計算機專業(yè)英語 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 一 TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese 寫出下列詞組的漢語 1 database2 flat filedatabase3 relationaldatabase4 datastructure5 builtin6 coding7 machinelanguage8 propertywindow 1 數(shù)據(jù)庫2 平面文件數(shù)據(jù)庫3 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫4 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)5 內(nèi)嵌的 固有的6 寫代碼 編碼7 機器語言8 屬性窗口 9 softwarecrisis10 objectmodel11 blackboxtesting12 whiteboxtesting13 bug14 softwaremaintenance15 RequirementsAnalysis Specification 9 軟件危機10 對象模型11 黑盒測試12 白盒測試13 錯誤14 軟件維護(hù)15 需求分析和說明 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 二 FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations 根據(jù)漢語寫出相應(yīng)的英語縮寫 1 結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語言2 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)3 集成開發(fā)環(huán)境4 多文檔界面5 單文檔界面6 面向?qū)ο蠓治? 面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計8 面向?qū)ο蟪绦?1 SQL2 RDBMS3 IDE4 MDL5 SDI6 OOA7 OOD8 OOP 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 三 TranslatethefollowingwordsintoEnglish 根據(jù)漢語寫出相應(yīng)的英語 1 客戶機 服務(wù)器2 二維的3 點擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵4 調(diào)試程序5 高級語言6 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版7 代碼窗口8 軟件生命周期9 軟件測試10 數(shù)據(jù)流圖 client server rightclick high levellanguage codewindow twodimensional debugtheprogram standardedition softwarelifecycle data flowdiagram softwaretesting 二 Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue T orfalse F 判斷正誤 F 1 Client serverdatabasesystemisnolongerinusenow 2 F1at filestyleofdatabaseissuitableforlargeamountsofdata 3 SQLServercanallowmanyuserstovisitthedatabaseatthesametime 4 Maintenanceofprogramsisnotasimportantasthedevelopment 5 High levellanguageispopular becauseitisdirectlyexecutableincomputerwithoutcompiling T F F F 6 Therearevariouslanguagesforhumans whereas 然而 thereisonlyoneprogramminglanguageforcomputer 7 ThewindowsthataredisplayedwhenyoustartVBareknownastheVisualBasicIntegratedDevelopmentEnvironment IDE 8 softwareengineeringcoversnotonlythetechnicalaspectsofbuildingsoftwaresystems butalsomanagementissues 9 OODisthestageofcreationandOOPisanimplementationstage 10 Whiteboxtestingrequiresthetestertohaveknowledgeoftheinternalstructure T F T T T 三 Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn 連線題 一 1 DBMSa 結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語言2 relationaldatabaseb 維護(hù)3 SQL StructuredQueryLanguage c 高級語言4 compiletheprogramd 數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)5 high levellanguagee 多文檔界面6 MDI Multi DocumentInterface f 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫7 Maintenanceg 編譯程序8 Object orientedDesign OOD h 軟件測試9 softwaretestingi 黑盒測試10 blackboxtestingj 面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計 1 d2 f3 a4 g5 c6 e7 b8 j9 h10 i 二 1 machinelanguagea 調(diào)試2 assemblylanguageb 功能測試3 debuggingc 窗體4 functionaltestingd 匯編語言5 whiteboxtestinge 機器語言6 formf 白盒測試7 projectwindowg 表記錄8 fieldh 結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計9 structuredprogrammingi 工程窗口10 tablerecordj 字段 1 e2 d3 a4 b5 f6 c7 i8 j9 h10 g 四 Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow andchangetheformwherenecessary 從下面方框中選擇合適的詞或表達(dá) 以其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?systemgroupdimensionalnamedesigncataloglocationright LikemanyotherRDBMSs SQLServerusestwotablestostoredata Thesetablesarecalledordictionaries hisasecuresystemandallowyoutoassigntoindividualusers Bydefault ituseatodistinguishamongdifferentSQLSevers Tocreateanewdatabase youneedtospecifya Andyoumayalsochangetheofthedatabaseduringthisprocess Anewdatabasecomeswithover10tables Tocreateanewtable youcanuseatablewindow dimensional catalogs rights group name location system design Aprogramminglanguage designedtothecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers isafordescribingcomputationinreadableform Thereare3levelsofprogramminglanguages theyare whichcanberundirectlybycomputer and Therearedifferenthigh levelprogramminglanguages Fortunately mustofthemhavemanykindsofincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbe Therefore firstthingtobedecidedaboutataskistochoosewhichprogramminglanguageisbestsuitedforthejob high levellanguageassemblylanguagewrittenmachinelanguagefacilitatenotationconstruct facilitate notation machinelanguage assemblylanguage high levellanguage constructs written Softwaretesting whichisdefinedastheexecutionofaprogramtofindits isavitalpartofthesoftwarelifecycle Therearedifferenttypesoftesting mainly theyareorfunctionaltesting whichtestswhethertheistheexpectedresultwiththeinput andwhichisperformedtoproblemswiththestructureofaprogram Debuggingistheprocessofanalyzingandlocatingbugswhensoftwaredoesnotbehaveasexpected Softwaretestingisamuchmoremeansofidentifyingsoftware Therefore debuggingsupportstestingotherthanreplacingtesting blackboxtestinginternalbugthoroughrevealoutputfaultsvalidwhiteboxtesting faults blackboxtesting valid output whiteboxtesting reveal internal thorough bugs 五 Translation 翻譯 一 TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese 將下列句子翻譯成漢語 1 Adatabasesystemisasoftwaresystemwhichcanmanageadatabasestoredincomputerfiles 2 Relationaldatabasesalsohavefunctions builtin thathelpthemtoget sortandeditthedatainmanydifferentways 譯 數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)是一類軟件系統(tǒng) 可以管理用計算機文件形式存放的數(shù)據(jù)庫 譯 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫還具有 內(nèi)置 的功能幫助其用多種方式獲取 排序和編輯數(shù)據(jù) 3 SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient serverdatabasesystem 4 Duringthelastfewyears ithasbeenrealizedthatmaintenanceofprogramsismoreexpensivethandevelopment SOreadingofprogramsbyhumansisasimportantaswritingthem 5 Programminglanguagesaredesignedtofacilitatethecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers 譯 SQLServer被設(shè)計為充許數(shù)千用戶同時訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫 并且是真正的客戶機 服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng) 譯 在最近的幾年中 人們已經(jīng)意識到程序的維護(hù)比程序的開發(fā)更昂貴 因此程序的閱讀和書寫一樣重要 譯 程序設(shè)計語言用于使人類和計算機之間的交流更容易 6 Fortunatelymostprogramminglanguageshavemanykindsofconstructsincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbewritten 7 Someapplications suchasWord allowforseveralwindowsinaspecialmodecalledMDIinwhichyoucanopenmultipledocumentswithinthesameapplication 8 Fordevelopingasoftwareproduct thedevelopmentprocessisdividedinto5stages RequirementsAnalysis Specification Design Coding Testing andMaintenance 譯 幸運的是大多數(shù)的程序語言有很多種相同架構(gòu) 只是在書寫的方式上有所不同 譯 一些應(yīng)用程序 如Word 允許一些表單窗口使用MDI模式 使你能夠在一個軟件中打開多個數(shù)據(jù)文檔 譯 開發(fā)一個軟件產(chǎn)品 開發(fā)過程分為5步 需求分析和說明 設(shè)計 編碼 測試和維護(hù) 9 Object orientationmayincreaseproductivitybecauseOOAandOOD ifdonecorrectly resultinproductsthatarecleaner moreunderstandable andeasiertoimplementandtest 10 Functionaltestingtestswhethertheoutputistheexpectedresultwiththevalidinput 譯 面向?qū)ο蠓椒梢蕴岣呱a(chǎn)效率是因為面向?qū)ο蠓治龊驮O(shè)計 如果正確執(zhí)行了面向?qū)ο蠓椒?可以產(chǎn)生出更清晰 更易理解 更容易實現(xiàn)和測試的軟件 譯 功能測試是檢查使用有效的輸入是否能得到所期望的輸出 二 TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese 將下列各段翻譯成漢語 1 SQLServerisaRDBMS RelationalDatabaseManagementSystem madebyMicrosoft Thismeansthatthedataisstoredintwodimensionaltables RDBMSsa11havetablescalledcatalogsordictionariesthatcontaininformationabouttheparticulardatabases SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient serverdatabasesystem ItismuchmoresecurethanAccess Rightscanbeassignedtoindividualusersandadministrators Forexampleyoucansetuponeuserthatcanonlyinsertdatainthedatabasebutcannotdeleteany 譯 SQLServer是Microsoft開發(fā)的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng) 這意味著數(shù)據(jù)存儲在二維的表中 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)都具有被稱為目錄或字典的表 其中包含待定數(shù)據(jù)庫的信息 SQLServer被設(shè)計為允許數(shù)千用戶同時訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫 并且是真正的客戶機 服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng) 比Access更加安全 可以為個別用戶和管理員分配權(quán)限 例如您可以設(shè)置某個用戶只能在數(shù)據(jù)庫中插入數(shù)據(jù) 而不能刪除任何數(shù)據(jù) 2 Ahigh levellanguageisanartificiallanguagewithwhichwecanwritevariousinstruction Thisispossiblenotbecausecomputerprocessorsarenowsotechnologicallyadvancedthattheycan understand theselanguages Youshouldtranslatefromprogramminglanguagesintomachinelanguagewhichcanbeunderstoodbythecomputerprocessors Compilerscanaccomplishthistask Thisdoesmeanthatahigh levellanguageprogramisnotdirectlyexecutable itmustbecompiledtoproduceprocessorprogram whichisexecutable 譯 高級語言是一種人造語言 使用它我們可以寫不同的指令 這成為可能不是因為計算機處理器的技術(shù)如今是如此先進(jìn)以至于它們可以理解這些語言 你需要將這些語言翻譯成計算機處理器能夠理解的機器語言 編譯器能夠完成這項工作 這就意味著高級語言程序不是直接可執(zhí)行的 它必