1、第二部分 閱讀理解全真模擬題 (Units 10-16)Unit 10Passage 1 Fathers should be neither seen nor heard. wrote Oscar Wilde. This is the only proper basis for family life. Its hard to say what Wilde would have thought of this week s cover photo or the pictures inside of dads and their children. Several clearly defy th

2、e outdated idea of fathers as detached from the parenting process. And thats just what the photographers intended. Gregory Heisler, who did the cover photograph, says he wanted the image to show genuine affection. So, rather than use professional models, he went out and found some real dads and thei

3、r real kids. Adds Heisler: Instead of doing some slick, over-produced shot, I wanted something more authentic to the experience of being a father. This isnt the first time that Heisler, 39, has conveyed complex ideas for the cover of TIME. His photographs have graced the front of the magazine some 2

4、0 times, ranging from Olympic athlete Jackie Joyner-Kersee and director David Lynch to former President George Bush and Ted Turner for the Man of the Year issues in 1991 and 1992, respectively. But this weeks TIME cover has special meaning, he says, because he and his wife Prudence had their first c

5、hild, Lucy, 16 months ago. The pictures appearing inside were all done by photographer Jeffrey Lowe. Although Lowe has not experienced fatherhood yet, he observed many intimate moments of parenting by spending a lot of private time with each dad and child. Of all the pictures. Lowe was most deeply t

6、ouched by the father-to-be embracing his pregnant wife.While most of the credit for the pictures rightly goes to those behind the camera, cover coordinator Lina Freeman and assistant picture editor Mary Worrell Bousquette, who work behind the scenes, also deserve accolades. Freeman, for instance, ha

7、d the challenging task of making arrangements for the group portrait of child movie stars by Heisler that appears on page 62. Says she: My greatest reward is working with these talented artists. Bousquette edited the pictures that appear inside. I wanted our story to show the many faces of fatherhoo

8、d, she says. At least in this issue, those fathers are seen as well as heard. Sorry, Oscar.1. In Oscar Wildes view, _. A) distance between fathers and their children is essential in family life B) fathers should play a greater role in family life C) family life is something that fathers enjoy most D

9、) fathers are never sure about what they should do at home.2. The photographers of this weeks TIME intended _. A) to support Oscar Wildes view B) to prove that Oscar Wilde was wrong C) to apologize to Oscar Wilde D) to show their respect-for Oscar Wilde3. The word graced in the second paragraph mean

10、s _. A) decorated B) substituted C) turned out D) mixed up4. How did Jeffrey Lowe manage to portray fathers feelings accurately? A) He tried to experience fatherhood himself. B) He spent most of his time with his pregnant wife. C) He mixed with many fathers and their children. D) He studied the rela

11、tionship between each member in a family.Passage 2 In Russia dont look to read about actor X sneaking out to the Bolshoi with starlet Y, while his famous author wife is on vacation in Odessa with her children from two previous marriages. Even if X and Y were engaged in hanky-panky, the country could

12、 not do the story justice, since it lacks the equivalents of People or Vanity Fair, the National Enquirer or Entertainment Tonight. Nor do famous lives play themselves out in newspapers or on television. The press is as conservative as the sovety at large, where direct questions about private lives

13、are considered insulting. Movie magazines are simply film synopses and accounts of production and casting. That does not mean, however, that inquiring Russian minds dont want to know. It often seems as if it is the national pastime to gossip about me, says pop superstar Alla Pugacheva, 39, the bigge

14、st musical draw in the country. Perhaps we are better off here than in the West. We do not have entire magazines devoted to our private lives. But Soviets dont need a magazine to gossip. Instead, a vast rumor mill operates 24 hours a day 365 1/4 days a year. A study of some unofficial youth groups i

15、n Tadjikstan in Central Asia listed among them Celebrity Hounds, which a local paper described as people who try to gain prestige among the less informed by exchanging stories about the private lives of stars. Some may consider the meager trickle (細流) of personal detail about a pop star a blessing,

16、but the lack of information about politicians proved to be a handicap for voters in last months election. Even if voters knew a candidates program, they did not know the man himself, complains Yegor Yakovlev, editor of Moscow News. Soviet newspapers and magazines discuss the personal lives of leader

17、s only when the person is dead and usually out of favor (thus only last fall did Moscow News claim that Leonid Brezhnev, who died in 1982, had been revived from clinical death in 1976, and was tended constantly by doctors for the rest of his life) or when refuting a nasty bit of gossip. Observes Zhe

18、nia, a semiprofessional celebrity watcher in Moscow: The way it works is that first a rumor starts, then gains momentum (勢頭), then, and only then, something appears in the press denying the rumor as unfounded.5. Famous lives are rarely publicized through the mass media in Russia because _. A) famous

19、 lives are not exciting enough B) it is difficult to get interesting stories C) it is against the nations moral standards D) famous people dont want others to know about their lives6. What is the attitude of ordinary Russians towards the private lives of famous people? A) Indifferent. B) Respectful.

20、 C) Blindfold. D) Inquisitive at heart.7. From the passage we know that pop superstar Alla Pugacheva _. A) is proud to be the center of national gossip B) lives a better life than stars in the west C) wishes to attract more attention from the mass media D) doesnt want to be the center of national go

21、ssip8. In the writers opinion, politicians lives _. A) should always be kept secret B) can be publicized after their death C) can be publicized in order to refute the gossips D) can be publicized to let the public know them betterPassage 3 Children are in need of adoption because some birth parents

22、are unable or unavailable to provide adequately for the needs of their child. There are numerous reasons for making an adoption plan. Birth parents may feel they cannot take on the responsibility of an unplanned child because they are too young or because they are financially or emotionally unable t

23、o provide proper care. They do not feel ready or able to be good parents. In other cases children are in need of adoption because courts have decided that their birth parents are unable to function adequately. Many of these children are victims of abuse or neglect. Regardless of how children come to

24、 need adoption, they are put with adoptive parents through private or public social service agencies. Other adoptions may be arranged independently, as when birth parents and adoptive parents come to know each other outside of an agency and then complete the adoption according to the laws and regula

25、tions of their states of residence. Which Children Need Adoption Children from all countries and all walks of life need adopting. Although international adoptions occur, the largest number of adoptions in the United States involve American parents adopting American infants. Statistics on the ethnici

26、ty of both parties are incomplete. In the early 1970s there was a dramatic increase n the number of families seeking to adopt, a condition which persists today. For this reason, the number of those who wish to adopt regularly exceeds the number of infants available. Reasons for this dramatic increas

27、e are varied. A major factor has been the choice of many people to delay the start of a family until later in life. Many of these people, in turn, have found themselves to be less fertile at that time, and so they have decided that their desire to have children might best be fulfilled through adopti

28、on. In every state, however, there are children who are legally free to be adopted but are desperately waiting for parents. The children in this group are usually older and often have special needs. They may require additional care from a parent because of their physical, emotional, or mental disabi

29、lities (which may have been caused by abuse, neglect, or medical or genetic factors). Because of their special needs, these children are challenging to rear. In fact, adoption experts believe that people who adopt these children need special training and preparation in order to successfully rear the

30、 child and to integrate the child into the family and eventually into society. In cases of international adoption, Americans have adopted orphaned children from places like Korea, India, and Latin America. United States immigration laws allow such children to reside in the United States through a sp

31、ecial visa under which the children are classified as immediate relatives of the adopting family. The laws, regulations, and attitudes toward international addoption vary a great deal from one country to another. Because of this, people wishing to adopt should use experienced agencies or organizatio

32、ns in order to adopt a child from another country successfully. Stepparent adoption is also very common. Most often, this type of adoption occurs when one of the childs birth parents has remarried and the new spouse adopts the child. In such adoptions, the consent of the other birth parent is usuall

33、y required, because it entails the termination of that parents rights.9. The author thinks of adoption as _. A) illegal B) unethical C) unavoidable D) necessary10. What is the most important reason for the adoption boom in the 1970s? A) In the early 1970s, adoption came into vogue among young Americ

34、an couples. B) Many women chose adoption for fear that their figure might be adversely affected after giving birth to babies. C) Many people who married late found they were less fertile and had to adopt children. D) Due to the baby boom in the 1960s, the American government carried out family plann

35、ing and many people had to adopt children.11. By saying these are children who are legally free to be adopted but are desperately waiting for parents, the author suggests that _. A) few people would like to adopt these children for they are hard to rear B) the children were eager to be lover by thei

36、r birth parents C) although some people would like to adopt them, these children would rather wait for their birth parents. D) their birth parents abandoned them but these children still loved them12. According to the passage, international adoption _. A) occurs more often than adoptions of American

37、 infants B) mostly involves European orphans C) should be done through experienced agencies D) should be banned right awayPassage 4 Joshua DeShaney is paralyzed and profoundly retarded, the victim of brutal pummelings at age four by his father. Joshua, now nine, is also the victim of inaction by Wis

38、consins Winnebago County department of social services. The agency failed to remove the child from his divorced fathers custody despite continual reports of abuse for nearly two years, repeated hospitalizations for serious injuries, and regular observations by a caseworker of suspicious bumps and le

39、sions. Joshuas father was convicted of child abuse in 1984 and paroled from prison after less than two years. Last week, in a ruling that stunned childrens rights advocates around the country, the U.S. Supreme Court voted 6 to 3 to absolve Winnebago County of constitutional responsibility for Joshua

40、s fate. A states failure to protect an individual against private violence, declared Chief Justice William Rehnquist, was not a denial of the victims constitutional rights. While the state may have been aware of the dangers that Joshua faced in the free world, it played no part in their creation, no

41、r did it do anything to render him any more vulnerable to them. The majoritys ruling provoked an emotional dissent from Justice Harry Blackmun. Poor Joshua! Victim of repeated attacks by an irresponsible, bullying, cowardly and intemperate father, and abandoned by county officials who placed him in

42、a dangerous predicament, he wrote. It is a sad commentary upon American life and constitutional principles. Government child-welfare agencies expressed relief over the decision. A contrary ruling would have seriously affected programs and budgetary priorities, explained Benna Ruth Solomon of the Sta

43、te and Local Legal Center in Washington. For child advocates, the opinion was deeply troubling. Said James Weill of the Childrens Defense Fund: Its part of a line of decisions in which the court has indicated significant hostility to legal protections for children. Suits against agencies may still b

44、e filed in some state courts, but local laws often permit little or no recourse. In Joshuas case, a Wisconsin statute limits damages to $50,000-less than the cost of a years medical care for the tragically battered youngster.13. By saying Joshua is also a victim of inaction by Wisconsins Winnebago c

45、ounty department of social services, the author means _. A) the agency should have sent someone to Joshuas home to take care of him B) the court had made the ruling that the child should be removed from his father, the agency failed to do so C) the agency should have taken actions to remove the chil

46、d from his fathers custody D) the agency failed to send the child to his mother14. Which of the following was the reason given by Chief Justice William Rehnquist for absolving Winnebago County of constitutional responsibility for Joshuas fate? A) The agency had no responsibility of taking care of th

47、e abused child. B) The agency didnt play a part in the child abuse. C) The agency was so busy that it had no time to deal with Joshuas case. D) The agency couldnt intrude upon other peoples personal affairs.15. According to Justice Harry Blackmun, Joshuas fate _. A) reflects the sad aspects of Ameri

48、can life and constitutional principles B) provokes people to comment on American life and constitutional principles C) makes people disappointed with American life and constitutional principles D) has a profound impact on American life and constitutional principles16. It can be inferred from the pas

49、sage that _. A) the author definitely agrees with Chief Justice William Rehnquists point of view B) government child-welfare agencies expressed dissent to the ruling made by the Supreme Court C) Joshua would get $ 50,000 damages from the Wisconsins Winnebago County D) U.S. childrens rights advocates

50、 were dissatisfied with the ruling made by the Supreme CourtPassage 5 Is there a link between crime and population growth? And how does social change aggravate the current crime surge? James Q. Wilson, professor of management and public policy at UCLA and author of Thinking About Crime and The Moral

51、 sense, gave his views last week in an interview with TIME assistant editor Susanne Washburn. Excerpts: Any historian knows that crime waves, in fact, are cyclical. Earlier ones occurred in the 1830s, the late 1860s and the 1920s. The question is, what causes the cycles, and what affects their timin

52、g? Crime was abnormally low in the 1940s and 1950s and began to rise around 1963 and peaked in the late 1970s. The increase in crime from 1963 to 1980 was enormous-and it occurred in a period of general prosperity. Part of the explanation is that the population got younger, because of the baby boom-

53、and younger men are more likely to commit crime than older ones. Then in the early 1980s, almost all forms of crime began to decline for a while. The baby boom got old, so the baby boomers were no longer in the crime-prone years. We saw this is declining public-school enrollments. Now, however, if y

54、ou look at whats happening in elementary schools, enrollments are going up because the children of baby boomers are starting to move through the cycle. My guess-and the guess of many other criminologists-is that by the end of this decade we will see an increase in the general crime rate regardless o

55、f what the government does. Obviously, we want to do everything possible to moderate its severity. And public policy ought to be directed toward that end. The public expects it. I think politicians will fact up to it. But we simply have to realize we are in an era when our ability to moderate the se

56、verity of crimes is substantially reduced from what it once was. We are much more reliant on public policy, which is a crude and not very effective instrument. And we are much less dependent on informal social controls, which, when they work, are the most powerful controls. The most significant thin

57、g in the last half-century has been the dramatic expansion in personal freedom and personal mobility, individual rights, the reorienting of culture around individuals. We obviously value that. But like all human gains, it has been purchased at a price. Most people faced with greater freedom from family, law, village, clan, have used it for good purposes-artistic expression, economic entrepeneurs