1、記敘文是以記敘為主要表達(dá)方式，以記敘人物的經(jīng)歷或事物的發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容的一種文體。它包括日記、游記、傳說(shuō)、新聞、通訊、趣聞逸事、寓言、傳奇故事、 小說(shuō)等。記敘文常伴隨著作者思想情感的流露和表達(dá)，因此，議論和抒情往往夾雜其中。在引出話題，講完一件事情后，作者往往會(huì)表達(dá)個(gè)人感悟或提出建議等。高考中的記敘文講述的內(nèi)容多為和中學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)生活密切相關(guān)的故事。記敘文有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：,六個(gè)要素：作者一般要交代何人、何時(shí)、在何地、為什么、干了何事、怎么樣等等, 這也就是我們常說(shuō)的5個(gè)W(who, when, where, why, what)和1個(gè)H(how)。 線索/情節(jié)：貫穿全文的線索有人物發(fā)展的線索、

2、事件發(fā)展的線索、人物思想感情變化或作者思想感情變化的線索、時(shí)間順序的線索等等。分析線索有助于把握行文的思路和全文的結(jié)構(gòu)。,記敘順序：記敘文的敘事順序主要有順敘和倒敘, 也可能有插敘。 寫(xiě)作目的：講故事必定有其目的, 或證明某一理論，或闡明某一概念, 或贊美某種美德,或譴責(zé)某種罪惡, 或者讓人娛樂(lè)等等。,閱讀記敘文時(shí), 注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1. 在閱讀過(guò)程中, 首先要找出“5Ws and 1H”; 然后,按照線索弄清事情的來(lái)龍去脈, 理解了文章的脈絡(luò)，就能理解整個(gè)故事。 2. 遇上倒敘的記敘文, 閱讀時(shí)要從事情本身的發(fā)展去理解故事情節(jié)而不要只看事件在文中出現(xiàn)的先后位置。 3. 我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)要通過(guò)作者

3、的重要細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)聯(lián)系故事情節(jié)去領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的意圖, 對(duì)作者重墨潑就的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。,4. 這個(gè)故事講了什么？它會(huì)告訴我們一個(gè)什么道理等。帶著這些疑問(wèn), 在閱讀時(shí)就能抓住中心。讀完一個(gè)故事, 不同的人會(huì)得出不同的結(jié)論，但是作者的結(jié)論只有一個(gè), 我們必須以文章為立足點(diǎn), 絕對(duì)不能“想得太多”。 5. 夾敘夾議的記敘文, 若能理解作者最后的結(jié)論就能更透徹地理解記敘部分的內(nèi)容。,(1) 短文略，見(jiàn)資料書(shū)P82,(1) 本文作者(who)回憶了在她失意、沮喪的一天中(when), 獨(dú)自一人在公園柳樹(shù)長(zhǎng)凳下(where)感嘆、絕望時(shí), 一個(gè)失明男孩的闖入, 給作者帶來(lái)生活的希望和樹(shù)立了對(duì)未來(lái)生活的積極態(tài)度

4、(what)的一個(gè)事件。 事情發(fā)展的線索： 作者的獨(dú)處 小男孩的到來(lái) 小男孩發(fā)現(xiàn)花 小男孩贊花 作者發(fā)現(xiàn)小男孩原來(lái)是失明的 小男孩送花 小男孩離開(kāi) 作者的思考,思想情感線索： 對(duì)小男孩的排斥與對(duì)即將凋零的蔫花的不屑 試圖通過(guò)盡快接收小男孩的花而擺脫小男孩 發(fā)現(xiàn)小男孩原來(lái)是個(gè)失明的孩子時(shí)的心情波動(dòng) 態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變認(rèn)為這是最好的一朵花 對(duì)小男孩的贊揚(yáng)和感激 樹(shù)立了信心和積極的生活態(tài)度。,A. express her gratitude to the little boy. B. recall one of her dark blue days. C. promote a positive attitud

5、e towards life. D. show respect to the blind boy.,1. The purpose of the author writing this story is to _.,1. C意圖理解題。由文章最后一段末句, “And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed to see beauty, and appreciate every second thats mine”可知作者是通過(guò)自己親身經(jīng)歷的事件來(lái)警示人們應(yīng)該善于發(fā)現(xiàn)身邊的 美、珍惜生活的每一刻,積極的面對(duì)生活。,A. Tho

6、ugh in low spirits, the author was delighted to enjoy others company. B. Disillusioned, the author wanted to keep her own company. C. The flower was beautiful but was not attractive to the author. D. Knowing shes unhappy, the boy wanted to please the author.,2. Which of the statements about the stor

7、y is TRUE?,2. B推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第一段和第二段, 作者的情感態(tài)度來(lái)判斷：對(duì)小男孩的排斥與對(duì)即將凋零的蔫花的 不屑 試圖通過(guò)盡快接受小男孩的花而擺脫小男孩。,3. The underlined word “vibrant” in Para. 3 can be replaced by _.,energeticB. fresh C. darkD. bright,3. D詞義猜測(cè)題。這里需要修飾“顏色”的詞, 由第三段, 特別是該段第一句中的dying or dead可知。,A. The boy gave the flower to her B. The flower was a w

8、indow to beauty for the author C. The boy was blind but kind D. The author showed pity for the boy,4. In Para. 4, the author thanked the boy because _.,4. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段倒數(shù)第一句中的unaware of the impact hed had on my day.可知現(xiàn)在這朵花對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了其本身, 而是激起情感態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的、 對(duì)作者有重要影響的通向美的窗口。,A. will be optimistic about later

9、 life B. used to be blind and pessimistic C. is a quiet person who enjoys being alone D. is an old and lonely woman,5. We can infer from the passage that the author _.,5. A推理判斷題。由第一段的“Disillusioned by life with good reason to frown, for the world was intent on dragging me down.”和最后一段的“vowed to see b

10、eauty, and appreciate every second thats mine”等可推斷出答案為A。,(2) 短文略, 見(jiàn)資料書(shū)P83,A. awareness that life is shy B. lack of courage to speak out in public C. fear of others attitude and reaction D. failure in his participation in class discussion,6. The writer was shy as a child because of _ .,6. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一

11、段倒數(shù)第2句可以推知,作者害羞的原因是因?yàn)椤皊elf-conscious questions”,如擔(dān)心“其他人會(huì)怎么看？”“她要是拒絕怎么辦？”, 因此選項(xiàng)C表述全面。,A. life is attention-grabbing and divine B. God treats everything and everyone fairly C. everything in nature is in the favour of God D. the creator of life which needs expressing isnt shy,7. “The law” in Paragraph

12、4 refers to the fact that _.,7. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后1句可以推知答案。該句的意思是：既然造物主都不為生命的自然表達(dá)而害羞, 我又何必如此(害羞)呢？,A. didnt hesitate before sending the note B. wouldnt regret sending the note despite the result C. was not surprised when the girl agreed to go out D. believed in God and felt encouraged by the wideness of

13、 life,8. It can be learnt from Paragraph 5 that the writer _.,8. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第3、4句可以得知, 作者不再懼 怕,因此不會(huì)后悔寄出這封信。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)在“didnt hesitate”, 此處與該段第2句矛盾：作者寫(xiě)信時(shí), 受到恐懼和自卑感的侵襲, 因此作者曾猶豫。選項(xiàng) C錯(cuò)在“was not surprised”, 選項(xiàng)D “believed in God”在原文中沒(méi)有提及。,9. The underlined word “disaffirmation” in Paragraph 5 probably means

14、_.,rejectionB. laughter C. regretD. horror,9.A詞義推斷題。作者寫(xiě)信約會(huì)女孩, 害怕被拒絕, “disaffirmation”的意思是“拒絕”, 也與文章第一段所提到的作者的擔(dān)心相吻合。,A. blame those who are shy and unconfident B. persuade people to have confidence in their career C. share the personal experience with the readers D. prove that the overcome of shyness

15、 helps achieve success,10. The purpose of writing the text is to _.,10. D理解作者寫(xiě)作意圖。文章第一段講述作者小時(shí)候性格害羞, 第二至五段講述作者頓悟, 決心克服弱點(diǎn), 最后一段講述作者克服弱點(diǎn)后在生活、事業(yè)等方面取得的成功, 因此D項(xiàng)最全面和貼切。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)在“blame”, 選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)在“career”, 選項(xiàng)C未能體現(xiàn)文章的中心思想。,participate in 參加 overcome vt. 克服 speak up 暢所欲言, 大聲講 hold back阻止 shyness n. 害羞 productive adj.

16、 多產(chǎn)的 sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想起某事情,【助讀詞匯】,Think of the leaves bursting out in the spring time, the bird singing at dawn, the sheer number of different forms of life, all expressing the wideness and scope of divine life.,【難句理解】,結(jié)構(gòu)分析：think of后接三個(gè)賓語(yǔ)the leaves, the bird, the sheer number of different form

17、s of life, 句中使用非謂語(yǔ)形式(all expressing the wideness and scope of divine life)進(jìn)一步修飾這三個(gè)名詞賓語(yǔ)。,漢語(yǔ)大意：想一想春天里發(fā)芽的樹(shù)葉、在黎明時(shí)歌唱的 小鳥(niǎo)以及各種各樣的生命, 他們都在詮釋著生命的寬廣 和神圣。,(3) 短文略, 見(jiàn)資料書(shū)P83,A. That she doesnt care about her image. B. That she sticks to being herself. C. That she likes eating and drinking. D. That she is totally

18、 different from other singers.,11. What makes the British singer Adele extraordinary?,11. B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句的It is her ordinariness that makes her extraordinary。第二段和最后一段可推出Adele不輕易改變自己, 堅(jiān)持自己的生活方式和腳踏 實(shí)地地生活。,A. Kick a ball with ones feet. B. Force sb to go further. C. Begin to be successful. D. Be held ba

19、ck by others.,12. What does the underlined phrase “kick off” mean (in para.4)?,12. C詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的Her first album, 19 her age at the time shot to number one in 2008可知她的事業(yè)開(kāi)始騰飛。,A. Because there was something wrong with her voice. B. Because she didnt want to talk too much. C. Because The Sun compl

20、ained she was too chatty. D. Because her London style was not popular.,13. Why did Adele have to cancel a recent tour?,13.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段的第二句She recently had to cancel a tour because of a vocal chord problem可知。,A. Adele is one of the richest ladies in the world. B. Adele is the 9th most famous British

21、 music star. C. Adele shares her success by donating money. D. Adele has totally changed her lifestyle after success.,14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?,14. C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句中的she enjoys her success.I give a lot to Great Ormond Street Hospital, monthly可知。,A. The life of a singer, Adele B

22、. Adele, an extraordinary singer C. Adeles secret of being successful D. The singing career of Adele,15. What is the best title of this passage?,15. B主旨大意題。通過(guò)全文可知, 本文介紹了Adele的生活背景, 事業(yè)成就和成功秘訣等, 故選B, 答案A、C、D都片面。,She is like any normal London girl, except that Adele has had countless number one hits an

23、d holds three Guinness Records, one for being the first solo female singer to spend 11 straight weeks at number one in the UK chart.,【難句理解】,結(jié)構(gòu)分析：except后接一個(gè)以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 在這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中one for being the first solo female singer to spend 11 straight weeks at number one in the UK chart, 是three Guinness Record

24、s的同位語(yǔ), 起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。,漢語(yǔ)大意： 她就像任何一個(gè)普通的倫敦女孩一樣, 只有一點(diǎn)除外：她有無(wú)數(shù)的排第一位的受歡迎的作品和保持著三項(xiàng)吉尼斯記錄, 其中之一就是作為獨(dú)唱女歌手連續(xù)11周在英國(guó)單曲排行榜位列第一位。,Image-obsessed adj. 過(guò)分關(guān)注形象的 fanatic n. 狂熱者 grounded adj. 腳踏實(shí)地的 hit n. 成功而風(fēng)行一時(shí)的事物 solo female singer n.獨(dú)唱女歌手,【助讀詞匯】,(4) 短文略，見(jiàn)資料書(shū)P85,A. Because everyone has a changing circle of friends. B. Be

25、cause we sometimes forget to renew phone books. C. Because well never forget some of our friends. D. Because our circle of friends will not change.,16. Why are some names always in our phone books?,16.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知。,A. Tom has changed a lot since primary school. B. Tom invited the author to t

26、he get-together party by email. C. The author recognized Tom immediately because of his big head. D. Tom couldnt recognize the author at the first sight.,17. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?,17. A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第he was much taller than he had been before. Whats more, his

27、 head was no longer big.可知。,A. expectation and excitement B. worries and doubts C. stresses and pressures D. shyness and nervousness,18. What does the underlined word “misgiving” mean (in para. 8)?,18. B詞義推測(cè)題。由第三段最后三句What would he look like now? Would we still feel as close to each other as we had done back then? I was a little frightened about what I would find.可知。,A. others cant understand what the author is thinking about B. The pizzas are