1、英語介詞的學(xué)習(xí),含義：介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞, 詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞。在句中不能單獨作句子成分。介詞后面一般有名詞代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類，短語或從句作它的賓語。,介詞的含義,（1）表時間的介詞1）at, in on表示時間點用at。 例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnight。 表示在某個世紀(jì)，某年，某月，某個季節(jié)以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時，用in。 例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon 表示具體的某一天和某一

2、天的上午，下午，晚上時，用on。 例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning,常用介詞辨析,由since和after 引導(dǎo)的詞組都可表示從過去某一點開始的時段，但since詞組表示的時段一直延續(xù)到說話的時刻，因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。而after詞組所表示的時段純系過去，因而要與一般過去時連用。 例如：I havent heard from him since last summer. 自從去年夏天，我再也沒有收到他的信。After five days the boy came back. 五天后，這男孩返回來。,2）since, after,i

3、n與將來時態(tài)連用時，表示“過多長時間以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段時間的詞語。 After與將來時態(tài)連用時，后面只能跟表示時間點的詞語。After與過去時態(tài)連用時，后面才能跟表示一段時間的詞語。 例如：He will be back in two months.他在兩個月后回來。He will arrive after four oclock四點鐘后，他到達(dá)。He returned after a month.一個月后，他回來了。,3）in, after,at, in, onat一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。 例如：He arrived in S

4、hanghai yesterday. 他昨他天到達(dá)上海。They arrived at a small village before dark. 他們在天黑前到達(dá)一個小村莊。There is a big hole in the wall.墻上有一個大洞。The teacher put up a picture on the wall. 老師把一幅畫掛在墻上。,（2）表示地點的介詞,over, on和above都可表示“在上面”，但具體含義不同。 Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。 On指兩個物

5、體表面接觸，一個在另一的上面。 例如：There is a bridge over the river.河上有一架橋。We flew above the clouds.我們飛越云層。They put some flowers on the teachers desk. 他們把一些花放在講桌上。,over, above, on,on,down,under,up,below,over,above,beneath,across和through均可表示“從這一邊到另一邊”，但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關(guān)，表示動作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行。Throgh的含義與in有關(guān)，表示動作是在三維空間進(jìn)行。例

6、如：The dog ran across the grass.狗跑過草地。The boy swam across the river.那男孩游過河。They walked through the forest.他們穿過森林。,across, through,over,across,through,in on to,in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某個范圍以外；in the front of 表示“在的前部”，在某個范圍以內(nèi)。例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.在大樓前有一些高樹。The teacher

7、 is sitting in the front of the classroom.老師坐在教室前面,4) in front of, in the front of,介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系，才能正確使用介詞。（1）介詞與動詞的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。,3. 介詞的固定搭配,（2）介詞與名詞的搭配on time, in time, b

8、y bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。 （3）介詞與形容詞的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。,介詞的中考考點,練習(xí),一、考查簡單介詞的用法-When did Hong Kong return to our motherland?一_July 1st，1997A On B

9、 In C At D For 本題的四個選項都可以放在表示時間的單詞(組)前面，in，on，at往往在時間點的前面，for往往引導(dǎo)一個時間段。1997年7月1日是一個具體的時間，在具體到某一天，用介詞on。,Id like a cup of coffee _some sugar and milk. A. in B. to C. of D. with A選項介詞in，表示“在里面”；B選項介詞to表方向，意為“到，向”；C項of表“所屬關(guān)系”，意為“的”；D項介詞with作“帶有；用_力口”等講。由句意“我想要一杯加糖和牛奶的咖啡?！笨芍?，選項D正確。,-Oh, so many people i

10、n the amusement park!- Nobody likes to stay at home _ Sunday morning. A. in B. on C. at 此題考查介詞的用法。三個選擇都可以用來表示時間，at多用于具體時間點前，在上、下午及晚上常用介詞in，但具體到某一天的上、下午要用介詞on。,二、考查介詞之間的辨析【考例】The moon light is coming in _ the window and the room seems quiet and beautiful. A, across B. through C. over across表示橫過，從一邊到另

11、一邊，through從內(nèi)部穿過，over表示從物體表面通過?！霸鹿馔高^窗子射進(jìn)來”故不能選A。,Be careful when you come _ the street, because the traffic is very busy at the moment. A. across B. behind C. between D. over 本題考察方位介詞的用法?！斑^馬路”一般為表面橫穿，因此要用across。 -Look, a blind man is in the middle of the street, Its too dangerous.-Lets go and help hi

12、m _the road. A. . across B. along Cthough D. over 橫穿馬路要用across表示“從一邊到另一邊”而不用through，through用于穿過森林等。,三、考查成語介詞與介詞固定搭配Boys and girls, wish you to do well in the English exam _ a light heart. Good luck to every-one! A. on B. with C. without 考查介詞用法。with a light heart以一種輕松的心態(tài)(with表伴隨)。with是中考的重要考點，有如下幾種用法

13、：有，帶著表方式或工具，write with a pen用鋼筆書寫表伴隨a house with a big garden帶有大花園的房子。,Mary bought a house _a small garden. She will move in next week. A. from B. with C. for D. of 本題由句意人手破解，瑪麗買了一處“帶有”花園的房子，這兒可用介詞with，意為“具有；帶有”，所以B項正確。,You must always be careful _ electricityIts dangerousA to B at C for Dwith be ca

14、reful with(ofabout)對注意(警惕)，句意為“你必須時刻注意用電，那很危險?！?一I hear you have got a ticket _the 0pening Ceremony of the Beijing Olympics一YesI got it _my uncle A of；from B toby C to；from Dfor；to 考查介詞的用法。本題易錯選項為A的答案鑰匙票，都要用to，而不能用of。故不能選A。,It was a great day but We did not enjoy it_ the beginningAon Bfor Cwith Dat

15、此處考查固定短語“在開始時”，用介詞at，故選D。,It is important _us students to make a plan _our studies before a new term startsAfor；for Bof：for Cto；of Dwith：on 此題考查介詞for的用法，第一空It is important for sbto do sth；第二空for our studies為我們的學(xué)習(xí)，表目的。,Its necessary for us to take one hours exercise every day. I agree _you. A. at B.

16、to C. on D. with agree with sb同意某人的觀點。注意agree with與agree to的區(qū)別。agree with +sb“同意某人的觀點”；agree to+動詞原形“同意干某事”。,一How are you going to the Summer Palace?一Were going there _bikeA for B at C of Dby 考查短語by bike騎自行車”。要注意區(qū)分：take a bike to+某地一go to+某地+by bike。,This _woman has devoted all her life_ caring for

17、the poorAmodest；with Bkind; to Cselfish；for Dunfair；at 第一空意為“這位善良的婦女”，故選kind，第二空，devoteto指獻(xiàn)身于，to后跟動名詞或名詞，故本題選B。,?！菊Z法過關(guān)】1.China lies_ the east of Asia and_ the north of Australia, A. to; to B. in; to C to; in D. in; on 2.His son suddenly returned_ a cold rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. for 3.Timmy

18、goes to school _ every day . Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot D. by boat 4. Last month , students had to have their lessons by Internet _ because of SARS. A. on the playground B. at home C. in the street D. near the hospital 5.Today some newly-produced m

19、obile phones can take pictures _ a camera. A.as B. for C. like D. of,1.B 表示在一個大的范圍內(nèi)用in，范圍之外用to。 2.A 具體到某一天的時間用on。3.C 5 minutes walk決定去學(xué)校的方式是on foot。 4.B 語境中by Internet和 because of SARS決定了have their lessons - at home 。5.C like在這里意思是像-。,6. Some shops open_ 10:00 a. m. and 3 : 30 p. m, during the Spring Festival holidays. A. at B. between C. from D. about 7. - How are you going to