初中英語國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音標(biāo)練習(xí)前元音4個(gè)IIE后元音5個(gè)UU單元音12個(gè)中元音3個(gè)合口雙元音5個(gè)EIUAIAUI元音20個(gè)雙元音8個(gè)集中雙元音3個(gè)IU清輔音11個(gè)PTKFSTTRTSHBDGVZDDRDZL輔音28個(gè)濁輔音17個(gè)MNJWR/I/BEE/BI/FEET/FIT/KEEP/KIP/KEY/KI/TEAM/TIM/MEET/MIT/I/IT/IT/BIG/BIG/CITY/SITI/GIVE/GIV/SICK/SIK/E/GET/GET/BEST/BEST/TEXT/TEKST/HELP/HELP/FAT/FT/HAVE/HV/CAT/KT/BACK/BK/HAT/HT/A/LAUGH/LAF/GLASS/GLAS/HALF/HAF/FARM/FAM/PARK/PAK/HORSE/HS/SAW/S/CORN/KN/COURSE/KS/SALT/ST/DOG/DG/POT/PT/COST/KST/WHAT/WT/HONEST/NIST/U/FOOD/FUD/MOON/MUN/RULE/RUL/LOOSE/LUS/NOON/NUN/U/BOOK/BUK/PUT/PUT/GOOD/GUD/WOULD/WUD/COULD/KUD/MUST/MST/DOES/DZ/MONEY/MNI/UGLY/GLI/COME/KM/NURSE/NS/BIRD/BD/BURN/BN/TURN/TN/GIRL/GL/BETTER/BET/NEVER/NEV/WORKER/WK/WELCOME/WELKM/EI/MAY/MEI/NAME/NEIM/GAME/GEIM/EIGHT/EIT/AGE/EID/U/NO/NU/HOME/HUM/HOPE/HUP/WROTE/RUT/NOTE/NUT/POSE/PUZ/AI/EYE/AI/TIME/TAIM/BUY/BAI/RIGHT/RAIT/BIKE/BAIK/KITE/KAIT/AU/NOW/NAU/OUT/AUT/HOW/HAU/ABOUT/BAUT/SOUTH/SAU/HOUSE/HAUS/I/BOY/BI/TOY/TI/NOISE/NIZ/VOICE/VIS/POINT/PINT/COIN/KIN/I/EAR/I/NEAR/NI/IDEA/AIDI/HEAR/HI/MERE/MI/SPEAR/SPI/AIR/TEAR/T/CARE/K/DARE/D/FAIR/F/THERE/U/TOUR/TU/POOR/PU/SURE/U/MOOR/MU/停泊YOUR/JU/P/PEA/PI/PIE/PAI/TOP/TP/CAP/KP/PEOPLE/PIPL/PRIDE/PRAID/B/BEE/BI/BY/BAI/BUY/BAI/BLACK/BLK/BEAR/B/T/LET/LET/SAT/ST/FEET/FIT/TEAM/TIM/TIDE/TAID/D/LED/LED/SAD/SD/FEED/FID/DO/DU/DEAR/DI/K/LACK/LK/TAKE/TEIK/CLOCK/KLK/CLASS/KLAS/WEEKEND/WIKEND/G/BIG/BIG/LAG/LG/GLASS/GLAS/GUM/GM/GOOD/GUD/GUEST/GEST/F/FACE/FEIS/FAST/FAST/LEAF/LIF/SURF/SF/FAVORITE/FEIVRIT/V/VERY/VERI/FIVE/FAIV/FEVER/FIV/SERVE/SV/NEVER/NEV/BATH/BA/V洗澡THICK/IK/MOUTH/MAU/BREATH/BRE/N呼吸THOUGHT/T/AUTHOR/TRUTH/TRU/THE/THEY/EI/THAT/T/MOTHER/M/THUS/S/THEN/EN/S/FACE/FEIS/MOUSE/MAUS/CAKES/KEIKS/CAPS/KPS/LIKES/LAIKS/STOPS/STPS/Z/CLOSE/KLUZ/KEYS/KIZ/BOYS/BIZ/PENS/PENZ/HALVES/HAVZ/T/CATCH/KT/CHEEP/TIP/RICH/RIT/WATCH/WT/CHILD/TAILD/QUESTION/KWESTN/TEACH/TIT/CHALLENGE/TLIND/D/ORANGE/RID/LARGE/LAD/JUICE/DUS/JOB/DB/TR/TREE/TRI/TRY/TRAI/TRUE/TRU/TROUBLE/TRAUBL/TRACK/TRK/DR/DRY/DRAI/DREAM/DRIM/DRESS/DRES/DRINK/DRIK/HUNDRED/HNDRID/SHE/I/SHARP/AP/FISH/FI/SHOCK/K/SHOE/U/PLEASURE/PLE/MEASURE/ME/TELEVISION/TELIVIN/TS/LETS/LETS/SPORTS/SPTS/PUTS/PUTS/WRITES/RAITS/SEATS/SITS/DZ/HANDS/HNDZ/BIRDS/BDZ/FRIENDS/FREINDZ/BEDS/BEDZ/STANDS/STNDZ/H/HE/HI/HARD/HAD/HIM/HIM/HEARD/HD/HALF/HAF/L/LIKE/LAIK/LATE/LEIT/LEARN/LN/LEAD/LID/LIGHT/LAIT/M/MY/MAI/MORE/M/SEEM/SIM/MEAT/MIT/MIND/MAIND/MEN/MEN/N/NICE/NAIS/WIND/WAIND/MIND/MAIND/RAIN/REIN/FINE/FAIN/SING/SI/WING/WI/RING/RI/LONG/L/BEAUTIFUL/BJUTFL/J/YOU/JU/FEW/FJU/YARD/JAD/MUSIC/MJUZIK/STUDENT/STJUDNT/EXCUSE/IKSKJUZ/W/WORK/WK/WAY/WEI/WELL/WEL/WHAT/WT/TWELVE/TWELV/TWIN/TWIN/R/RED/RED/ROAD/RUD/WRITE/RAIT/WRONG/R/PROBLEM/PRBLM/音標(biāo)綜合練習(xí)1/I/I/E/BIT/WIK/DIL/RIL/KID/DIG/KWIK/TIP/ZIP/RID/WIL/FIL/BITWEEKDEALREALKIDDIGQUICKTIPZIPRIDWILLFILL/PET/PK/GP/KG/NG/RM/BTL/SED/HPI/TEN/RED/PETPACKGAPCAPNAGRAMBATTLESAIDHAPPYTENRED/SETL/TR/DIPEND/SETTLETRASHDEPEND2/A/U/U/ASK/MASK/PAST/FRANS/D/LN/NT/PZ/FKS/SK/ASKMASKPASTFRANCEODDLAWNNAUGHTPAUSEFOXSOCK/FA/LAD/MAK/LD/T/STM/PT/KRP/T/PRMIS/FARLARGEMARKLORDTORCHSTORMPOTCROPTHOUGHTPROMISE/HUK/LUS/SUT/TUK/MUD/RU/PUL/WUD/HOOKLOOSESOOTTOOKMOODTHROUGHPULLWOOD3/BZ/DL/HRI/GLF/TRBL/N/SF/TN/BEG/TK/BUSSDULLHURRYGULFTROUBLEEARNSURFTURNERBEGGERTUCK/KB/K/MERIK/SK/KMP/SVEI/PVEID/PHPS/CURBIRKAMERICASOCCERCAMPERSURVEYPERVADEPERHAPS/BLESK/MD/BURLESQUEMURDER3/EI/U/AI/AU/I/KEIP/GREIT/MEIN/PRPUZ/MUN/STUN/UV/SAIT/KAPEGREATMAINPROPOSEMOTIONSTONEOVERSIGHT/RAIM/DAUT/TAIPIST/AUST/MIST/IST/RHYMEDOUBTTYPISTOUSTMOISTOYSTER4/I/U/VI/F/D/SK/BUN/GUD/RURL/PI/KLMBI/VEERAFFAIRDARESCAREBOURNGOURDRURALAPPEARCOLOMBIA/MTIRIL/MISTIRIS/MATERIALMYSTERIOUS5/MN/IF/T/N/FEI/TGE/K/MSELVZ/MONTHTHIEFTHATTHANFAITHTOGETHERTHANKTHEMSELVES元音音素/I/【衣發(fā)長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)】/I/【衣急促地發(fā)聲】/E/【哎發(fā)這個(gè)音的時(shí)候不要把“哎”的給讀出來，嘴唇放松自然地讀】/【哎發(fā)這個(gè)音的時(shí)候不要把“哎”的給讀出來，嘴唇扁平地發(fā)】/【額發(fā)長(zhǎng)音】/【額發(fā)短音】/【阿嘴巴微微地張開發(fā)出這個(gè)音就可以了】/A/【啊嘴巴長(zhǎng)到最大】/【哦急促】/【哦聲音拖長(zhǎng)】/U/【烏急促】/U/【烏聲音拖長(zhǎng)】/EI/【有點(diǎn)像答應(yīng)人的“誒”的聲音】/AI/【唉】/I/【哦喂連著讀】/U/【嘔】/AU/【傲】/I/【衣餓連著讀】/【哎餓連著讀】/U/【烏餓連著讀】輔音音素/P/【普不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/B/【不不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/T/【特不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/D/【得不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/K/【克不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/G/【各不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/F/【福不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/V/【有點(diǎn)像摩托車啟動(dòng)的聲音，“嗚嗚嗚”地，但是是像發(fā)“VVV”一樣，不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/S/【絲像蛇吐芯子發(fā)出的那種聲音，不要把給讀出來，輕音】/Z/【就是/S/的濁音】/【牙齒咬住舌頭的輕音】/【牙齒咬住舌頭的濁音】/【西不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/【衣不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/H/【喝不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/R/【若不要把U給發(fā)出來，濁音】/T/【七不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/D/【姬不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/TR/【缺不要把U給發(fā)出來，輕音】/DR/【撅不要把U給發(fā)出來，濁音】/TS/【次不要把給發(fā)出來，輕音】/DZ/【自不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/M/【嘴巴閉住，然后發(fā)音，氣流從鼻子出來，濁音】/N/【嘴巴微張，舌尖頂住上顎，氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來，濁音】/【嘴巴長(zhǎng)大，舌頭向下彎曲，氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來，濁音】/L/【有兩個(gè)讀音。一是放在音標(biāo)結(jié)尾發(fā)嘔，濁音；而是放在音標(biāo)中發(fā)了，濁音】/W/【我不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】/J/【呀不要把給發(fā)出來，濁音】所謂濁音，就是聲帶要振動(dòng)的音；輕音就是發(fā)出了但聲帶卻不振動(dòng)的音所有的元音都是濁音，聲帶都要振動(dòng)。1關(guān)于語音的幾個(gè)概念1字母語言的書寫形式。元音字母A,E,IY,O,U,2音標(biāo)詞的語音形式。3音素音的最小的單位。英語中有48音素。4音節(jié)由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位。APPLE,STUDENT,TEACHER,UNDERSTAND5元音發(fā)音響亮，是樂音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語中有20元音。6輔音發(fā)音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語中有28輔音。7開音節(jié)A輔音元音輔音ENAMEBIKEB輔音元音HE,GO,HI8閉音節(jié)A輔音元音輔音BAD,BED,SIT,HOT,CUPB元音輔音IT9重讀音節(jié)單詞中發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)。2元音注意下面空方括號(hào)是電腦無法輸入的音標(biāo)1ISEA,HE,SEE,PIECE,CEILING2ISIT,BUILD,MISS,MYTH3EBED,DESK,HEAD,4BAD,LAND,BANK,STAMP5ACAR,FAST,CLASS,PLANT,CALM,AUNT6HOT,WANT7DOOR,MORE,SPORT,BALL,WARM,AUTHOR,COURT,BOUGHT,CAUGHT8UGOOD,WHO,BLUE,SOUP,9ULOOK,PUT,WOMEN,COULD10CUP,COME,BLOOD,ROUGH11GIRL,WORK,SERVE,NURSE12CADRE,AGO,FORGET,POLITE,DOLLAR,DOCTOR,FAMOUS,SATURDAY13EICAKE,THEY,PLAY,EIGHT,GREAT,14AIBIKE,DIE,NEITHER,LIGHT,TRY,FIND,HEIGHT,EYE15UPHONE,COLD,BOAT,SOUL,GROW16AUHOUSE,TOWN17IBOY,OIL18IDEAR,IDEA,DEER,HERE,FIERCE,19PEAR,CARE,THERE,FAIR20UTOUR,POOR,3容易混淆的元音1EBEDBADMEN,MANPEN,PANLENDLAND2IEIREALRAILGREET,GREATMEAN,MAINREADRAID3EAIBETBITEREDWRITESAIDSIDE,HEAD,HIDE4AUHOUSEHORSELOUDLORDSOUTHSAUCENOWNORCOUNTCORNCLOUDCLAUSE5AUFOUNDFONDGOWNGONEDOWNDON4輔音1PPEN,2BBED,COMB3TTELL,4D,DAY,PLAYED,WANTED5KCOLD,SKY,QUICK,SCHOOL,BACK,ACCEPT,BOX6GBIG,GO,GUESS,LANGUAGE7MMAN8NNINE,KNIFE,AUTUMN9BANK,UNCLE,ENGLISH,SING,10LLAND,WORLD11RREAD,WRITE,12FFIVE,COUGH,LAUGH13VVOICE,OF14THINK,15THIS,BATHE16SSIT,MISS,SCIENCE,CASE,SCARF17ZZOO,CLOSE,18SURE,SHE,SOCIAL,NATION19/PLEASURE,20HHOT,WHO,HOUR21WWALL,WHAT,ANSWER22JYES23TCHILD,TEACH,CATCH24D/JOKE,BRIDGE,25TSBOATS26DZGOODS27TRTREE28DRDREAM5容易混淆的輔音1VWVETWETVESTWESTVINEWINEVERYWELL2SSINKTHINKSORTTHOUGHTMISSMYTHMASSMATH3ZCLOSINGCLOTHINGBREEZEBREATHEBAYSBATHES4NTHINTHINGSINSINGBANBANGWINWINGRANRANG6讀音規(guī)則1重讀音節(jié)見元音和輔音的例句2非重讀音節(jié)BANANA,STUDENT,TODAY,AFTER,IORANGE,SECRET,EVENING,VERY,MONDAY7特殊讀音1音的連讀NOTATALL,HALFANHOUR,ILOVEYOUANDALLAFTERALL2失去爆破GOODGIRL,GOODSTUDENT,GOODJOB,EXPRESSION,SCHOOL,EXTREME3音的同化THISYEAR,WOULDYOUDOITCANTYOUSEEIT8重音1單詞重音A雙音節(jié)詞A一般在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀。LETTER,SORRYB有A,BE,DE,RE,RES,IN,IM,EN,EM,ES,EX,CON,COM,DIS,MIS,PRE,PER,PRO,TRANS等前綴的詞，第二個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。ABOUT,BELIEVE,ADDRESS,DECIDE,REPORT,CONDEMN,RESPECT,COMPARE,INFORM,DISCUSS,IMPRESS,MISTAKE,ENFORCE,PREPARE,EMPLOY,PERMIT,ESCAPE,PRODUCE,EXCLAIM,TRANSLATEC有DE,IN,RE,CON,PRE等前綴的重音與詞義和詞類有關(guān),一般名詞的重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上，其它的詞性在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上。RECORD,RECORDINSULT,INSULTCONDUCT,CONDUCTPRESENTPRESENTCONTENT,CONTENTD有些復(fù)合詞和帶有前綴RE,EX,UN,PRE,POST,等的詞，有兩個(gè)重音。OUTSIDE,RETELL,WELLKNOWN,UNREAL,FIFTEEN,CHINESE,PREWAR,POSTWARB多音節(jié)詞A一般倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。DIFFICULT,COMMUNIST,FAMILY,ECONOMY,OPPORTUNITY,DEMOCRACYB有一些雙音節(jié)詞，加了前綴和后綴成了多音節(jié)，但這些詞按原來詞根的重音讀音。CAREFULLY,INDEFINITE,COMFORTABLE,CONDUCTOR,ACCORDING,DISTURBANCE,COMPLICATED,ESTABLISHMENT,C詞尾有EOUS,GRAHPY,IAL,IAN,IC,ICS,IENCE,IENT,IFY,ION,IOUS,ITY,IVE后綴的詞，重音在這些后綴的前一個(gè)音節(jié)上。COURTEOUS,CALLIGRAPHY,EDITORIAL,HISTORIAN,PERIODIC,MATHEMATICS,EXPERIENCE,SUFFICIENT,IDENTIFY,TRANSLATION,RELIGIOUS,CURIOSITY,PROTECTIVED詞尾有AIN,EE,EER,ESE,ETTE后綴的詞，重音在該后綴上，而且有一個(gè)次重音。ENTERTAIN,EMPLOYEE,MOUNTAINEER,JAPANESE,CIGARETTE2句子重音A英語的節(jié)奏（輕）輕重輕（輕）或重輕（輕）（輕）重B英語句子的長(zhǎng)短是由句子中的重讀詞的數(shù)目決定的，而不是象漢語那樣由句子中的漢字?jǐn)?shù)目決定的。C實(shí)詞重讀（副詞重讀），虛詞輕讀冠詞，單音節(jié)介詞，單音節(jié)連詞，人稱代詞，反代詞，物主代詞，關(guān)系代詞，相互代詞，助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞BED實(shí)詞不重讀的特殊情況A實(shí)詞第二次出現(xiàn)HETHINKSOFTHATASACHILDTHINKSB一個(gè)名詞被第二個(gè)名詞修飾IMETHERINTHERAILWAYSTATIONC代替詞WHICHBOOKDOYOUWANTTHESMALLONED感嘆詞中的WHAT和HOWWHATAGOODDAYITISHOWBEAUTIFULSHEISESTREET在專有名詞中WANGFUJINGSTREETFTHIS在這些短語中，THISMORNING/AFTERNOON/EVENINGE虛詞重讀的特殊情況A情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞BE在句首，句尾和否定時(shí)。DOYOULIKEITYES,IDOAREYOUADOCTORYES,IAMCANYOUHELPMEYES,ICANIDONTLIKEYOUHEISNTAWORKERB情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示可能，驚奇和肯定時(shí)。THEYMAYCOMETHISEVENINGCANITBEFIVEALREADYHEMUSTBEINTHEROOMC介詞在句首和句尾。INTHEBOX,HEFOUNDALETTERHEISTHEPERSONITALKEDWITHD引導(dǎo)復(fù)合句的連詞在句首。IFYOUWISH,ILLVISITYOUWHENHECOMES,ILLTELLHIME反身代詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。HECOULDNTCOMEHIMSELF英語發(fā)音連讀的規(guī)則連讀的條件相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個(gè)意群。連讀所構(gòu)成的音節(jié)一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過，不可讀得太重，也不可音。連讀符號(hào)1“輔音元音”型連讀在同一個(gè)意群里，如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開頭，這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。IMANENGLISHBOYITISANOLDBOOKLETMEHAVEALOOKATITMSBLACKWORKEDINANOFFICELASTYESTERDAYICALLEDYOUHALFANHOURAGOPUTITON,PLEASENOTATALLPLEASEPICKITUP2“R/RE元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞是以R或者RE結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開頭，這時(shí)的R或RE不但要發(fā)/R/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來連讀。THEYREMYFATHERANDMOTHERILOOKEDFORITHEREANDTHERETHEREISAFOOTBALLUNDERITTHEREARESOMEBOOKSONTHEDESKHEREISALETTERFORYOUHEREAREFOUREGGSBUTWHEREISMYCUPWHEREAREYOURBROTHERANDSISTER但是，如果一個(gè)音節(jié)的前后都有字母R，即使后面的詞以元音開頭，也不能連讀。THEBLACKCLOUDSARECOMINGNEARERANDNEARER（NEARER與AND不可連讀）3“輔音半元音”型連讀英語語音中的/J/和/W/是半元音，如果前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以半元音，特別是/J/開頭，此時(shí)也要連讀。THANKYOUNICETOMEETYOUDIDYOUGETTHERELATEAGAINWOULDYOULIKEACUPOFTEACOULDYOUHELPME,PLEASE“音的同化”常把/D/J/讀成/DV/，DIDYOU聽上成了/DIDVU/，WOULDYOU成了/WUDVU/，COULDYOU成了/KUDVU/。4“元音元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞以元音開頭，這兩個(gè)音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。IAMCHINESEHEISVERYFRIENDLYTOMESHEWANTSTOSTUDYENGLISHHOWANDWHYDIDYOUCOMEHERESHECANTCARRYITITLLTAKEYOUTHREEHOURSTOWALKTHERETHEQUESTIONISTOOEASYFORHIMTOANSWER5當(dāng)短語或從句之間按意群進(jìn)行停頓時(shí)，意群與意群之間即使有兩個(gè)相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。ISITAHATORACAT（HAT與OR之間不可以連讀）THEREISAGOODBOOKINMYDESK（BOOK與IN之間不可以連讀）CANYOUSPEAKENGLISHORFRENCH（ENGLISH與OR之間不可以連讀）SHALLWEMEETATEIGHTORTENTOMORROWMORNING（MEET與AT，EIGHT與OR之間不可以連讀）SHEOPENEDTHEDOORANDWALKEDIN（DOOR與AND之間不可以連讀）失去爆破6個(gè)爆破音有3對(duì)/P/，/B/，/T/，/D/，/K/，/G/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情況下，只須做出發(fā)音的準(zhǔn)備，但并不發(fā)音，稍稍停頓后就發(fā)后面的音。1“爆破音爆破音”型6個(gè)爆破音中的任意2個(gè)相臨時(shí)，前一個(gè)爆破音會(huì)失去爆破，即由相關(guān)的發(fā)音器官做好這個(gè)發(fā)音的姿勢(shì)，稍做停頓后即發(fā)后面的爆破音。THEGIRLINTHEREDCOATWASONABLACKBIKEJUSTNOWTHEBIGBUSFROMTHEFACTORYISFULLOFPEOPLEWHATTI