1、Theme of the textFor Mandela, gardening is the source of spiritual fulfillment. Gardening gives Mandela inspiration for his revolutionary cause. Political leaders are like gardenersrefuse作為名詞時(shí)的意思是“廢料、廢物、垃圾，以及“廚房里、花園里、家里的垃圾袋、堆、箱等，如refuse disposal廢料的處理。 refuse作為動(dòng)詞時(shí)的意思是“拒絕，回絕、“不同意、不愿意幫助、不允許、“拒絕承受一件禮物、建

2、議、邀請。ExercisesPage217, ThreePhrases and Idioms: as much as possible ask for permission at first at great length at heart at the time be empty of behind bars drive back eitheror from the beginning of Phrases and Idioms:give in give upin order to neither norprovide withread intoremove fromspend time o

3、n supply withtake pride inthrough trial and errorpage219, exercise 1improve-improvementendure-endurancesucceed-successallow-allowancesupply-supplyprovide-provisioncultivate-cultivationnourish-nourishmentfulfill-fulfillmentattempt-attempteliminate-eliminationrefuse-refusalpage219, exercise 1gardening

4、-gardenfertilizer-fertilizemixture-mixliberation-liberaterequirement-requirefailure-failenduring-endurealternative-alternateresult- resultsatisfaction-satisfy動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：eg:sleeping baby and reading room 這里sleeping是現(xiàn)在分詞，因?yàn)閟leeping=baby is sleeping, sleeping顯然是個(gè)分詞；而reading room不等同于room is reading,所以r

5、eading是動(dòng)名詞Vocabulary 1.一家建筑公司gerund)2. 缺少的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)present participle)3. 一個(gè)動(dòng)人的故事 present participle)4. 閱讀技能gerund)5. 一件泳衣gerund)6. 落日present participle)7. 起居室gerund)8. 睡美人present participle)9. 安眠藥片gerund)10.乏味的演講/報(bào)告present participle)Vocabulary11.飲用水gerund)12.流血的鼻 present participle)13. 藏身之處gerund)14.太籠統(tǒng)

6、/絕對的話 present participle)15.狩獵的季節(jié)gerund)16.最后的潤色gerund)17.指導(dǎo)原那么 present participle)18.下個(gè)星期 present participle)19.顫抖的雙腿 present participle)20.一張漁網(wǎng)gerund)Vocabulary21.一根手杖gerund)22.現(xiàn)有的制度 present participle)23.飲食習(xí)慣gerund)24.比薩斜塔gerund)25.一個(gè)有前途的學(xué)生 present participle)26.正在增長的人口 present participle)Vocabul

7、aryThe Leaning Tower of Pisa 鐘樓始建于1173年，設(shè)計(jì)為垂直建造， 但是在工程開場后不久1178，便由于地基不均勻和土層松軟而傾斜，1372年完工，塔身傾斜向東南。 比薩斜塔是比薩城的標(biāo)志，1987年它和相鄰的大教堂、洗禮堂、墓園一起因其對11世紀(jì)至14世紀(jì)意大利建筑藝術(shù)的巨大影響，而被聯(lián)合國教育科學(xué)文化組織評(píng)選為世界遺產(chǎn)。 比薩斜塔從地基到塔頂高58.36米，從地面到塔頂高55米，鐘樓墻體在地面上的寬度是4.09米，在塔頂寬2.48米，總重約14453噸，重心在地基上方22.6米處。圓形地基面積為285平方米，對地面的平均壓強(qiáng)為497千帕。目前的傾斜約10%，即

8、5.5度，偏離地基外沿2.3米，頂層突出4.5米。 1178年首次發(fā)現(xiàn)傾斜。Picture of the Leaning tower of PisaPicture of the Leaning tower of PisaPicture of the Leaning tower of PisaVocabulary 2have, get, show, produce, achieve have, take, accept, show, bear, assume discuss, debate, raise, settle, confuse, avoid pursue, have, develop

9、have, make, lose, avoid face, lives, time, money, trouble roots, chairs, hats, coats, gloves, shoes, bandages, make-up, doubts land enemies, rivals, opponents, suspects, errors oil, cars, cotton, results, a movie care, time, money, experience, patience, courage the dead, treasure, past, head plants,

10、 children, animals, relationship meetings, appointments, time, place, books, flowers, business affairsVocabulary 3 cut out(停頓； 裁剪； 剪下； 取代), cut out/ remove, from2. provides/supplies , with表示“向某人提供某物 supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb3. brought backReservoi

11、r 蓄水池；貯液器；儲(chǔ)藏；蓄積4. ask, permission.5. empty of 6. take, in, through trial and errorat great length, providing, with in some ways, at heartVocabulary 41.in 2. up3. away give sb away暴露自己的真實(shí)情況或身份；出賣give sth away to sb贈(zèng)送某人某物4. waygive way讓路；撤退；倒塌；失去控制5. out give out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)，公布消息up give sb up認(rèn)為某人沒有救了； 宣告無法治

12、好； 表示對沒有希望； 引渡罪犯,投案8. up 9. withVocabulary 51, If they refused to give back these small inlands, the two countries would not be able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely.2. I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have no other choice/ alternative.3. For lack of publ

13、ic support，the White House had to give in at last.4. It may not be possible to eliminate drugs all at once/immediately/ at one go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succeed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year.5. We have already made contact with the repre

14、sentatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested in. before long 的意思是“不久，很快。Vocabulary 56. One day, that new building suddenly give way/collapsed/fell down, burying many people under it.7. Love requires nourishment from both s

15、ides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking. 8. As soon as Grandmas health improved, she began to give out her belongings to her folks and friends.9. It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting/ an enduring friendly relationship.10. It is announced that our economic

16、plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic/ home market has also been flourishing.Vocabulary 6the prison authorities informed/ announced us, manual labor would end, arrange. pursue my two favorite hobbies If you want to survive the prison, try to develop ways to take satisfaction fulfilled a

17、sked them for permission to , refused, offering a reason a miner at heart provided/ supplied me with seeds, regret giving me permission to, once, garden begin to flourish, provided, warders with not until I was behind bars, tend at great length, what she read into hardy plants, My favoriteVocabulary

18、 7缺水已經(jīng)成了一個(gè)大問題，我們的鋼廠可能得搬到遠(yuǎn)處去。 在沙漠里往往只有那些根很深，葉子很少的植物才能存活。 你看了這本雜志的最新一期了嗎？一位著名的科學(xué)家相信我們將在今后兩年里在外太空找到某種生物 她問我有沒有政府頒發(fā)的關(guān)于干細(xì)胞研究的法律文件，我說我不知道。 牢房里除了一張小床和一張書桌，幾乎沒什么空間放其他任何東西了。 我得去為我的手機(jī)弄一個(gè)干電池來。 在鎮(zhèn)上他給女兒買了一塊巧克力，然后他在離學(xué)校不遠(yuǎn)的酒吧喝了幾杯啤酒。 那些犯罪分子被關(guān)進(jìn)鐵窗以后，老百姓感覺如此平安，以至于晚上都不插門閂了。 有些人說過，這個(gè)年輕人適當(dāng)律師的料，誰也沒想到他會(huì)進(jìn)班房去。 杰克遜在戰(zhàn)爭期間曾今是有意安插

19、在非洲的一個(gè)美國間諜。Vocabulary 7plantn.植物，草木；設(shè)備；工廠；莊稼植物，草木；設(shè)備；工廠；莊稼vt.種植；安，插；建立，布置；移民于種植；安，插；建立，布置；移民于Cell n.細(xì)胞；小牢房；電池；細(xì)胞；小牢房；電池；墓穴墓穴Issuen.問題；報(bào)刊的期，號(hào)；發(fā)行物；流出問題；報(bào)刊的期，號(hào)；發(fā)行物；流出vt.發(fā)行；發(fā)布；流出發(fā)行；發(fā)布；流出vi.發(fā)行；造成發(fā)行；造成結(jié)果；在結(jié)果；在上挑起爭論上挑起爭論Barn.條，棒；門、窗等的閂；障礙；酒吧間條，棒；門、窗等的閂；障礙；酒吧間vt.閂門等；阻礙，封鎖；排除，去除閂門等；阻礙，封鎖；排除，去除prep.除除之外之外Spac

20、en.空間，太空；空白，間隔；空隙；片刻空間，太空；空白，間隔；空隙；片刻vt.把把分隔開，留間隔于分隔開，留間隔于之間之間Grammar 3He said again and again that he had come to China to broaden his horizons. Julia says she has neither the time nor the energy for sports after a days hard work. Sometimes it takes courage to disagree openly with ones immediate bo

21、ss. Neither the teachers nor the students here believe there is any shortcut in learning English. Upon graduation, most college students have two opinions: either to find a job or to go to graduate school. To see all the flood victims properly housed is the relief workers number one task at present.

22、 During my stay in China, I would like you to arrange for me to see some of my old friends. In order to prevent the price of houses from going up too fast, the government promised to adopt/launch a series of policies. Such interviews are generally conducted either in a hotel or in a caf, never in of

23、fices. They opened a shelter for the citys homeless to stay overnight in extreme weather conditions.Grammar 1To improve their skills, table tennis players had better go to China for training. ( In order ) To stay in alive in the wild, the mountaineers trapped in the mountains had to eat whatever the

24、y could find- grass, tree leaves, and even ants. To live close to nature, the family moved to the countryside. It is human to long for what they dont have, and not to value what they have. It takes two to make a quarrel. It gives/offers Professors Chen deep satisfaction to hear of her former student

25、s achievements. Could you arrange for to meet the chairman of the department sometime this week? Ive brought a detective story for you to read during your trip to Nanjing. They finally realize that to raise wages and salaries means increasing purchasing power. It is not hard to find the truth; what

26、is hard is not to run away from it when you have found it .Grammar 2He spends most of his time in the lab or in his office. Either shes changed a lot, or you never really knew her! The residents received the news calmly; they were neither depressed nor delighted. The class was so boring that the chi

27、ldren were either asleep or entirely absorbed / employed in play or other activities . My grandparents could neither read nor write, but they were both well respected for their community spirit. The New Jersey Nets was not the first choice either of Tim himself or his team manager. During the war, e

28、very family lost either the father, or the husband, or a brother, or a son, and sometimes four people in one family were killed.He has neither the leadership qualities nor the personal charm to inspire people.Im sorry I cant help you. Ive neither known nor heard of such a person. Whenever the garbage man greeted people on his beat, mo