1、.2018 年最新版英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況謝福之一、選擇題（答案在所有選擇題下面）i. choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.the two main islands of the british isles are.a. great britain and irelandb. great britain and scotlandc. great britain and walesd. great britain and england2.is the capital city of scotland.

2、a. belfastb. edinburghc. aberdeend. cardiff3.according to a 2005 estimate, britain now has a population of overmillion.a. 160b. 600c. 60d. 164.among the four parts of the united kingdom,is the smallest.a. englandb. scotlandc. walesd. northern ireland5.almost a quarter of the british population lives

3、 inengland.a. northeasternb. southeasternc. northwesternd. southwestern6.english belongs to thegroup of indo -european family of languages.a. celticb. indo-iranianc. germanicd. roman7.the introductionof christianitytobritainadded the firstelement ofwordstoenglish.a. danish and finnishb. dutch and ge

4、rmanc. french and italiand. latin and greek8.the evolution of middle english was reinforced by theinfluence.a. normanb. dutchc. germand. danish9.samuel johnson s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of.a. grammarb. handwritingc. spellingd. pronunciation10.at present, nearlyof t

5、he world s population communicate in english.a. halfb. a quarterc. one thirdd. one fifth11.theattack on rome ended the roman occupation in britain in 410.a. normanb. danishc. celticd. germanic12.by the late 7th century,became the dominant religion in england.a. celtic christianityb. anglo-saxon chri

6、stianityc. germanic christianityd. roman christianity13.westminster abbey was built at the time of.a. st. augustineb. edward the confessorc. william the conquerord. alfred the great14.themarked the establishment of feudalism in england.a. viking invasionb. signing of the magna cartac. norman conques

7、td. adoption of common law15.the end of the wars of the roses led to the rule of.a. the house of valoisb. the house of yorkc. the house of tudord. the house of lancaster16.the direct cause for the religious reformation was king henry viii. s effort toa. divorce his wifeb. break with romec. support t

8、he protestantsd. declarehis supremepoweroverthe.church17.the english civil war broke out in 1642 between.a. protestants and puritansb. royalists and parliamentariansc. nobles and peasantsd. aristocrats and christians18.was passed after the glorious revolution.a. bill of rightsb. act of supremacyc. p

9、rovisions of oxfordd. magna carta19.theindustrial revolutionwas accomplished inbritain by the middle of thecentury.a. 17thb. 18thc. 19thd. 20th20. britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.a. 17thb. 18thc. 19thd. 20th21.the britishgovernment is

10、characterizedbya division ofpowersbetween threeof thefollowing branches with the exception of the.a. judiciaryb. legislaturec. monarchyd. executive22.the importance of the british monarchy can be seen in its effect on.a. passing the billsb. advising the governmentc. political partiesd. public attitu

11、de23.as a revising chamber, the house of lords is expected tothe house of commons.a. rivalb. complementc. criticized. inspect24.british cabinet works on the principle of.a. collective responsibilityb. individual responsibilityc. defending the collectivismd. defending the individuals25.the main duty

12、of the british privy council is to.a. make decisionsb. give advicec. pass billsd. supervise the cabinet26.in britain, the parliamentary general election is held everyyears.a. threeb. fourc. fived. six27.has a distinct legal system based on roman law.a. walesb. englandc. scotlandd. northern ireland28

13、.generally speaking, the british parliament operates on asystem.a. single-partyb. two -partyc. three-partyd. multi -party29.the policies of the conservative party are characterized by pragmatism and.a. government interventionb. nationalization of enterprisesc. social reformd. a belief in individuali

14、sm30.the labor party affected the british society greatly in that it.a. set up the national health serviceb. improved public transportationc. abolished the old tax systemd. enhanced the economic development31.the british economy achieved global dominance by the.a. 1860sb. 1870sc. 1880sd.1890s32.in,

15、the british parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.a. 1945b. 1946c. 1947d. 194833.thein the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in britain.a. oil crisisb. high inflation rates.c. large importsd. unemployment problem34.of the following practices,does not belong

16、 to thatcher s social welfare reform.a. reducing child benefitsb. shortening the unemployment benefitsperiodc. reducing the unemploymentd. lowering old age pensions35.the blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except.a. limiting government spendingb. keeping inflation unde

17、r controlc. reducing unemploymentd. reducing inequality36.britain has devotedof its land area to agriculture.a. 54%b. 64%c. 74%d.84%37.britain s important fishing areas include all the following except.a. the north seab. the english channelc. the sea area around irelandd. thesea areabetweenbritainan

18、direland38.coal mining industry in britain providesof the energy consumed in the country.a. 1/3b. 1/4c. 1/5d. 2/339.the car industry in britain in mostly.a. foreign -ownedb. state-ownedc. joint-ventured.privately -owned40.of the following sectors in britain,has experienced spectacular growth since t

19、heend of word war ii.a. agricultureb. energy industryc. service industryd.manufacturingindustry41.in britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the.a. 1930sb. 1940sc. 1950sd. 1960s42.aboutof britishchildren receive p

20、rimary andsecondary educationthroughtheindependent system.a. 5%b. 6%c. 7%d. 8%43.partially funded by central governmentgrants, the british universities receive theirremaining funds from all the following sources except.a. tuition feesb. loansc. donationsd.corporatecontributions44.of the following,is

21、 not a basis of admission to britain s universities.a. result in national entrance testb. a-level resultc. an interviewd. school references45.to be admitted to the open university, one need.a. some educational qualificationsb. no educational qualificationsc. general certificate of education -advance

22、dd. general national vocational qualifications46.among britainqualityspress, the following newspapersare regardedas the“ bigthree ”with the exception of.a. the timesb. the guardianc. the observerd. the daily telegraph47.life on earth is a kind ofprogram produced by the bbc and is popular among 500mi

23、llion viewers worldwide.a. featureb. dramac. documentaryd. soap opera48.is britain s top pay television provider.a. bsbb. skytvc. bbcd. bskyb49.of the following,is not a common feature of all the british holidays.a. families getting togetherb. friends exchanging good wishesc. friends enjoying each o

24、ther s companyd. families traveling overseas50.the following christmas traditions are particularly british except.a. trooping the colorb. queen s christmas messagec. boxing dayd. christmas pantomime51.the most significant achievement of the english renaissance is.a. poetryb. dramac. noveld. pamphlet

25、52.is viewed as romantic poetry s “ declaration of independence.”a. “ i wondered lonely as a cloud”b. don juanc. “ preface to lyrical ballads”d. prometheus unbound53.of dickens novels,is considered autobiographical.a. a tale of two citiesb. david copperfieldc. oliver twistd. great expectations54.is

26、a representative of english critical realism at the turn of the 19th century.a. robert louis stevensonb. john miltonc. joseph conradd. thomas hardy55.of the following statements,is not correct in terms of neo -romanticism.a. it prevailed at the end of the 19th century.b. the writers were dissatisfie

27、d with the social reality.c. the writers believed in“ art for art s sake ”.d. treasure island was a representative work.56.is not included in the modernist group.a. oscar wildb. virginia woolfc. william butler yeatsd. t. s. eliot57.of the following books,was not written by thomas hardy.a. jude the o

28、bscureb. tess of the d urbervillesc. adam beded. the return of the native58.of the following statements,is not correct about virginia woolf.a. she was a central figure of the“ bloomsbury group”.b. she experimented with stream of consciousness.c. she was an influential feminist.d. her masterpiece was

29、 the rainbow.59.of the following writers,is not a nobel prize winner.a. samuel beckettb. james joycec. william goldingd. v. s. naipaul60.waiting for godotis written by.a. samuel beckettb. george orwellc. william goldingd. d. h. lawrence61.the united states hasstates on the continent.a. 50b. 49c. 48d

30、. 3562.the state ofis the largest in area of all the states.a. alaskab. hawaiic. texasd. florida.63.the u. s. lies innorth america, with canada to the north, mexico to the south,the atlantic to itsand the pacific to its.a. northern, east, westb. central, east, westc. southern, west, eastd. western,

31、east, west64.the largest river in the u. s. is.a. the missouri riverb. the mississippi riverc. the ohio riverd. the colorado river65.some of the world famous universities like harvard, yale and mit are located.a. in the southb. along the pacific coastc. in new englandd. in the midwest66.is located o

32、n the u. s. canadian border between lake erie and lake ontario.a. yellowstone national parkb. the grand canyonc. niagara fallsd. the great salt lake67.the native alaskan population includes the following except the.a. indiansb. eskimosc. aleutsd. blacks68.the largest minority in the united states is

33、 the.a. pacific islandersb. blacksc. native americansd. asians69.the immigrants act of 1924 restrictedthe further immigrationinto theunited states,particularly from.a. europeb. asiac. africad. south america70.the characteristic of dominant american culture is.a. english-speaking, northern european,

34、roman catholic and middle -classb. english-speaking, western european, roman catholic and upper -classc. english-speaking, northern european, protestant and upper-classd. english-speaking, western european, protestant and middle-class71.the first successful english colony in north america was founde

35、d atin.a. jamestown, louisianab. boston, massachusettsc. jamestown, virginiad. plymouth, georgia72.pilgrim fathers are a group ofwhocame to america to avoidpersecution inengland.a. protestantsb. puritansc. catholicsd. christians73.the seven years war occurred between the.a. french and american india

36、nsb. french and spaniardsc. french and britishd. british and american indians74.“ no taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan. ofa. the settlers of virginiab. the people of pennsylvaniac. the colonists in new englandd. the people of the 13 colonies75.the first shots of the american w

37、ar of independence were fired in.a. concordb. lexingtonc. philadelphiad. boston76.in may 1775,was heldin philadelphiaand began to assume thefunctionsof anational government.a. the first continental congressb. the second continental congressc. the boston tea partyd. the congress of confederation77.ab

38、raham lincoln issuedto grant freedom to all slaves.a. declaration of independenceb. constitutionc. emancipation proclamationd. bill of rights78.the policy of the united states wasat the beginning of the two world wars.a. neutralityb. full involvementc. partial involvementd. appeasement79.presidentap

39、plied new deal to deal with the problems of the great depression.a. wilsonb. trumanc. rooseveltd. kennedy80.the vietnam war was a long -time suffering for americans, and it continued throughout theterms of presidents.a. johnson, nixon and fordb. truman, eisenhower and kennedyc. kennedy, johnson and

40、nixond. eisenhower, kennedy and johnson81.the u. s. constitution came into effect in.a. 1787b. 1789c. 1791d. 179382.the constitution of the united states.a. gives the most power to congressb. gives the most power to the presidentc. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersd. gives

41、 the most power to the supreme court83.the bill of rights.a. defines the rights of congress and the rights of the presidentb. guarantees citizens of the united states specific individual rights and freedomsc. is part of the declaration of independenced. has no relationship with the constitution84.th

42、e following exceptare guaranteed in the bill of rights.a. freedom of religionb. the right to get into people s house by policec. freedom of speech and of pressd. the right to own one s weapon if one wishes85.all the following exceptcannot make legislative proposal.a. the senatorb. the representative

43、c. the secretary of stated. the president86.the following exceptare all powers of the president.a. vetoing any bills passed by congressb. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurc. making lawsd. issuing executive orders87.according to the constitution, a candidate for president must be.a. at l

44、east 35 years oldb. at least a 14 years resident of the united statesc. born in americad. all of the above88.the terms for a senator and representative areandyears respectively.a. two, fourb. two, threec. two, sixd. six, two89.the supreme court is composed ofjustices.a. sixb. sevenc. eightd. nine.90

45、.the president is directly voted into office by.a. all citizens of americab. the citizens over 18 years oldc. electors elected by the votersd. the senators and representatives91.americaproduces a majorportion oftheworld productsin thefollowingfieldsexcept.a. machineryb. automobilesc. ored. chemicals

46、92.the modern american economy progressedfromto,andeventually,to.a. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyb. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyc. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyd. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.char

47、tered companies were not granted theby the british king or queen.a. political authorityb. economic rightsc. judicial authorityd. diplomatic authority94.the first national bank of the united states was established with the urge of.a. george washingtonb. thomas jeffersonc. andrew jacksond. alexander hamilton95.the followinginventionstook placeduringthe“ second industrialrevolution”except.a. typewriterb. telephonec. electric lightd. refrigerator96.president johnson tried to bui