1、The subjunctive mood 虛擬語氣,REVIEW 語氣,英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：直陳語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來表示。,REVIEW 語氣,1.直陳語氣-用來談?wù)撌聦??？捎糜陉愂鼍?、否定句、疑問句或感嘆句等形式。（謂語動詞用各種時態(tài)） 2.祈使語氣-表示命令、要求、勸告、請求等。多用于祈使句（謂語動詞用原形）,虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，表示純粹的假設(shè)或間接的命令、勸說等主觀愿望（謂語動詞用虛擬式）。,Review 虛擬語氣的概念,過去式,be一律用were,充滿詩意的虛擬語氣,If You Were Th

2、e Only Girl In The World.flv,充滿詩意的虛擬語氣,Sometimes when I feel bad And things are blue I wish a pal I had Say one like you Someone within my heart to build a throne someone whod never part to call my own,If you were the only girl in the world,If you were the only girl in the world and I were the only

3、boy! Nothing else would matter in the world today we could go on loving in the same old way! A garden of Eden just made for two with nothing to mar（破壞） our joy I would say such wonderful things to you there would be such wonderful things to do If you were the only girl in the world And I were the on

4、ly boy! (byClifford Grey),if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句,虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反的條件。分三種情況(以 do 為例)：,If 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句,Practice 1 判斷下列句子是對什么時候的虛擬,1. If I knew her number, I could ring her up. 2. If I were you，I would help the teacher. 3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test.,現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在,過去,4. I didnt see your sist

5、er at the meeting. If she had come, she would have met my brother. 5.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 6.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.,過去,將來,將來,“如果我有一千萬，我就能買一棟房子。 我有一千萬嗎？沒有。 所以我仍然沒有房子。 如果我有翅膀，我就能飛翔。 我有翅膀嗎？沒有。 所以我也沒辦法飛翔。 如果把整個太平洋的水倒出，也澆不熄我對你愛情的火焰。 整個太平洋的水全部

6、倒得出嗎？不行。 所以我并不愛你。,If I （have)ten million yuan, I (buy) a villa(別墅). Do I have ten million yuan? No,Therefore, I Still have no villa. If I (have)wings, I (fly). Do I have wings? No,Therefore, I can not fly. If all the water of Pacific Ocean be poured out, it not douse(澆滅) my love for you. Can it be?

7、No, therefore, I dont love you.,had,would buy,had,could fly,could,could,對現(xiàn)在的虛擬,If I _（have）time last night, I _（go) to see the film with you .,had had,would have gone,If he _ (drive)more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _ (learn)how to swim,I _ trapped i

8、n this island.,had learnt,would not have been,What would you do if you won the lottery some day? If I won the lottery, I would,對將來的虛擬,If I _(win) the lottery, I _(will) buy an expensive car.,won,would,If I had a lot of money,I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the

9、 world.,If it were fine now,I would go shopping.,If he _ come tomorrow,I _him the truth.,were to,would tell,If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.,主從句的動作發(fā)生時間不一致的情況。 有時條件從句中的動作和主句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致（錯綜時間條件句），原則：分別對應(yīng)虛擬式 If you _(listen) to the doctor, you _ (be) all right now.

10、If you_ (practice)speaking English more, you _(be) able to speak it fluently.,(從句動作指過去，主句動作指現(xiàn)在）,各算各,had listened,would be,had practiced,would be,If虛擬句的倒裝,如果條件狀語中有were, had, should時, 可以倒裝成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, ,Had he been there yesterday, ,Should it snow tomorrow, ,If I were you, I

11、would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,如果我是你，我會再試一次。,如果他昨天在那兒的話，他就會看那部電影了。,如果明天下雪，我們就不出去了。,1. _the exam, he would have attend a college.,A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass,2.

12、_five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.,A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive,How I wish,wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句,幻燈片 6,虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反的條件。分三種情況,Wish 引導(dǎo)的虛擬句,I wish I _(be)as tall as Yao.,were,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day _(be)my birthday.,were,I wish

13、I _( eat ) so much watermelon last night.,hadnt eaten,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,I wish I had come across a handsome young man in the rain yesterday.,虛擬語氣,Practice I wish I _(be) 18 years old now. I wish I _(not tell) her the truth yesterday. I wish I _(can fly) to the moon some day.,虛擬語氣在：在wish

14、賓語從句中,were,hadnt told,could fly,Summary 1、if條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法； 條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝； 錯綜時間條件句（各算各） 2. Wish 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣用法,Homework,Textbook page 5 EX3 Finish the exercises on the handout,1.If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 2. Alan _ the party

15、if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed 3.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy. He would be still alive today if he _ that drug. A. not take B. shouldnt have take C. didnt take D. hadnt taken,Exercises,4_the exam, he would have attended a c

16、ollege. A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass 5. I wish I _ you yesterday. A.sawB.did see C. had seen D.were to see 6. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert. A. hadnt B. didnt have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt have,Exercises,7. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made. A. have readB. had read C. should have read D. are reading 8. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _.A. have laid