)的信息； 4.短文的題目已為你擬好，不計入總詞數(shù),2013年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（安徽卷）,六、美文欣賞,Enjoying the composition sample,These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment. Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone. As for me, it should start on the way to school. I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way. If I ride a bicycle, Ill