CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBER宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)第一章一、教材上的思考與練習(xí)題參考答案（梗概）1GDP與GNP這兩個(gè)指標(biāo)的運(yùn)用功能有何差異答GDP衡量的是一國領(lǐng)土范圍內(nèi)或境內(nèi)所有產(chǎn)出的總產(chǎn)值，而不管這些產(chǎn)值的所有者是本國公民還是外國公民。GNP衡量的是一國國民或公民的總收入，而不管其收入是從國內(nèi)還是從國外獲取的。由于來自國外的凈要素收入的數(shù)據(jù)不足，GNP較難統(tǒng)計(jì)，GDP則較易衡量；GDP相對(duì)于GNP來說是國內(nèi)就業(yè)潛力的更好衡量指標(biāo)（如本國使用外資時(shí)解決的是本國就業(yè)問題）。2某國的企業(yè)大量縮減在國內(nèi)的投資，增加在國外的投資，這對(duì)該國的GDP與GNP有何影響答會(huì)減少該國的GDP或者放緩該國GDP的增長(zhǎng)速度，并增加該國的GNP。3闡釋GDP的三種統(tǒng)計(jì)方法的基本理論原理。答生產(chǎn)法是從生產(chǎn)的角度，按市場(chǎng)價(jià)格首先計(jì)算各部門提供的產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)中的增加值，然后再將各部門的增加值相加即為統(tǒng)計(jì)期內(nèi)的GDP。一個(gè)國家在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的全部最終產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)會(huì)被各經(jīng)濟(jì)主體所購買，因此，將各經(jīng)濟(jì)主體在該時(shí)期的購買額或支出額加總，便可得到全部最終產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)的總產(chǎn)值即GDP。這便是支出法的基本原理。一個(gè)國家在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)的GDP是由勞動(dòng)、資本等各種生產(chǎn)要素和政府這一服務(wù)性要素共同創(chuàng)造出來的，因此，它會(huì)分解為各種要素的收入。于是，將這些要素收入全部加總并進(jìn)行必要的技術(shù)調(diào)整，便可得到對(duì)應(yīng)的GDP。這是收入法的基本原理。4登陸國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局網(wǎng)站（WWWSTATSGOVCN），閱讀最近一個(gè)年份的國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展統(tǒng)計(jì)公報(bào)，了解該年的GDP等數(shù)據(jù)。答略。5教師在課堂上提問在兩部門經(jīng)濟(jì)中，YCS，那人們?cè)诳诖械牧阌缅X和用于購買股票、債券的收入不是沒有被計(jì)入嗎誰來解釋一下學(xué)生大頭回答說，這些收入在國民收入總量中占的比例很小，所以可以忽略不計(jì)。學(xué)生大眼回答說，因?yàn)閮?chǔ)蓄被定義為總收入中未用于消費(fèi)的部分，所以購買股票、債券的收入及零用錢被歸于儲(chǔ)蓄（S）中計(jì)入進(jìn)去了。你同意誰的看法答大眼說得對(duì)。6從GDP指標(biāo)的局限性出發(fā)，分析樹立科學(xué)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展觀的重要性。答正是由于GDP有很大的局限性，不能完全真實(shí)地反映國民的福利享受狀況，所以不能單純地追求GDP的增長(zhǎng)，而要樹立科學(xué)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展觀，GDP的增長(zhǎng)不是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的唯一內(nèi)容。譬如，環(huán)境問題是GDP所不能反映的，GDP的增長(zhǎng)在很多情況下甚至是以破壞環(huán)境為代價(jià)的。7下列哪些項(xiàng)目計(jì)入GDP哪些項(xiàng)目在計(jì)算GNP時(shí)要計(jì)入答（1）不計(jì)入。（2）計(jì)入GDP。（3）計(jì)入GDP。（4）計(jì)入GDP。（5）計(jì)算GNP時(shí)要計(jì)入。（6）計(jì)算GNP時(shí)要計(jì)入（減去）。（7）18萬元計(jì)入GDP。二、附加的思考與練習(xí)題及參考答案（一）判斷題1電力有時(shí)是中間產(chǎn)品，有時(shí)又是最終產(chǎn)品。（）CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBER2保姆的勞動(dòng)工資計(jì)入GDP，但家庭主婦的家務(wù)勞動(dòng)不計(jì)入GDP。（）3某人的工資計(jì)入GDP，但其獎(jiǎng)金不計(jì)入GDP。（）4某人的工資計(jì)入GDP后，其購物支出額就不應(yīng)再計(jì)入GDP。（）5存貨投資就是指統(tǒng)計(jì)期內(nèi)新增加的存貨的貨幣值。（）6政府投資屬于一種政府購買，但政府購買并不都體現(xiàn)為政府投資。（）7根據(jù)GDP的計(jì)算方法，一國出口的多少與該國GDP水平無關(guān)。（）8折舊一般小于設(shè)備的自然磨損。（）9國債和企業(yè)債券的利息收入都不應(yīng)計(jì)入GDP。（）10一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體同一期限內(nèi)的GNP不一定大于GDP。（）（二）單項(xiàng)選擇題1在支出法下，不計(jì)入GDP的是（）。A理發(fā)支出B購房支出C購買股票的支出D外國人購買出口產(chǎn)品的支出2在支出法下，哪一項(xiàng)對(duì)GDP的計(jì)算不產(chǎn)生影響（）A購買食品的支出B購買股票的支出C購買進(jìn)口品的支出D購房支出3下列哪一說法是錯(cuò)誤的。（）AGDP中包含了直接稅BNDP中未包含間接稅CNI中包含公司所得稅DPI中包含了政府轉(zhuǎn)移支付4設(shè)某國的代表性商品為甲、乙、丙三種，1999年它們的價(jià)格分別為2、5、10美元，2009年分別為6、10、30美元，它們?cè)谙M(fèi)支出額中所占的比重分別為30、20和50，1999年作為基年的價(jià)格指數(shù)為100，則2009年的CPI為（）。A271B560C280D8005如果某經(jīng)濟(jì)體2010年的名義GDP為300億，經(jīng)計(jì)算得到的該年實(shí)際GDP為200億，基年的GDP縮減指數(shù)為100，那么2010年的GDP縮減指數(shù)為A150B660C220D2506下列哪一項(xiàng)關(guān)系最可能成立（）ANDPGDPNIBNDPNIGDPCGDPNINDPDGDPNDPNI7影響中國GNP水平的是（）。A中國游客在美國的消費(fèi)支出B英國游客在中國的消費(fèi)支出C法國留學(xué)生在中國的勞務(wù)收入D以上三項(xiàng)都會(huì)影響（三）計(jì)算題設(shè)某經(jīng)濟(jì)體只生產(chǎn)X、Y和Z三種最終產(chǎn)品，2009年和2010年的生產(chǎn)情況如下表所示。試以2009年為基年計(jì)算（1）2009年的名義GDP和實(shí)際GDP；（2）2010年的名義GDP和實(shí)際GDP；32010年的名義經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率和實(shí)際經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率。參考答案判斷題第110題、2009年2010年產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量?jī)r(jià)格產(chǎn)量?jī)r(jià)格X205256Y306258Z407309CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBER、單項(xiàng)選擇題第17題CBBCADD計(jì)算題1560、560；（2）620、485；（3）1071、1339第二章一、教材上的思考與練習(xí)題參考答案（梗概）1根據(jù)凱恩斯的消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論，給高收入者或給低收入者增加等額的收入，何種辦法更有助于提高社會(huì)總需求為什么答給低收入者增加等額的收入更有助于提高社會(huì)總需求。原因在于邊際消費(fèi)傾向是遞減的。2根據(jù)持久收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論，政府臨時(shí)增加困難補(bǔ)助金的發(fā)放是否能使人們的消費(fèi)支出明顯增加為什么答不會(huì)，因?yàn)檎R時(shí)增加發(fā)放的困難補(bǔ)助金不屬于可預(yù)期的、穩(wěn)定性的持久收入。3假定有兩個(gè)老人均購置了住房，其中一位說，我積蓄了一輩子錢，昨天總算買了一套房，住了一夜便來到天堂；另一位說，我住了大半輩子的寬敞的房子，昨天總算還清了當(dāng)初買房的貸款，今天就來到天堂。請(qǐng)分析這兩位老人的購房行為分別符合哪種消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論的描述答前一位符合絕對(duì)收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論的描述，后一位符合生命周期消費(fèi)函數(shù)、持久收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論的描述。4根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理，是否在任何情況下都應(yīng)提倡節(jié)儉答不應(yīng)。如果國民收入水平低于理想中或意愿中的國民收入水平，應(yīng)該通過增加消費(fèi)等辦法提高總需求或總支出。如果在任何情況下都提倡節(jié)儉，那生產(chǎn)出來的商品怎樣賣出去呢5兩位學(xué)生在爭(zhēng)論，一位說是消費(fèi)變動(dòng)引起收入變動(dòng)，另一位說是收入變動(dòng)引起消費(fèi)變動(dòng)。你對(duì)此有何評(píng)論答都沒有錯(cuò)。經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)本身就是一個(gè)循環(huán)系統(tǒng)。6你認(rèn)為現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)中還有哪些因素影響投資乘數(shù)效應(yīng)的充分發(fā)揮或投資乘數(shù)的大小答譬如投資意愿、市場(chǎng)情況等。如果市場(chǎng)情況不好，企業(yè)的投資意愿缺乏，處于投資乘數(shù)鏈條中的企業(yè)就不會(huì)將能夠用于投資的資金全部用于投資，投資乘數(shù)效應(yīng)就不能充分發(fā)揮或投資乘數(shù)會(huì)趨小。7、8略。9由班級(jí)若干同學(xué)組成正、反兩方舉行辯駁賽，雙方同學(xué)先各自闡述本方基本觀點(diǎn)，然后依次反駁對(duì)方觀點(diǎn)，爾后再由各自主辯總結(jié)，最后由班級(jí)其他同學(xué)潔問、發(fā)言。辯駁賽題目為正方絕對(duì)收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)論更適合于描述現(xiàn)實(shí)消費(fèi)現(xiàn)象反方相對(duì)收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)論更適合于描述現(xiàn)實(shí)消費(fèi)現(xiàn)象準(zhǔn)備的基本思路（供參考）正方人們的消費(fèi)水平和消費(fèi)規(guī)?？偸鞘艿浆F(xiàn)實(shí)收入條件的制約。周圍人的消費(fèi)或自己過去階段的消費(fèi)水平不可能成為自己消費(fèi)的主要影響因素。如我們不會(huì)見到一個(gè)普通的工人家庭去買奔馳轎車。反方消費(fèi)上的攀比或者消費(fèi)上的相互影響是客觀存在的普遍現(xiàn)象，這當(dāng)然不是說人們的消費(fèi)水平可以脫離自己的現(xiàn)實(shí)收入條件的制約。我們確實(shí)可以經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)這類現(xiàn)象有的人本來不準(zhǔn)備買房買車，但是周圍買房買車的人多了，他也只好“被迫”買。CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBER二、附加的思考與練習(xí)題及參考答案（一）判斷題1在平面圖上，消費(fèi)曲線與線的交點(diǎn)E是收支平衡點(diǎn)，E點(diǎn)以左，表45示有正儲(chǔ)蓄。（）2邊際消費(fèi)傾向遞減規(guī)律不一定引出平均消費(fèi)傾向遞減的結(jié)論。（）3長(zhǎng)期消費(fèi)函數(shù)曲線的斜率既是邊際消費(fèi)傾向也是平均邊際消費(fèi)傾向。（）4股票價(jià)格上漲后，股票投資者增加了自己的消費(fèi)支出，這可用財(cái)富效應(yīng)來概括。（）5與邊際消費(fèi)傾向遞減現(xiàn)象對(duì)應(yīng)的必是邊際儲(chǔ)蓄傾向遞增現(xiàn)象。（）（二）單項(xiàng)選擇題1短期消費(fèi)曲線的斜率決定于（）。AMPC和APCBMPC和APSCMPC和MPSDAPC和MPS2下列哪一表述是正確的（）ABMTBKG1MTBKTR1CDTTTXY3相對(duì)收入消費(fèi)函數(shù)理論表明（）。AMPC可能會(huì)提高BMPC可能會(huì)不變CMPC會(huì)下降D人們的實(shí)際收入決定了消費(fèi)水平4理論上，投資乘數(shù)效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生過程中，下列哪一項(xiàng)是不存在的（）A初始投資會(huì)全部轉(zhuǎn)化為收入B消費(fèi)增量不斷趨于減少C收入增量不斷趨于增加D生產(chǎn)消費(fèi)品的廠商沒有庫存品5下列哪一項(xiàng)會(huì)改變理論上計(jì)算出的投資乘數(shù)值（）A新增消費(fèi)用于購買不同的產(chǎn)品B邊際消費(fèi)傾向接近1C新增消費(fèi)不斷地促進(jìn)收入的增加D新增收入中用于消費(fèi)的比重不斷下降6下列哪一項(xiàng)陳述不符合投資乘數(shù)理論（）A投資的減少會(huì)引起國民收入的倍數(shù)減少B投資乘數(shù)的計(jì)算以邊際消費(fèi)傾向遞減為假定前提C投資乘數(shù)與邊際消費(fèi)傾向正相關(guān)D消費(fèi)增量最終趨近于零。7如果以代表對(duì)外貿(mào)易乘數(shù),則下列哪一說法是錯(cuò)誤的（）WKA邊際消費(fèi)傾向與正相關(guān)B稅率與負(fù)相關(guān)WWKC邊際進(jìn)口傾向與負(fù)相關(guān)D政府轉(zhuǎn)移支付與正相關(guān)8假設(shè)某經(jīng)濟(jì)體的邊際消費(fèi)傾向?yàn)?8，邊際進(jìn)口傾向?yàn)?2，比例稅率為01，則該經(jīng)濟(jì)體的轉(zhuǎn)移支付乘數(shù)為（）。CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBERA3/2B1/01C18/7D1/06（三）計(jì)算題假定某經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的消費(fèi)函數(shù)為C3008YDYD為可支配收入，I60，G50，稅收函數(shù)為T625015Y，凈出口函數(shù)為NX50005Y。求（1）均衡收入；（2）如果投資增加到10，均衡收入會(huì)增加多少參考答案判斷題第15題、單項(xiàng)選擇題第18題CDACDBDD計(jì)算題1500；227第三章一、教材上的思考與練習(xí)題參考答案（梗概）1在以投資為橫軸、利率為縱軸的平面圖上，中的D是否為投資需求曲線REI的斜率D能否稱為投資的利率彈性經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期與經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)期的D值會(huì)有什么變化答D不是投資需求曲線的斜率。D也不能稱為投資的利率彈性，這是從彈性理論的公式中可以得出的結(jié)論。請(qǐng)參見葉德磊微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)（第3版）第14頁的式（13）和第16頁的式（15）。經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期的D值一般會(huì)較小。2在對(duì)投資項(xiàng)目的預(yù)期收益與投資成本的比較中，為什么必須將預(yù)期收益首先貼現(xiàn)為現(xiàn)值貼現(xiàn)率為何往往可由利率來代表答因?yàn)槲磥淼?00元與現(xiàn)在的100元是不相等的，只有將預(yù)期收益（未來值）貼現(xiàn)為現(xiàn)值后，才能進(jìn)行合理的同質(zhì)比較。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的貨幣可以存入銀行，幾乎無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地根據(jù)利率獲取可預(yù)期、可測(cè)算的利息收入，所以貼現(xiàn)率往往可由利率來代表。3請(qǐng)?jiān)u論如下爭(zhēng)論答李小曼的觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)的。4討論在B值及K值同時(shí)增大條件下，均衡國民收入和均衡利率的變動(dòng)情況。答從教材第81頁的式（351）來看，B值增大時(shí)，均衡國民收入會(huì)增加；K值增大時(shí)，均衡國民收入會(huì)減少；因而B值及K值同時(shí)增大條件下，均衡國民收入可能會(huì)增加，也可能會(huì)減少。既然如此，將式（351）代入IS曲線或LM曲線的方程式，從中可看出，均衡利率可能會(huì)提高，也可能會(huì)降低。二、附加的思考與練習(xí)題及參考答案（一）判斷題1貨幣的投機(jī)需求與利率成正向變化。（）2在利率不變的條件下，收入提高一般會(huì)導(dǎo)致貨幣需求增加。（）3在橫軸代表國民收入、縱軸代表利率的坐標(biāo)圖上，IS曲線右上方區(qū)域中的任何一點(diǎn)代表的利率與國民收入的組合會(huì)使SI。（）4凈出口的增加會(huì)使IS曲線向左邊移動(dòng)。（）5投資對(duì)利率的變動(dòng)越敏感，IS曲線的走勢(shì)就越陡峭。（）6邊際消費(fèi)傾向越小，IS曲線的走勢(shì)就越平坦。（）7在橫軸代表國民收入，縱軸代表利率的坐標(biāo)圖上，LM曲線左上方區(qū)域中的任何一點(diǎn)代表的利率與國民收入的組合會(huì)使貨幣供給大于貨幣需求。（）8貨幣需求對(duì)利率變動(dòng)的敏感度下降，LM曲線的走勢(shì)趨向平坦。（）CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM1SIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANDCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTSIMPLEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMCOMPOSITEAPPLICATIONPROBLEMANSWERSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMOFGENERALSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANINGTHROUGHEXAMINESTHE,FINDKNOWNCONDITIONSANDBYSEEKINGPROBLEM2,ANDANALYSISNUMBERRELATIONSHIPANALYSISKNOWNCONDITIONSZHIJIAN,ANDCONDITIONSANDPROBLEMZHIJIANOFRELATIONSHIP,DETERMINEPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODANDPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS3,ANDCOLUMNTYPECALCULATIONLISTSFORMULA,ISOUTSUBDIVISIONS4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERCHECK,ANDCHECKING,ANDWROTEANSWERSTYPICALAPPLICATIONPROBLEM13,ANDSUBJECTAPPLICATIONPROBLEM3COLUMNEQUATIONSOLUTIONSAPPLICATIONPROBLEMREVIEWCONTENTOVERVIEWPROBLEMSOLVINGSTEPS1,ANDFIGUREOUTMEANING,FINDBYSEEKINGOFUNKNOWNANDXSAID2,ANDACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP,LISTSEQUATION3,ANDSOLUTIONSEQUATION4,ANDTEST,ANDWROTEANSWERSACCORDINGTOMEANINGFINDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIPOFCOMMONMETHOD1,ANDACCORDINGTOCOMMONOFNUMBERRELATIONSHIPTYPE,ESTABLISHEDEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP2,ANDACCORDINGTOHASLEARNHADOFCALCULATIONFORMULA,3,ANDACCORDINGTOPROBLEMINTHEOFFOCUSDESCRIBEDSENTENCEFROMOVERALLSHANGDETERMINEBASICOFEQUIVALENTRELATIONSHIP4,ANDUSINGSEGMENTFIGURE,ANDLISTMETHOD,METHODANALYSISNUMBER9貨幣需求對(duì)收入的變動(dòng)越敏感，LM曲線的走勢(shì)越陡峭。（）10社會(huì)平均物價(jià)水平的降低，會(huì)使LM曲線向右移動(dòng)。（）11稅率提高會(huì)使使IS曲線更為陡峭。（）12三部門經(jīng)濟(jì)中，僅增加政府轉(zhuǎn)移支付（TR），則IS曲線垂直上移距離為TR/D。（）（二）單項(xiàng)選擇題1IS曲線上的任一點(diǎn)所代表的下述組合會(huì)使產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)達(dá)到均衡（）。A投資與儲(chǔ)蓄B政府購買與稅收C國民收入與利率D出口與進(jìn)口2投資對(duì)利率變動(dòng)的敏感程度提高會(huì)使IS曲線（）。A向右移動(dòng)B向左移動(dòng)C斜率的絕對(duì)值變小D斜率的絕對(duì)值變大3邊際消費(fèi)傾向變小會(huì)使IS曲線（）。A斜率的絕對(duì)值趨大B斜率的絕對(duì)值趨小C向右移動(dòng)D向左移動(dòng)4貨幣需求對(duì)利率變動(dòng)的敏感程度降低會(huì)使LM曲線（）。A向左移動(dòng)B向右移動(dòng)C斜率變小D斜率變大5收入對(duì)貨幣需求的影響增強(qiáng)會(huì)使LM曲線（）。A向左移動(dòng)B向右移動(dòng)C斜率變大D斜率變小6IS曲線與LM曲線在平面幾何圖形上將空間分為上、下、左、右四個(gè)區(qū)域，左邊區(qū)域中（）。AIS及LMBIS及LMCIS及LMDIS及LM7定量稅減少會(huì)使IS曲線（）。A、斜率的絕對(duì)值變大B、斜率的絕對(duì)值變小C、右移D、左移8將貨幣的投機(jī)需求視作下列哪一變量的函數(shù)（）A利率B投資C收入D準(zhǔn)備金率（三）計(jì)算題設(shè)某產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)的儲(chǔ)蓄函數(shù)和投資函數(shù)分別為；S1002Y，I20R。求（1）IS曲線的方程式；（2）判斷點(diǎn)Y120，R5和Y130，R5是否為產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)均衡狀態(tài)（3）如果不是均衡狀態(tài)，它們是何種類型的失衡參考答案判斷題第112題、單項(xiàng)選擇題第18題CCADCBCA計(jì)算題1R3002Y；2否；（3）IS；IS第四章一、教材上的思考與練習(xí)題參考答案（梗概）1借助于圖形說明IS曲線的移動(dòng)與AD曲線移動(dòng)之間的關(guān)系。答考慮教材第86頁的圖41。如果AD曲線左移，即總需求減少，一般地，意味著CHOOSETHECORRECTMEANING4TOCORRECTTHETYPOS5SOTHECHILDWRITEWORDSABAB,ANDAABB6INACCORDANCEWITHWRITTENWORDS7THECOMPLETEWORD,ANDEXPLAINTHEMEANINGOFTHEWORD8COLLOCATION9MAKESENTENCESWITHTHEWORD10THEWRITTENLANGUAGEASREQUIREDCTHEMAINSENTENCETYPES1COMPLETESENTENCES2WRITEDOWNTHEMEANINGOFASENTENCEOREXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS3WRITESENTENCESASREQUIRED4FINISHMALALIGNMENTOFTHESENTENCE5MODIFIEDSENTENCES2,KNOWLEDGECLASSIFICATION1THECOMMONCONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATE一面1,TOEXAMINETHETOPIC,IDENTIFYPROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITHTWO2,ANALYSIS,ALTERNATIVEQUESTIONTWOISINDIRECTPROPORTIONTOTHEAMOUNTOFTHEASSOCIATEDRELATIONSHIPISINVERSELYPROPORTIONALRELATIONSHIP3,ANDSETUNKNOWN,COLUMNPROPORTIONTYPE4,ANDSOLUTIONSPROPORTIONTYPE5,ANDTEST,WROTEANSWERLANGUAGEPLENARY