1、M7U1 Grammar 導學案(Prepositions and prepositional phrases)Learning aims(學習目標): To review the usage of some common prepositions to express time, place, and -movementTo learn that prepositions can be combined with verbs, nouns, and adjectives to form prepositional phrasesImportant points(學習重點) ：To learn

2、 how to use some common prepositions and prepositional phrases in different situationsDifficult points(學習難點)：To apply what they have learnt to practice by fulfilling some written tasksLearning guides( 方法導引)：compare, deduce and practiceLearning procedure（學習過程）:Step 1 Lead-in The household appliance s

3、ection is on the fifth floor.Electrical appliances are useful for keeping our daily lives easyDont look out of the window in class.1) Whats the part of speed of the words in bold?2) Where are they put, before a noun or after a noun?3) What are they used to express?Step 2 Prepositions of TimePreposit

4、ions like at, in, on, for, by and since can be used to express time. Others of time include _, etc.1、表示時間的at, in, on：at表示片刻的時間，如：at 8 oclock ，常用詞組有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的時間，如：in the morning,

5、in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on總是跟日子有關，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following day, on May Day, on a warm morning等。2、表示時間的since和from：since表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間的過程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。from表示從時間的某一點開始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時連用。如：I hope to do m

6、orning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.3、表示時間的in和after：兩者都表示“在（某個時間）之后，區(qū)別在于in表示“在（一段時間）之后”，而after則表示“在（某一具體時間點之后）”，in短語和將來時態(tài)連用，after短語和過去時態(tài)或將來時態(tài)連用。如：Well be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?注意：after有時也可以表示在一段時間之

7、后（常用在過去時里）。如：After two months he returned.1. Regular public TV broadcasting began_1928.2. The first record players only played a record _two minutes.3. _1967, most TV broadcasts were in color.4 He invited me to a dance after the show_ Christmas Eve. (2009陜西) Aat Bon Cin Dby5 _ when has the country b

8、een open to international trade? （2007 陜西卷）1978, I suppose.A. Since B. In C. From D. AfterStep3 Prepositions of Placeat, in and on can be used as prepositions of place. Other prepositions of place include _etc.1、表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范圍內，on指與什么毗鄰，to指在某環(huán)境范圍之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of Chin

9、a./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.2、表示“在上”的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.3、表示“穿過”的through和across：through表示從內部通過，與in 有關；across則表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通

10、過，與on有關。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.1) Ill meet you _ the department store.2) Wang Li is _ a media and technology exhibition.3) This new type of TV can be hung _ the wall.4) The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (2009

11、江西)A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which5) Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.（08安徽卷）A. on B. off C. into D. toStep4 Prepositions of MovementThe preposition to is often used to show movement. Other prepositions of movement include _ etc.1) The invention of the tran

12、sistor led _ the development of cassette recorders.2) When autumn comes, many leaves fall _ the tree.3) We walked _ the Tian An Men Square _ the Museum of Chinese History.A. across ;to B. through;by C.by ;on D.past;at4) Lets walk over _the shop on the other side of the street. A. in B. to C. under D

13、. by Tips:Exceptions:1. We usually say in the morning/afternoon/evening, but when we talk about morning/afternoon/evening of a particular day, we use on instead of in.2. We say on a bus/train/plane but in a car/taxi.Step5: Prepositional Phrases Prepositions with Verbs Many prepositions are combined

14、with verbs to form prepositional verbs, e.g., agree with, look for, look into, head for and stand for, etc.1) The ship set sail and headed for Shanghai.2) MD stands for MiniDisc. Prepositions with NounsPrepositions can also be combined with nouns, e.g., in time for, by means of, by accident/mistake,

15、 for/on sale, on the market, in that case and up to date, etc.1) When will the new model be on sale?2) This technology is quite up to date. Prepositions with AdjectivesSome prepositions are also combined with adjectives, e.g., good at, capable of, fond of, satisfied/happy with, etc.1) The program is

16、 capable of calculating our budget for the year.2) I am fond of watching black-and-white films.Follow up1 Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health. （2007 江西卷）A.of; at B.by; in C.of; on D.on;at2 Dolly wants to cycle round the world and she is really keen t

17、he idea（2007 上海春）Aon Bfor Cat Dwith3 His efforts to raise money for his program were because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. （2009湖北）A.in place B.in sight C.in effectD.in vain拓展：1、between, among：一般說來，between表示兩者之間，among用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：You are to sit between your fathe

18、r and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.注意：但有時說的雖然是三個以上的人或東西，如果強調的是兩兩相互間接關系，適用于between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談到一些事物或一組事物，而把它們視為分居兩邊時用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在談事物間的差別時，總是用between。如：They dont know the difference between whe

19、at, oats and barley.2、besides, except, but, except for：besides指“除了還有，再加上”。如：All went out besides me.；except指“除了，減去什么”，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 與except意思近似，表示“除了外”經常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑問詞后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.；except for表示“如無就，只是”表

20、明理由細節(jié)。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes。3、表示“用”的in和with：表示工具的“用”，用with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等的“用”，用in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.4、as, like：as作“作為

21、”、“以地位或身份”解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事實是父親）；like作“象一樣”解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事實上不是父親）。鞏固練習：1. RIYADH, Saudi Arabia: In Saudi Arabias first ever “tooth for a tooth” case, a man who threw a rock _another Saudi nine years ago - knocking two teeth _ in the process -has been pun

22、ished _ having two of his own teeth extracted(取出 ) _ public. He was also fined US$21,000.( out, at, by, in)2. A 61-year-old man was robbed twice in five minutes _ a western German town. He first had his mobile phone stolen _ a gas station by youths who then fled. When he pursued the thieves _ foot,

23、a passing car with three men claiming to be plainclothes police stopped him, searched him and drove _ _ his wallet. (at, in, with, on, off)3. THAILAND is to use mice to test food _ poison before it is served to US President and 20 other Asia-Pacific leaders _ a summit in Bangkok this month. Samples

24、of dishes served _ the October 20-21 Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation summit will be injected into mice, said a health official last Friday. “We will have the results _ a minute. If its safe, well tell the waiters to start serving,” he said. (within, for, during, at)4.GERNAMS who like reading _ th

25、e toilet no longer need take a newspaper _ _ them. They can turn _ novels, poems and detective stories printed on toilet paper. Each roll contains several versions of a text so that readers can use the paper and still leave some entertaining reading _ the next visitor.( with, in, on, to, for)5.A QUA

26、RTER of Britains pet dogs and fifth of its cats will be treated _ a turkey dinner with their owners _ Christmas. Animal-loving Britons will spend nearly 100 million pounds _ gifts for their pets this Christmas, a report said last week.( to, on)1. The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting（2

27、007 全國卷I） A. on B. for C. about D. with2.(2004湖南卷32) You cant wear a blue jacket _that shirtit11 1ook terrible Aon Babove Cup Dover3. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days. （2007 全國卷II）A. for B. exceptC. besides D. with4. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ

28、 greatly _ size and shape.（2007 上海卷） A. on B. from C. by D. in5. The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great charges. （2007 山東卷）Awhen Bduring which Csince then Dsince when6. This is a junior school.You should go to a senior school _girls of your age.（2007 北京卷）A.for B. ab

29、out C. from D. to7. Although my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. （2007 福建卷）A.againstB.onC.for D.in8. _the silence for the pauses, we could hear each others breathing and could almost bear our own heartbeats. （2007 湖南卷） A. In B. For C. Under D. Between9. Scientists are convinced

30、 the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health. （2007 江西卷） A.of; at B.by; in C.of; on D.on;at10. when has the country been open to international trade? （2007 陜西卷）1978, I suppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After11. Dolly wants to cycle round the world and she is really keen the idea（2007 上海春）Aon

31、 BforCat Dwith12. Some students often listen to music _ classes to refresh themselves（2007 四川卷） Abetween Bamong Cover Dduring13（08全國I卷）24. Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success. A. to B. for C. as D. by14 (08全國II)15. Modern equipment and no smoking are two

32、of the things I like _ working here.A. with B. over C. at D. about15（08陜西卷）19. Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams.A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon16（08北京卷）33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, youd better leave _ the back door.A. for B. by C. across D. out17（0

33、8安徽卷）23. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair. A. on B. off C. into D. to18（08福建卷）23. A great man shows his greatness _ the way he treats little man. A. under B. with C. on D. by19（08福建卷）34. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.

34、 A. for B. when C. with D. while20（08湖南卷）27. When did you last hear _ Jay? He phoned me this morning, and we agreed _ a time and place to meet.of, to B. about, with C. from, with D. from, on 21（2009.海南、寧夏卷同卷） 34. Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story. A. beyond B. without C

35、. of D. in 22（2009.全國卷II）13. Jenny nearly missed the flight_ doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of 23（2009.北京卷）29. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _ little foreign ownership. A. by B. of C. with D. from 24（2009.天津卷）10. The

36、art show was _ being a failure; it was a great success.A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of25（2009.四川卷）6. A great person is always putting others interests _ his own.A. below B. above C. in D. on26（2009.山東卷）33. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _ easy reach. A. near B. upon C. within D. around27（2009.陜西卷）8. He invited me to a dance af