1、謝謝閱讀絕密使用完畢前2012年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（北京卷）本試卷共 16頁，共 150分，考試時長 120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共 5小題；每小題 1.5分，共 7.5分）聽下面 5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有一道小題，從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話或獨白后，你將有 10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話或獨白你將聽一遍。例： What is the man going to read?A. A newspaper

2、B. A magazineC. A book答案是 A 。1.Who answered the phone？A. MikeB. HenryC. Tom2.Whats the womans favourite food?A. Italian.B. Chinese.C. Indian3.When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?A. 5:18am.B. 6:10amC. 8:50am4.What is the woman looking for?A. ZooB. TelephoneC. Tennis court5.What will the weat

3、her be like at the weekend?A. Cloudy.B. Snowy.C. Sunny第二節(jié)（共 10小題，每小題 1.5分，共 15分）聽下面 4段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有 5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀聽第 6段材料，回答第 6至7題。6.Where are the two speakers?A. In the hotelB. In a shopC. In a restaurant7.How much

4、 did the man pay in the end?A. $115.B. $130C. $140聽第 7段材料，回答第 8至9題。8.What did the man do last weekend?A. Watched TV.B. Stayed at home.C. Visited a friend9.What will the woman probably do this weekend?A. Play tennis.B. Do some shoppingC. Go to a dance聽第 8段材料，回答第 10至12題。10.Where are the new houses?A.

5、On the main road.B. Close to a bus station. C. Near the sports center.11.What does the woman like most about the new houses?A. The garden.B. The space.C. The quietness12.How does the man feel about the womans suggestion?A. Delighted.B. Disappointed.C. Uninterested.聽第 9段材料，回答第 13至15題。13.What cant the

6、 students do without a teacher?A. Hold parties.B. Complete the Safety Sheet.C. Use any emergency equipment.14.Why are the students asked to tie back their loose hour in the lab?A. It may catch fireB. It may cover their eyes.C. It may pass chemicals to their faces.15.What is the speech mainly about?A

7、. Laboratory regulations.B. Safety instructions.C. After-class activities.第三節(jié)（共 5小題：每小題 1.5分，共 7.5分）聽下面的一段對話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題近填寫一個詞，聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間，這段對話你將聽兩遍。Telephone Cancellation Request FormAccount NameEdward16Telephone No.17謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Home Phone PlanNonrefundable(不退款 ) 18 pre-pa

8、id planReason for Cancellation19houseCancellation Date Required209, by 5:00 pm第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié) 單項填空（共 15小題：每小題 1分，共 15分）從每題所給的 A、B、 C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例： It s so nice to hear from her again_, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What s moreB. That s to sayC. In other words

9、D. Believe it or not答案是 D。21.Look at those clouds! Don t worry. _it rains, we ll still have a great time.A. Even ifB. As thoughC. In caseD. If only22.By the time you have finished this book, your meal _cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD. is getting23.One learns a language by making mistakes and _the

10、m.A. correctsB. correctC. to correctD. correcting24.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _he could have expressed it differently.A. whyB. howC. thatD. whether25.George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he _.A. wouldn tB. didn tC. hasn tD. hadn t26.When deeply

11、absorbed in work, _he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when27._with care, one tin will last for six weeks.A. UseB. UsingC. UsedD. To use28.Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.A. someB. lessC. muchD. more29. Have

12、 you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _.A. hurtB. was hurtC. has hurtD. had been hurt30. Our friendship _quickly over the weeks that followed.A. had developedB. was developingC. would developD. developed31. _at the door before you enter my room, please.A. KnockB. Knocking

13、C. KnockedD. To knock謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀33. We _the difficulty together, but why didn t you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have facedD. must have faced34. Do you think this shirt is too tight _the shoulders?A. atB. onC. toD. across35. Don t handle the vase as if it _made of steel.A. isB. wereC. ha

14、s beenD. had been第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20小題；每小題 1.5分，共 30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inspiration“Mama, when I grow up,I m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital DancCompany perform when I was three. It was the first time that my 36 took on a vivid form and

15、acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was 37 to more, myinterests in the world of dance38varied but that little girl s dream of someday becoming39 ain the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call whichmade that dream a40;

16、I became a member of the company 41back to 1925.As I look back on that day now, it surely42any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state ofpleasant disbelief 43I was halfway through rehearsals ( 排練 ) on my first day. I never actually44 to get the job. After being offered the position, I was co

17、mpletely 45 . I remember shaking with excitement.Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of46 .Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found itvital to47up thematerial fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that ext

18、reme48 to detail ( 細(xì)節(jié) ) and stresson practice that set us49. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals50a busy showschedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new 51of the words“ hard work. ” WhatI thought were my physical52 were pushed much further than I thought53. I learned to mak

19、eeach performance better than the last.Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great54of being a part of,not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a 55 that has inspired not only generations oflittle girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and

20、 inspires people every day tofollow their dreams.36. A. hobbyB. planC. dreamD. word37.A connectedB. expandedC. exposedD. extended38. A. rarelyB. certainlyC. probablyD. consistently謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀39.A. directorB. trainerC. leaderD. dancer40.A. symbolB. memoryC. truthD. reality41.A. bouncingB. datingC. turni

21、ngD. tracking42.A. lacksB. addsC. makesD. brings43.A. whileB. sinceC. untilD. when44.A. CaredB. ExpectedC. AskedD. Decided45.A. motivatedB. relaxedC. convincedD. astonished46.A. challengesB. profitsC. advantagesD. adventures47.A. putB. mixC. buildD. pick48.A. AttentionB. associationC. attractionD. a

22、daptation49.A. apartB. asideC. offD. back50.A. overB. byC. withD. beyond51.A. functionB. meaningC. expressionD. usage52.A. boundariesB. problemsC. barriersD. efforts53.A. necessaryB. perfectC. properD. possible54.A. talentB. honorC. potentialD. responsibility55.A. victoryB. trendC. traditionD. desir

23、e第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共 15小題；每小題 2分，共 30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThe Basics of Math Made ClearBasic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students

24、with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代數(shù) ) and beyond.The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指數(shù) ), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations,

25、 students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for s

26、teady and sure understanding of the material by students. Thelectures offer students the chance to “ make sense ”lknowledgeofmathematicathatmay have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀about this amazing and completely unde

27、rstandablefield of study.By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性 ) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their abili

28、ty to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “ the best math te America, ” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas

29、 to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures fo

30、r future primary school teachers.If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.56. What does the course Basic Math mainly cover?A. AlgebrA.B. College Mathematics.C. ArithmetiC.D. Mathematics

31、Education.57. What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?A. Stronger imaginative ability.B. Additional presentation skills.C. More mathematical confidence.D. Greater chances of becoming teachers.58. What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel?A. He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational

32、Television.B. He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.C. He works in Georgia State University.D. He specializes in training teachers.59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?A. A news report.B. A book reviewC. A lesson plan.D. An advertisementBPeanuts to ThisProudly reading my

33、 words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher.謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself.“ What cocausing everyone to act th

34、is way?”Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country

35、, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen,

36、 wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; flip ( 擲) a coin. Heads the commander, and tailsthe peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.Weeks later, standing before this unfri

37、endly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “ My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution. The” whole world became quite! How

38、could I know that she meant that George Washington?Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Co

39、nsequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at th

40、e beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!60. What did the author s classmates thinkhis aboutreport?A. Controversial.B. Ridiculous.C. Boring.D. Puzzling.61. Why was the author confused about the task?A. He was unfamiliar with America

41、n history.B. He followed the advice and flipped a coin.C. He forgot his teacher s instruction.D. He was new at the school.62. The underlined word“ burningPara”.3probably means _.A. annoyedB. ashamedC. readyD. eager63. In the end, the author turned things around _.A. by redoing his taskB. through his

42、 own efforts謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀C. with the help of his grandfatherD. under the guidance of his headmasterCDecision-making under StressA new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers theadvantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the poss

43、ible negative(負(fù)面的 ) consequences of a decision.The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.“ Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather.“ Peoplepositivelearn betterthan negative outcomes under stress.”For example, two recent studies

44、looked at how people learned to connect images(影像 ) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in

45、 ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered therewarded material more accurately and the punished material less ccurately than those who hadn tgone through the stress.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies orsmoking a cigarette w

46、hile under stress at those moments, only the pleasure associated with suchactivities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect.Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences arealso easilyrecalled.The research also fo

47、und that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men andwomen. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the e

48、xperiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why wom

49、en are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.64. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to _.A. keep rewards better in their memoryB. recall consequences more effortlesslyC. make risky

50、decisions more frequently謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀D. learn a subject more effectively65. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their _.A. ways of making choicesB. preference for pleasureC. tolerance of punishmentsD. responses to suggestions66.The research has proved that in a stressful si

51、tuation, _.A. women find it easier to fall into certain habitsB. men have a greater tendency to slow downC. women focus more on outcomesD. men are more likely to take risksDWilderness“ In wilderness(荒野 ) is the preservation of the world.is a”famousThis saying from a writerregarded as one of the fath

52、ers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more th

53、an anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(開發(fā) ) bringsto such landscapes(景觀 ) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need the rainforests,

54、 for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these services ” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have bett