1、Unit 1 Great scientists,Using language,Revision,Past Participle,A broken heart,polluted water,an injured person,crowded peoplebuses,Feeling,club,pleased /delighted,excited,terrified/ frightened,puzzled,surprised astonished satisfied worried -,disappointed discouraged,神舟5號,神舟6號,神舟6號,費俊龍聶海勝被授予英雄航天員榮譽(yù)稱

2、號,神舟6號,神舟7號,神舟8號,神舟9號,神舟10號,Pre-listening,What job do they do? They are astronauts. What personality is needed?,?,patient,personality,positive,strict,perseverant,confident,pleasant,unselfish,energetic,co-operative,intelligent,brave,creative,determined,polite,passionate,careful,hard-working,Can they

3、make such great achievements just on their own?,There are a lot of great scientists behind them. One of the best-known is Qian Xuesen.,It was Qian Xuesen who sent the first Chinese rocket up into space.,Father of the Chinese space programme,Listening,What do you know about Qian Xuesen? Before you li

4、sten to the tape, look at the picture and the exercises and predict the content of the listening.,rocket,satellite,astronomy,astronomer,astronaut,space programme,space industry,space institute,space flight,space ship,KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS astronomer Mars institute I have no idea. astronaut admir

5、e Right you are!,天文學(xué)家,火星,學(xué)會; 協(xié)會; 研究院,= I dont know.,宇航員,欣賞; 欽佩,Answer key for Exercise 2: Main Idea: It is about the role of Qian Xuesen in the development of space technology in China.,1. What did Qian Xuesen study first? 2. What experience did he get in America that was very useful for China? 3. W

6、hat was Qian Xuesens main achievement when he returned to China?,3 Questions,He first studied at university to be an engineer.,Work on rocket,He began his institute in China to designand build rockets to go into space.,4 Fill in the chart.,Chinese astronauts in space 2. Chinese satellites in space,b

7、ecome a rocket scientist 2. be the first to land on mars and put Qian Xuesens picture there,A GREAT CHINESE SCIENTIST Father of the Chinese space programme Yu Ping is talking to her friend Steve Smith about Qian Xuesen and his work as a rocket scientist. Part 1,Listening text,YP: What do you want to

8、 be when you grow up, Steve? SS: I want to be an astronomer and visit stars. I wish to visit Mars one day. YP: I think Id like to work in the space industry too. Id like to be a rocket scientist like Qian Xuesen. SS: What did he have to do to become a rocket scientist?,YP: Well, he first studied at

9、university to be an engineer. Later he went to America to study for his doctors degree. It was then he began to work on rockets there. SS: So it was lucky for our space programme that he came back to China.,YP: Very much so. There was no work on space rockets in China before he began his institute t

10、o design and build rockets to go into space.,Part 2 SS: Do you think he wanted to travel into space in one of his rockets? YP: I have no idea but I believe he looked forward to the first space flight by a Chinese astronaut.,SS: Yes. Now that China has sent satellites into space. I hope well be the f

11、irst to land on Mars. That would really be something special and if I were that astronaut I would put Qian Xuesens picture on Mars to show how much we admire his work.,YP: Indeed. He is rightfully called the father of the Chinese space programme. He is my hero and he is why I want to be a rocket sci

12、entist.,SS: Well, wed better get on with our homework. We need good grades to get into university. YP: Right you are. See you, then. SS: See you.,Speaking,In groups discuss a scientific job you might choose in the future.,These questions may help you: What kind of scientific job do you want to do? W

13、hat personality will be needed? What work experience would be useful? Why are you so interested in this job? What education will you need? How long will the training take? How will you prepare for this career?,Theses expressions may help you: I always wanted tobecause The experience I will need is I

14、 need to practise I think Im good at so I will need some training in I might find it difficult to My greatest problem will be to ,I will need to be/become patient, creative, hard-working, co-operative, confident, brave, positive, pleasant, polite, determined, energetic, strict with, ,MIKE: What do y

15、ou want to do when you grow up? LI RU: I want to build robots. I will have to do a physics and mathematics degree in China.,Sample conversation:,After that I hope to go abroad to Reading University in England where you can study all about robots. There is a special cybernetics (控制論) department there

16、. MIKE: What personality will be needed for that job?,LI RU: They have a lot of uses: for example, in making cars on a production line or doing other repetitive jobs. MIKE: What personality will be needed for that job?,LI RU: I think I need to be patient. For my ideas will take a long time to develo

17、p. I also need to be creative enough to have good ideas. MIKE: What experience will be most useful to you?,LI RU: I think technology and engineering projects. I hope to work in a factory in my holidays. MIKE: What kind of person makes a good inventor?,LI RU: I think someone who is happy to persevere

18、 at something and learns from his mistakes. MIKE: Thank you. I think designing robots sounds fun.,Reading and Writing,Nicolaus Copernicus,He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and ot

19、her planets went around it.,Eight Planets in the Solar System,Mercury,Mars,Venus,Earth,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,or,？,Copernicus,Showing Copernicus theory,A diagram showing the solar system with the earth at its centre,A diagram showing the solar system with the sun at its centre,Skimming,Before

20、 Copernicus theory,Birth: February 19, 1473 Death: May 24, 1543 Place of Birth: Toru, Poland Career: 1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Krakw Academy 1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna,Brief Introduction of Copernicus,1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his

21、 astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely 1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial),Mind map of the text,Paragraph 1: the background of Copernicus study,Paragraph 2: the cause of Copernicus study,Paragraph 3: the procedure of Copernicus study

22、,Paragraph 4: the result of Copernicus study,Paragraph 5: Copernicus theory replaced the Christian idea and proved correct.,1. At Copernicus time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries. 2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appear in front of or behind t

23、he earth. 3. Copernicus didnt show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.,T,F,T,True or False?,4. His friends were not interested in his ideas. 5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it. 6. Newton, Ein

24、stein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.,F,F,T,Careful reading,Read the text carefully, then answer these questions.,Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.,2. What was his theory about? (Para 1)

25、,All his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.,Why would he not tell about his theory? (Para 1),3. What had the astronomers noticed in th

26、e sky? (Para 2),They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.,4. When did Copernicus complete his theory? (Para 3),Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his

27、theory until he felt it was complete.,5. How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish his idea? (Para 4),He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round th

28、e earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round it and this explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars.,He published it as he lay dying in 1543.,6. Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac N

29、ewton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking?,Because his theory is now the base on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the Universe. He showed this was obviously

30、 wrong.,Summary,Copernicus was _ because he found the earth was not the centre of the solar _, only if you put the sun there did the _ of the other planets in the sky _. He kept improving his new theory until he felt it was _ in 1514. He suggested that the earth was _ as it went round the sun.,confu

31、sed,system,movements,make sense .,completed,spinning,His friends were _ and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was _ he didnt want to be_ by Christian Church. In fact, he was right. The Church _ his theory, saying it was against Gods idea.,enthusiastic,cautious,attacked,rejected,Bru

32、no was born five years after Copernicus died. He stuck to the Sun-centered Theory, which was against the Churchs will. In 1600, he was burnt to death.,Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar sy

33、stem. 雖然他曾經(jīng)試著不去理睬那些數(shù)字，然而 他所有的數(shù)學(xué)計算都得出同樣一個結(jié)論： 地球不是太陽系的中心。,Language Points,lead to 引起; 造成; 導(dǎo)致 This will probably lead to trouble in the future. This led to his conclusion that she was guilty. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.,All roads lead to Rome. 條條大道通羅馬。,The discovery of new

34、evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught,C,lead to + ndoing,2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中 其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。,“only + 副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句” 位于句首, 句子要倒裝。,=

35、The movements of the other planets in the sky make sense only if you put the sun there.,Only if your identity has been checked, _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in,D,Only then did I realize the importance of knowledge. Only in this way ca

36、n we work out the maths problem.,Only when _ the truth, _ to realize that she was wrong. A. did Mary hear; did she begin B. Mary hear; she began C. did Mary hear;she began D. Mary heard; did she begin,D,only if 只有; 只要 The company will succeed only if it have sufficient backing.,If only he comes earl

37、y.,如果就好了,Only if the teacher gives a permission can I enter the lab.,make sense 有意義, 有道理, 說得通 1) What you say makes no sense. 2) It would make sense to leave early. 3) Can you make sense of this poem?,你說的話沒有道理。,還是早點走好。(明智的, 合理的),你看得懂這首詩嗎？(理解或弄懂),1)表示對過去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測，或 本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做成，通常 用來說明某一情況，但不象shou

38、ld或 ought to 那樣含有責(zé)備之意。如：,would have done,3. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.,I guess the poet would have been about 20 when she wrote the poem. Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.,2) 相關(guān)知識

39、總結(jié)：,neednt have + 過去分詞，表示做了不必 做的事，譯為“其實沒必要” should have + 過去分詞, 表示應(yīng)該做某事 但實際上未做, 譯為“本應(yīng)該” should not have + 過去分詞, 表示本不應(yīng)該 做某事但實際上做了, 譯為“本不應(yīng)該”,4. work on 1) 從事,She is working on a new novel. (= She is writing a new novel.) 2) 繼續(xù)工作 Theyll work on till sunset. 他們將繼續(xù)工作，直到日落。 3) 致力于 He has been working on a

40、 new novel for over a year now. 近一年多來，他一直在寫一部新小說。,6. enthusiastic: having or demonstrating enthusiasm adj. 熱心的，滿腔熱情的,enthusiastic support 熱情的支持,be enthusiastic about 對某事充滿熱情,5. complete vt. & adj. 完成；完整的，完成的,The workers havent completed the house yet. (vt.) When will the work be complete? (adj.),7.

41、He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上, 而行星 則圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn), 只有月球仍然繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。 with the planets going round it是with + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu), 在句中作狀語。這一 結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作定語或狀語, 作賓補(bǔ)的可以 是介詞短語、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞或 動詞不定式等?，F(xiàn)將其基本形式歸納如

42、下：,(1) With + n./pron.+介詞短語 He sat there with a smile on his face. (2) With + n./pron.+副詞 With Mr. Smith away, weve got more room. (3) With + n./pron. +不定式 With so much work to do, he could not go home. (4) With + n./pron. +現(xiàn)在分詞 The street was quiet with no buses running. (5) With + n./pron. +過去分詞 I

43、n came a man with his hands tied back. (6) With + n./pron.+形容詞 He wore a shirt, with the neck open, showing his bare chest.,If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years?,Give reasons,Debate,Yes/No, As a scientist, one should be brave. But Copernicus was afraid

44、 of being attacked by the Christian Church. So he had hidden his theory for so many years. What do you think of this?,Agree: 1. He was cautious. If he had published his ideas, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burned to death because his theory was against the Christian Church.,2. Ever

45、y time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. Its normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth. 3. It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a hurry. He was just cautious not a coward. He should protect himself first.,Disagree: 1. Copernicus was very coward. He should speak out his discovery and let the world know the truth earlier. 2. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their belief