1、英語學(xué)科一教師輔導(dǎo)講義學(xué)員學(xué)校：年級： 高二課時數(shù)：2學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目： 英語學(xué)科教師：授課類型選彳6 6 UNIT 4 Global warming詞匯及句型精講 授課日期及時段教學(xué)內(nèi)容課前小練：語法填空Refresh Our EnvironmentAs the director stated on behalf of his researching group, the data of this graph makes a clear presentation of the future environmental tendency. On one hand, the quantity

2、of fuel keeps on decreasing by 9% per year while the1(grow)of a wide range of pollution has been a global trend. On the other hand, the mildly but 2(steady) going up of theaverage temperature is resulting in catastrophes like widespread floods.3 disagreement, they subscribe to theview _4 it is h uma

3、ns' existence and their randomly consumig energy that result in this phenomenon.Many people have a commitment that developing nuclear power or energy 5 outer space will stop badconsequences 6(come) about. However, scientists and educators are opposed to this view even if our needs may bemet on t

4、he whole. They tend to advocate refreshing our circumstances 7 saving energy and recycling waste. It issuggested that we use energy-saving appliances such as electrical motors, microwaves and so on 8 not be casualabout little things like recycling a can. So please glance around and see 9 you can do.

5、 So long as everybody10(make) contribution, we will not have to put up with this problem anymore.【重點(diǎn)詞匯】1 .quantity n.量；數(shù)量Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本學(xué)期你的作業(yè)在數(shù)量上和質(zhì)量上都有所提高。(2)My brother bought a large quantity of books.我弟弟買了大量的書。in quantity 大量quantities of +名詞+復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞 許多復(fù)數(shù)名

6、詞+復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞a quantity of + f大量4可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語動詞2 .tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護(hù)理3 . oppose vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量opposed adj.反對的；對立的Congress is continuing to oppose the President' s healthcare budget.國會繼續(xù)反對總統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)生保健預(yù)算。(朗文詞典)(2)The father is opposed to his son ' s marriage.父親反對兒子的婚事。(1)oppose (doing) sth.反對(做)某事(

7、2)be opposed to 反對as opposed to而;相對于state vt.陳述；說明range n.種類；范圍The drug is effective against a range of bacteria.這種藥品對一類細(xì)菌有效。(朗文詞典)(2)There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.有 120 名學(xué)生，年齡在 10 至U 18 歲之間。a range of 一系歹U beyond/out of one ' s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范圍in/within the

8、range of 在范圍之內(nèi)range from.to.從至 U之間變化glance vi. 看一下；掃視 n. 一瞥steady adj.平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地tendency n. 傾向；趨勢tend v.趨向；易于；照顧widespread adj.分布廣的；普遍的average adj.平均的She was just an average high school athlete.她僅僅是個普通中學(xué)運(yùn)動員。(2016江蘇)(2)It' s said that the paper receives an average of nearly 1

9、00 articles a day.據(jù)說這個報(bào)社平均每天要收到接近一百來篇稿件。an average of平均有(后跟數(shù)詞jthe average of.的平均數(shù)on (an/the javerage 平均；一般地above/below (the javerage在平均水平以上/以下名師點(diǎn)撥“an average of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“the average of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。circumstance n. 環(huán)境； 情況Obviously we can ' t deal with the problem until we know all th

10、e circumstances顯然，我們只有了解全部情況后才能處理這個問題。(劍橋詞典)(2)I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我們是在更愉快的情況下相識的。in/under no circumstances決不(置于句首，句子要用倒裝語序)in/under the circumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣in/under any circumstances 在任何情況下if circumstances allow/permit 如果情況允許名師點(diǎn)撥(1)抽象地點(diǎn)名詞，如： point, stage, ca

11、se, situation, condition , position, activity , scene, occasion, environment, circumstance等作先行詞，并在從句中作狀語時，用 where或“介詞+ which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。(2)在短語 in/under the/ no/any circumstances 中 circumstance 總是用復(fù)數(shù)?！局攸c(diǎn)短語】1. come about發(fā)生；造成(1)She has a mental toughness that did not come aboutby chance.她心理穩(wěn)定，這不是偶然發(fā)生的。(20

12、16江蘇)(2)How did it come about that he knew where we were?他是怎么知道我們在什么地方的呢？It comes/came about that.發(fā)生。How does/did it come about that. ? 是怎樣發(fā)生的?When it comes to.當(dāng)談到 名師點(diǎn)撥come about相當(dāng)于happen或occur,均無被動形式；且常用 it作形式主語。2. subscribe to 意；贊成；訂購；捐助I subscribed to the magazine for only 32 a year 訂閱(2)How much

13、 did you subscribe to the disaster fund ? 捐助(3)Do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy ? 同意3. quantities of 大量的4. go up上升；增長；升起5. result in 導(dǎo)致6. be opposed to 反對7. keep on %強(qiáng)續(xù)8. on the whole 大體上； 基本上9. on behalf of代表一方；作為的代言人(=on one' s behalf代表一方；作為的代言人選詞填空on behalf

14、 of, stand for, representWhat does WHO(代表)？(2)I apologize to you( 代表)my family.(3)He(代表)our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him.|名師點(diǎn)撥|(1)on behalf of是介詞短語。(2)stand for往往用來表示“(字母、數(shù)字、符號等)代表什么”。(3)represent用來表示“代表某人/某個團(tuán)體(政府等)” “某種標(biāo)志代表什么” “某物表現(xiàn)的是什么”和“把某人(物)描繪成什么”。Keys:

15、 (1) stand for (2) on behalf of (2) represented10. p。up with忍受；容忍猜測劃線單詞詞義(1) Far water doesn' t put out near fire.(2) Encourage children to put aside/away some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.(3) The association has put the event off until October.(4) Her bed was neatly made , he

16、r clothes put away.(5) Class Three has put forward a reasonable proposal.(6)We can' t put up with such terrible noises.|名師點(diǎn)撥|put up with 忍受，容忍，相當(dāng)于 tolerate, stand, bear 等。11. and so on 等等【語境活用】運(yùn)用上述短語完成片段As we can see, many people 1.(續(xù))throwing rubbish. I wonder how this sort of bad habit 2.(發(fā)生).

17、3. (總之),I am strongly 4. (反對)the behavior of this kind and can' t 5.(忍受)it.6.(代表)those who take good care of the environment , I would like to say as long as we can behave ourselves and start from ourselves to protect the earth , we can create a beautiful environment.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. All scientists subs

18、cribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科學(xué)家同意這種觀點(diǎn)：人們?yōu)榱松a(chǎn)能量而燃燒化石燃料如煤、天然氣和石油，從而引起了地球溫度的升(Wj。2. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global te

19、mperature to go up.這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球溫度上升。3. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.是一位名叫查爾斯基林的科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)把1957-1997年期間大氣層中二氧化碳的含量作了精確的統(tǒng)計(jì)。4. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more f

20、ossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他們還同意下述觀點(diǎn)，正是燃燒越來越多的化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。5. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，還有一些人，像科學(xué)家喬治漢布利，反對上面的觀點(diǎn)，他們

21、認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心空氣中會有高含量的二氧化碳。6. There is no doubt that.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，并且全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。仿寫】 毫無疑問，那里的孩子們急需關(guān)心和幫助。There is no doubt that childre

22、n there are badly in need of care and help.7. even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在（未來）幾十年或幾個世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖?！痉聦憽坑缮蠈尤耸孔鲎罱K決定，即使其他人不同意。（2014浙江）Higher- ups

23、 make the final decisions , even if others might disagree.8. so/as long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not , turn it off!只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著，如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！仿寫】只要有愛心和美德，世界將更美好。（2014廣東）As 10ng as there is kindness and virtue , the world will become mor

24、e beautiful.【跟蹤練習(xí)】 選彳6 6 Unit 4Global warming一、請根據(jù)各句上下文的意義，選擇正確的單詞填入空白處。第一組： state, catastrophe, decrease, Fahrenheit, widespread, fuel, phenomenon, glance, consequence, climate1 32 degrees is equal to 0 degrees Celsius（Centigrade）.2 Terrorism（恐怖主義）is a of the 20th century.3 Oil, coal, natural gas,

25、charcoal are all common.4 The 1976 Tangshan earthquake was a to China.5 I like the of Shenzhen. It has an average temperature of 20 C .6 Theof people cutting down 10ts of trees is that land is easy to wash away when it rains and more land will turn into desert.7 It was that London would host the 30t

26、h Summer Olympics.8 At first, the math problem seemed easy.9 This reform has received support throughout the country.10 The species of bird is in numbers every year.第二組： nuclear, steady, average, title, existence, pollution, graph, disagreement, microwave, electrical11 China is developing fast, and

27、it has had five years of economic growth.12 Pakistan came into as an independent country after the war.13 My brother worked as an engineer after graduating from college.14 Noise will damage people' s hearing.15 The soup is cold; please reheat it in the.16 The White House is strongly against Demo

28、cratic People's Republic of Korea （DPRK） and Iran developing weapons.17 There is a among the archaeologists（考古學(xué)家 ）as to the age of the sculpture.18 The official of this job isative"AAdiBians（:行政助理）.”19 The shows how the house prices have risen since the 1980s.20 Forty hours is a fairly work

29、ing week for most people.二、把下列短語填入每個句子的空白處（注意所填短語的形式變化）：compare.to come about quantities of result in a range of keep on build up on the whole put up with so long as1 trying. Yousucc eeld in time.2 I cannot imagine how you naughty children at all.3 I think, the article is well written except for a f

30、ew unfit sentences.4 How did the traffic accident?5 food were left on the table.6 You can call me any time you are free.7 Young kids are often the future of our motherland.8 Sports and games can one ' s character.9 His laziness failure in maths exam again.10 In that kindergarten there is activit

31、ies for children.【閱讀理解】AScientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Ni? o.The appearance of El Ni? o is known to affect the weather around the world.Scientists still do not completely understand it.Yet they now find they can use it to tell ab

32、out the future in different areas of the world.One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York , Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel.A scientist of Zimbabwe(津巴布韋),Roger Buckland worked with them.They have found that when El Ni?o appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means

33、corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.The last El Ni? o was in 1991 to 1993.That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature.Their computer program can tell when an ElNi? o will develop up to a year before it does.They

34、 suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa , and could prevent many people from starving.11 . El Ni? o is known as.A . the changing of the weather in southern AfricaB. the weather which brings drought(旱災(zāi))to AfricaC. the warming of waters in the Pacific Oce

35、anD. the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa12 . Scientists study El Ni? o in order that.A . they can put all this information into their computers.B. they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rainC. they can do some research work in this field.D. they can provide a kind of early

36、warning to the place that will suffer from drought13 . Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A . Scientists come to understand how El Ni? o appears.B. Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.C. El Ni? o has something to do with Zimbabwe ' s poor crops.D. Southern Afr

37、ica suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.【語法填空】Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel , the world ' s first igloo(冰屋)hotel.17. (build) in a small town , it has been attracting lots of visitors but soon the fun will be over. In two weeks'time

38、 , Bergqvist' s ice creation 18.(be) nothing more than a pool of water. " Wdon ' t see it as a big problem he says. " Weust look forward to 19.(replace) it.”Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was 20.successful that he designed the present one21.measur

39、es roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks 22.(pile)1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze , the base 23.(remove).After their stay , all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success.24.no windows, nowhere tohang clothes and temperatur

40、es below 0 C, it may ° seem more like a survival test 25.a relaxing hotel break. "tl' s great fun , " Bergqvist explains , “ as well as a good start in survival training.”The 26.(popular)of the igloo is beyond doubt : it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least

41、 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.【話題寫作詞匯】1. environmentally friendly 環(huán)保的2. pollutant n.污染物3. recycle v.回收4. non-renewable adj.不可再生的5. disastrous adj.災(zāi)難性的6. alternative energy 替代能源7. endangered species瀕危物種8. limited natural resources 有限的自然資源9. globa

42、l warming 全球變暖10. arouse people' s awareness of environmental protection 提高公眾的環(huán)保意識【話題寫作】假設(shè)你所在的學(xué)校英語角要舉行一次以低碳環(huán)保生活為主題的活動，請你根據(jù)下面要點(diǎn)，用英語寫一篇演講稿，建議那些坐私家車上學(xué)的同學(xué)采取更加環(huán)保的交通方式上學(xué)。1 .私家車排放廢氣是空氣污染的一個主要原因。2 .建議大家騎自行車、乘坐公交車等公共交通工具上學(xué)。3 .如果每個人都這樣做，將是對環(huán)保極大的貢獻(xiàn)。第10頁共10頁答案：29.Keys:1 growth 2 steadily 3 Without 4 that 5 from6 coming 7 by 8 and 9 what 10 makes【語境活用】Keys: 1 keep on 2 comes about 3 On the whole 4 opposed to 5 put up with 6 On behalf ofUnit 4 第組：1 Fahrenheit 2 phenomenon 3 fuels 4 catastrophe 5 climate 6 consequence 7 stated 8 glance