1、什么是介詞？它的作用是什么？,介詞(preposition簡寫prep.)又稱作前置詞，通常位于名詞或代詞之前，表示名詞、代詞等與句中其他詞的關(guān)系。,第五章 介詞,介詞的分類和成分作用,表示時間的介詞,表示位置、方位的介詞,常用“一詞多用”介詞,CONTENTS,01,02,03,04,其他用途的介詞,05,考點一 介詞的分類和成分作用,PART 01,介詞的分類,簡單介詞,短語介詞,合成介詞,in, on, at, for, by, from, about, with, since, after, before, ago, by, till,within, without, inside,

2、outside, into, throughout,because of, instead of, look forward to, in spite of, according to, owing to,From the library to the teaching building is 5 minutes walk.,主語,The book is under the desk.,表語,They leave in a hurry.,狀語,The apples on the tree taste good.,定語,I think everything out of control.,補語,

3、介詞短語的成分作用,【例】I saw him walking _ the street. A.along B.from C.in D.to,【正確選項】 A 【考查內(nèi)容】介詞短語walk along的用法 【答題分析】結(jié)合句意“我看見他沿著大街走去。”介詞短語walk along表示“沿著走”，在句子中作狀語，可排除B、C、D三項，故選A項。,() They found the machine _ a bad state. A.in B.at C.on D.to,A,即時鞏固,考點二 常用“一詞多用”介詞,PART 02,in the car, 在里面,in summer, 在時候，后接年、月

4、、季節(jié),in 2 hours,在之后，后接時間段,in Chinese,用（語言、材料）,in,on the floor, 在上面,on Friday, 在時候，后接日期、星期,a textbook on the history of China,關(guān)于,on,at home, 在（后接小地點）,at 7 oclock a.m., 在時候，后接時間點,at a low price,以(后接速度、價格),at,to run for exercise, 為了，表目的,I once taught Math for 2 years.,因為，由于，表原因,to cry for pain,后接時間段，表動作

5、持續(xù)的時間,I paid $50 for it.,以價格(或支付)；交換；作為的補償）,for,by,to go by the book,根據(jù)，依據(jù),made by hand,通過（方式、手段）,by bike,使用（交通工具）,Be back by ten oclock.,到為止，在以前,a house by a river,在附近，旁邊,I met her by chance.,因為，由于,from noon to midnight,從，后接時間,to suffer from a cold 遭受，蒙受；經(jīng)受；體驗到(痛苦等),從，后接地點,to go from London to Pari

6、s,由于，由引起,from,about 5 oclock,a story about love,大約,關(guān)于,about,2,4,1,3,with,和一起,Stay with me.,帶著，表伴隨的一種狀態(tài),enter with confidence,用工具,to stir with a spoon,因為，由于,faint with hunger 餓得發(fā)暈,【例】They fought _ their freedom. A.at B.in C.for D.to,【正確選項】 C【考查內(nèi)容】介詞for的用法【答題分析】結(jié)合句意“他們?yōu)榱俗杂啥鴳?zhàn)?！?選項中只有介詞for可以表示“為了”，故選C項。

7、,()I am sorry _ what I said to you. A.at B.in C.for D.to ()She is singing _ morning to night. A.from B.in C.since D.after,C,即時鞏固,A,考點三 表示時間的介詞,PART 03,1. at, on, in的辨析,1. Fill the blanks with proper preposition. on the morning of October 1st on a rainy afternoon on an evening with heavy snow,當(dāng)mornin

8、g、afternoon、evening被其他詞所修飾，表示特指的某一天早、中、晚時，前面的介詞應(yīng)用on。,2. Translation. 下周一我將要去上海。 I will go to Shanghai next Monday. 你去年去了巴黎嗎？Did you go to Paris last year?,當(dāng)morning、afternoon、evening、Monday（星期）、January（月份）、year、week等名詞前有this、 that 、last、next等詞修飾時，其前面的介詞通常省略。,2. for, in, since, after的辨析,2. for, in, si

9、nce, after的辨析,How long have you been a teacher？ （I have been a teacher）For 7 years. How soon will you finish the task？ （I will finish the task）In about 2 hours. She has studied in England since 2017. They started dancing after 3 oclock p.m.,3. before, by, till, until的辨析,She watched TV till/ until he

10、r mother came back. 她看電視直到她母親回來。（看電視的動作延續(xù)到母親回來才結(jié)束） She didnt watch TV until her mother came back. 直到她母親回來她才（開始）看電視。（看電視的動作直到她母親回來才發(fā)生）,用于肯定句時，主句的動詞只用延續(xù)性的，它所表示的動作一直延續(xù)到till或until表示的時間為止，意為“直到為止”； 用于否定句時，一般使用until，意為“直到（才）”。,4. during, through的辨析,【例】Jay Chou, the famous singer, was born _ January, 1979.

11、 A.at B.on C.in D.to,【正確選項】C 【考查內(nèi)容】時間介詞in的用法 【答題分析】月份前面用介詞in，由表示月份的關(guān)鍵詞January，可排除A、B、D三項，故選C項。,()When is Henrys birthday party, Lynn?_ about two oclock in the afternoon.A.In B.At C.On D.To ()She has been ill _ several days.A.for B.in C.since D.after,B,即時鞏固,A,()He hasnt heard from his son _ last wint

12、er.A.atB.in C.since D.for,C,即時鞏固,考點四 表示位置、方位的介詞,PART 04,North,West,South,East,on,in,to,表示“A在B里面”,表示“A和B相鄰（接壤）”,表示“A和B不相鄰（不接壤）”,A lies in the east of B. A lies on the west of B. A lies to the south of B.,Beijing is in the north of China.,1. 北京在中國的北部。,Korea is on the northeast of China.,2. 朝鮮在中國的東北面。,

13、Japan is to the east of China.,3.日本位于中國的東邊。,in,表示“在”，后接較大的地點,at,表示“在”，后接較小的地點,HelivesatNo.27ZhongshanstreetinWuhan. Ill wait for you at the bus stop.,below,on,under,above,over, Thereisanappleonthetable. Thereisabridgeoverthe Changjiangriver. Theysatunderabigapple tree,drinking. A bird flew above our

14、 heads. The ship disappeared below the horizon.,by,beside,near,next to,A bank was built near our school. Sit down by/ beside me. We both looked down at the newspaper beside him. Whos the boy standing next to you?,between,among,around,outside,What Jack had done was beyond my comprehension. He identif

15、ied his baggage among hundreds of others. There are many trees and flowers around the house. It feels cold outside. Go inside the house. This ship went between China and Japan.,inside,beyond,in front of,in the front of,behind,There is a computer in the front of the classroom. A river flows in front

16、of the house. He sat behind me.,along,across,through,I saw them running together along the road yesterday. Its so much safer to get across the road with traffic lights. The moonlight poured in through the window.,【例】Two planes are flying _ the city. A. through B. on C. over D. below,【正確選項】C 【考查內(nèi)容】方位

17、介詞over的用法 【答題分析】句意：兩架飛機正在城市上方飛翔。 through表示“穿過”，強調(diào)從內(nèi)部穿過； on表示“在上面”，表面相互接觸； over表示“在正上方”，二者不接觸； below表示“在下方，低于”，故選C項。,()The street is too narrow for the bus to go _. A.through B.across C.on D.in ()Do you see the kite _ the building? A.over B.across C.on D.above,B,即時鞏固,D,()Tom told me his parents had a

18、rrived _ Beijing.A.atB.on C.in D.to,即時鞏固,C,Fill the blanks with proper prepositions according to the contexts and pictures.,1. He put the computer on the desk.,2. I met Mary at the school gate this morning.,3. There is a cat under the table.,4. He saw many hills and rivers below the plane.,5. She is

19、 holding an umbrella over her head.,6. An airplane flew above the clouds.,7. Lily sat between Jack and Tom.,8. Amy smiles happily among the children.,9. Our English teacher is speaking in the front of the classroom.,10. There is a yard in front of my window.,11. They walked across the road carefully

20、.,12. The path goes through the forest.,13. The students stood around the teacher.,14. My family often have a walk along the river.,考點五 其他用途的介詞,PART 05,【例】_ lower cost, his design has many other advantages. A.Except B.Beside C.Besides D.Except that,【正確選項】C 【考查內(nèi)容】介詞besides的用法 【答題分析】結(jié)合句意：“除成本低之外，他的設(shè)計還

21、有許多其他的優(yōu)點?！眀esides“除外（還有）”，所搭配的賓語包含在論及事物之內(nèi)。故選C項。,()Most students go to school every day _ Sunday and Saturday.A.except B.beside C.besides D.except that ()Whats the TV news _? The Chinese Team won five gold medals at World Table Tennis Championships.A.at B.across C.above D.about,A,即時鞏固,D,()Nowadays, s

22、ome mobile phones can take photos _ a camera. A.forB.of C.likeD.as()We think it impolite _ him to ask the lady her age. A.for B.of C.likeD.as,C,B,真題回顧,1.（2017湖北省技能高考文化綜合試卷）It is a good idea to send these clothes and books_ the children in poor areas. A. to B. by C. at D. for,A,2.（2016湖北省技能高考文化綜合試卷）D

23、ont worry！I will be back _ a minute. Afor B. since C. in D. after,C,3.（2015湖北省技能高考文化綜合試卷）Zhang Min couldnt draw money _ the ATM because he forgot the pin. A. from B. to C. with D. for,A,基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練,1. I got an e-mail last night. It was _ my foreign friend, Tony. A.in B.on C.at D.from 2. Stephen often pract

24、ices English_ chatting with his American friend. A.in B.by C.for D.with 3. Mary s teacher was so mad _ her because she made too many mistakes in the test. A.at B.in C.on D.about,D,B,A,4. Max always chat with his friends _ English. A.on B.in C.at D.for 5. Oh, its you, Jack! Your voice sounds very dif

25、ferent _ the phone. A.from B.in C.of D.on 6. When the school building began to shake, the teachers ran downstairs _ all the students. The teachers are heroes in my heart. A.after B.with C.since D.for,B,D,A,7. _ a teacher, Anita thinks that her main duty is to help the students to become better learn

26、ers. A.By B.As C.About D.for 8. The little girl helped the old woman _ the road. A.above B.through C.across D.over 9. Coco usually gets up early _ the morning. A.on B.at C.in D.of,B,C,C,10. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile _ her face. A.on B.to C.in D.at 11. _ my opinion, the experiences in

27、 ones childhood will affect its character. A.To B.In C.For D.Among 12. TF boys are popular _ the teenagers. A.around B.between C.during D.among,A,B,D,能力提升,1. The suit fitted him well _ the colour was a little darker. A.except for B.except that C.except when D.besides 2. What do you often do _ two classes to relax yourself? List