1、國外英文原版圖書參考文獻(xiàn)規(guī)范(3篇國外英文原版圖書參考文獻(xiàn)規(guī)范(一Implications of ipsilateral spatial neglect after stroke(中風(fēng)后單側(cè)忽略的影響Lastupdated: Tuesday 7 October 2014 at 1am PSTStroke researchers have confirmed that damageto the right frontal-subcortical network may cause ipsilateral spatial neglect.A difference was alsoseen in s

2、patial bias, ie, the type of spatial errors among this group tended tobe 'where'(perceptual-attentional rather than 'aiming' (motor-intentionalerrors.IpsilesionalNeglect: Behavioral and Anatomical Correlates was published online ahead ofprint by Neuropsychology.The study was conducte

3、din 12 patients with ipsilateral neglect.A computerizedline-bisection task was used to evaluate spatial errors of 'where' and 'aiming' Little is known about ipsilateral neglect, which is much less common thancontralesional neglect, noted Dr. Barrett. Our findings confirmthat of prior

4、 studies showing that these patients tend to have lesions ofthefrontal-subcortical network.An unexpected findingwas the spatial bias toward 'where' errors in this group.Weneed further investigation to determine the differences in functional deficitsbetween ipsilateral and contralateral negle

5、ct, and the clinical implications ofthose differences for rehabilitation interventions.國外英文原版圖書參考文獻(xiàn)規(guī)范(二Cyborg science for the future(未來的機(jī)器人科學(xué)Lastupdated: Tuesday 12 August 2014 at 12am PSTNo longer justfantastical fodder for sci-fi buffs, cyborg technology is bringing us tangibleprogress toward real

6、-life electronic skin, prosthetics andultraflexiblecircuits. Now taking this human-machine concept to an unprecedented level,pioneering scientists are working on the seamless marriage between electronicsand brain signaling with the potential to transform our understanding of howthe brain works - and

7、 how to treat its most devastating diseases.Their presentation tookplace at the 248th National Meeting & Exposition of the American ChemicalSociety (ACS, the world's largest scientific society.By focusing on thenanoelectronic connections between cells, we can do things no one has donebefore,

8、 says Charles M. Lieber, Ph.D. We're really going into a newsize regime for not only the device that records or stimulates cellularactivity, but also for the whole circuit. We can make it really look and behavelike smart, soft biological material, and integrate it with cells and cellularnetworks

9、 at the whole-tissue level. This could get around a lot of serioushealth problems in neurodegenerative diseases in the future.These disorders, such asParkinson's, that involve malfunctioning nerve cells can lead to difficultywith the most mundane and essential movements that most of us take for

10、granted:walking, talking, eating and swallowing.Scientists are workingfuriously to get to the bottom of neurological disorders. But they involve thebody's most complex organ - the brain - which is largely inaccessible todetailed, real-time scrutiny. This inability to see what's happening in

11、thebody's command center hinders the development of effective treatments for diseasesthat stem from it.By usingnanoelectronics, it could become possible for scientists to peer for the firsttime inside cells, see what's going wrong in real time and ideally set them ona functional path again.F

12、or the past severalyears, Lieber has been working to dramatically shrink cyborg science to a levelthat's thousands of times smaller and more flexible than other bioelectronicresearch efforts. His team has made ultrathin nanowires that can monitor andinfluence what goes on inside cells. Using the

13、se wires, they have builtultraflexible, 3-D mesh scaffolding with hundreds of addressable electronicunits, and they have grown living tissue on it. They have also developed thetiniest electronic probe ever that can record even the fastest signaling betweencells.Rapid-fire cellsignaling controls all

14、of the body's movements, including breathing andswallowing, which are affected in some neurodegenerative diseases. And it's atthis level where the promise of Lieber's most recent work enters the picture.In one of the lab'slatest directions, Lieber's team is figuring out how to in

15、ject their tiny,ultraflexible electronics into the brain and allow them to become fullyintegrated with the existing b#from 國外英文原版圖書參考文獻(xiàn)規(guī)范(3篇來自 end#iological web of neurons. They're currently inthe early stages of the project and are working with rat models.It's hard to saywhere this work wil

16、l take us, he says. But in the end, I believeour unique approach will take us on a path to do something reallyrevolutionary.TitleNanoelectronicsmeetsbiology: From new tools to electronic therapeuticsAbstractNanoscale materialsenable unique opportunities at the interface between the physical and life

17、sciences, and the interfaces between nanoelectronic devices and cells, cellnetworks, and tissue makes possible communication between these systems at thelength scale relevant to biological function. In this presentation, thedevelopment of nanowire nanoelectronic devices and their application aspower

18、ful tools for the recording and stimulation from the level of single cellsto tissue will be discussed. First, a brief introduction to nanowirenanoelectronic devices as well as comparisons to other tools will be presentedto illuminate the unique strengths and opportunities enabled by activeelectronic

19、 devices. Second, opportunities for the creation of powerful newprobes capable of intracellular recording and stimulation at scales heretoforenot possible with existing electrophysiology techniques will be discussed.Third, we will take an 'out-of-the-box' look and consider mergingnanoelectro

20、nics with cell networks in three-dimensions (3D. We will introducegeneral methods and provide examples of synthetic 'cyborg' tissues innervatedwith nanoelectronic sensor elements that enabling recording and modulating activityin 3D for these engineered tissues. In addition, we will discuss e

21、xtension ofthese nanoelectronic scaffold concepts for the development of revolutionaryprobes for acute and chronic brain mapping as well as their potential as futureelectronic therapeutics. The prospects for broad-ranging applications in thelife sciences as the distinction between electronic and liv

22、ing systems isblurred in the future will be discussed.國外英文原版圖書參考文獻(xiàn)規(guī)范(三例(1 (7選自英國Edinburgh University Press出版的Modern North American Criticism and Theory: A Critical Guide。(1 Austin, J. L. How to do Things with Words. New York, 1962.(2 Bennett,A.(ed.Readers and Reading. London, 1995.(3 .Readings and F

23、eelings.Urbana, IL, 1975.(4 .Literature and Self-Awareness. New York, 1977.(5 Cook, P. and Bernink, M. (eds The Cinema Book. London, 1999.(6 Derrida, J. Memoires: For Paul de Man, trans. Cecile Lindsay et al. New York, 1986.(7 Holland, N. Unity Identity Text Self , in Reader-Response Criticism, ed.

24、J.P. Tompkins. Baltimore, MD,1980.例(8 (12選自美國The Johns Hopkins University Press出版的In Defense of American Higher Education。(8 American Association of University Professors. 1966. Statement on government of colleges and universities. AAUP Bulletin 52, no. 4:375-79.(9 Barr, R., and J. Tagg. 1995. From

25、teaching to learning: A new paradigm for undergraduate education. Change 27(November-December:12-25.(10 Benjamin, R. et al. 1993. The redesign of governance in higher education. Santa Monica, Calif.:RAND.(11 LaPidus, J. B. 1995. Doctoral education and student career needs. In Student services for the changing graduate student population, edited by A.S.Pruitt-Logan and P. Isaac. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.(12 .1997. Why pursuing a Ph.D. is a risky business. Chronicle of Higher Education,