1、必備知識(shí)梳理必備知識(shí)梳理方法規(guī)律技巧方法規(guī)律技巧 課課 時(shí)時(shí) 作作 業(yè)業(yè) 例如：That isnt your dictionary，is it?這不是他的字典，是嗎？These are interesting stories，arent they?這些故事很有意思，不是嗎？2.當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分的主語(yǔ)是“I am.構(gòu)造時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分普通用“arent I？。如：Im late for class，arent I?我上課遲到了，對(duì)嗎？3.當(dāng)陳說(shuō)句部分的主語(yǔ)是everybody，somebody，nobody，none等合成代詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)多用they。如：Everyone came here, di

2、dnt they?每個(gè)人都來(lái)這了嗎？Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?我出去的時(shí)候沒(méi)人打吧？4當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分的主語(yǔ)是everything，anything，nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用it。如：Nothing is too difficult for him，is it?對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)什么事是困難的，是嗎？Everything is ready，isnt it?一切事都預(yù)備好了，對(duì)嗎？5當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分是不定代詞one作主語(yǔ)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)在正式場(chǎng)所用one，在非正式場(chǎng)所用you。如：One cant be too careful, can on

3、e(you)?人再怎樣仔細(xì)也不過(guò)分，對(duì)吧？6.當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分是“there be主語(yǔ)其他構(gòu)造時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用“be(not)there構(gòu)造。如：There is a book on the desk, isnt there?桌上有本書(shū)，是嗎？There are not any pens in the box, are there?盒子里沒(méi)筆了，是吧？7 . 當(dāng) 陳 說(shuō) 部 分 的 主 語(yǔ) 是 “ I d o n t think/suppose/believe/guessthat從句構(gòu)造時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)須和從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上一致，并且還要用一定方式。如：I dont think h

4、e can finish the work，can he?我以為他不能完成義務(wù)，是不是？I dont believe she knows it，does she?我置信她不知道這件事，對(duì)不對(duì)？8當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have時(shí)，有兩種情況：have作“有解時(shí)，可有兩種方式。如：He has a new book，hasnt/doesnt he?他有本新書(shū)，是不是？have表示其他意思時(shí)，只用do的相應(yīng)方式。如：She had a good time in the park，didnt she?她在公園玩得很開(kāi)心，是不是？9當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分含有seldom，hardly，few，little，neve

5、r等否認(rèn)意義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分要用一定方式。She hardly knows French，does she?她幾乎不懂法語(yǔ)，是嗎？10陳說(shuō)部分的謂語(yǔ)是帶有否認(rèn)前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分仍用否認(rèn)方式。He dislikes playing football, doesnt he?他不喜歡踢足球，對(duì)嗎？11.陳說(shuō)部分為祈使句時(shí)，假設(shè)為一定方式，那么疑問(wèn)部分一定方式與否認(rèn)方式均可。假設(shè)為否認(rèn)方式，那么疑問(wèn)部分只能用一定方式。Pass me the book，will/wont you?請(qǐng)遞給我那本書(shū)，好嗎？Dont be careless，will you?別再大意了，好嗎？1完全倒裝( 1 )

6、 T h e r e b e 主 語(yǔ) . . . ， 此 構(gòu) 造 中 的 b e 有 時(shí) 用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物動(dòng)詞替代There seems to be something wrong with the machine.好似機(jī)器出了點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。(2)Here/There/Now/Then/Thus不及物動(dòng)詞名詞There goes the bell.Lets go into the lecture hall.鈴響了。我們進(jìn)入演講大廳吧。Be quick！Here comes the bus.快點(diǎn)！公共汽車(chē)來(lái)了。(3)Out/In/Up/Down/A

7、way/Off/Back/Over不及物動(dòng)詞名詞Out rushed the children.孩子們沖出了教室。Away flew the birds.鳥(niǎo)兒飛走了。(4)介詞短語(yǔ)(表地點(diǎn))不及物動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)On the wall hang two large portraits.墻上掛著兩張巨幅畫(huà)像。(5)表語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ)可以是：描畫(huà)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、如今分詞、過(guò)去分詞)Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.出席會(huì)議的有懷特教授，史密斯教授還有許多其他客人。(6)Suc

8、hbe主語(yǔ)Such are the facts；no one can deny them.這些就是現(xiàn)實(shí)；沒(méi)有人可以否認(rèn)。2部分倒裝 (1)So/Neither/Nor助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)(表示前一句中的內(nèi)容也適宜另一人或另一事物)Lily cant play tabletennis.Neither can I.麗麗不會(huì)打乒乓球。我也不會(huì)。比較：So主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。(后面一個(gè)句子只是一定或反復(fù)前句的內(nèi)容)It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。So it was.確實(shí)如此。(2)表示否認(rèn)意義的副詞、連詞或短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)當(dāng)not，never，hardly，seldom，scar

9、cely，rarely，little，no，nowhere，not only，not until，at no time，by no means，in no way，no sooner.than，hardly.when等詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)：By no means shall we give up.我們決不會(huì)放棄。At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.在任何情況下中國(guó)決不會(huì)第一個(gè)運(yùn)用核武器。(3)在so/such.that.句型中，假設(shè)so/such.提到句首時(shí)So nervous was she that she

10、 returned to China shortly after the earthquake.她地震之后如此緊張，結(jié)果很快回到中國(guó)。(4)當(dāng)“only狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句)置于句首時(shí)Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只需在我朋友來(lái)了之后，電腦才修好。(5)用于as引導(dǎo)的退讓狀語(yǔ)從句中(表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形as主語(yǔ))Try as he would，he might fail again.雖然他會(huì)努力，他也許再次失敗。 (6)在省略 if 的虛擬條件句中(當(dāng)條件從句中有were，had，should時(shí))Had you r

11、eviewed your lessons，you might have passed the examination. 要是早復(fù)習(xí)了功課，他有能夠就經(jīng)過(guò)考試了。Should it not rain，we would go for a picnic tomorrow.要是明天不下雨，我們就可以去野餐了。2介詞、連詞、關(guān)系代詞在某些條件下可以省略He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.他花了四個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)功課。Ive studied English (for) five years.我已學(xué)英語(yǔ)五年了。Its a pity (that) hes

12、leaving.他要走，真遺憾。3.句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、甚至謂語(yǔ)在某些條件下有能夠省略(1)省略主語(yǔ)Beg your pardon.請(qǐng)他原諒。(省略了主語(yǔ)I)Take care！留意！(省略了主語(yǔ)you)(2)省略謂語(yǔ)Who next？該誰(shuí)了？(省略謂語(yǔ)comes)Well do the best we can.我們將盡力而為。(can后面省略了動(dòng)詞do)(3)省略表語(yǔ)Are you ready？Yes，I am.他預(yù)備好了嗎？我預(yù)備好了。(am后面省略了ready)(4)省略賓語(yǔ)Lets do the dishes.Ill wash and youll dry.讓我們洗碗吧。

13、我來(lái)洗，他來(lái)揩干。(wash和dry后面省略了賓語(yǔ)the dishes)(5)省略定語(yǔ)He spent part of the money，and the rest he saved.那錢(qián)他花了部分，其他的他都存了起來(lái)。(the rest后面省略了定語(yǔ)of the money)(6)省略狀語(yǔ)He was not hurt.Strange!他沒(méi)有受傷。真奇異！(Strange是How strange it is的省略)(2)由固定詞組引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句：What about having a game of chess?下盤(pán)棋怎樣樣？How come they left you alone here?

14、他們?cè)鯓訒?huì)把他一人留在這里呢？What if its raining?假設(shè)天下雨怎樣辦？Why not try again?為什么不再試試呢？(3)在口語(yǔ)中，為了防止反復(fù)，不定式可以省去和句子前部反復(fù)的動(dòng)詞原形而只留下不定式符號(hào)to。He may leave if he wishes to.他可以走，假設(shè)他情愿的話。Dont go till I tell you to.等我叫他走他再走。1我們可以運(yùn)用某些詞來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，如so，such，really和just。Our classmates were so excited when they were listening to her speec

15、h.我們的同窗們聽(tīng)她的演講時(shí)是如此的激動(dòng)。I have never seen such a beautiful picture before.我以前從來(lái)就沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)這么美的畫(huà)。2假設(shè)要強(qiáng)調(diào)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的其他部分，我們可以運(yùn)用“Itbe被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that從句的句型。1)我們可以用這個(gè)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。以下例句闡明如何強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的不同部分：I saw Mr.White in the park last Sunday.上周日我在公園看見(jiàn)White先生了。It was I who saw Mr White in the park last Sunday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))上周日是我在公園看見(jiàn)

16、White先生的。It was Mr White whom/that I saw in the park last Sunday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))上周日我在公園看見(jiàn)的是White先生。It was in the park that I saw Mr White last Sunday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))上周日我是在公園看到White先生的。It was last Sunday that I saw Mr White in the park.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))我是上周日在公園看到White先生的。假設(shè)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是一個(gè)人或一群人，我們運(yùn)用who或that引導(dǎo)從句。2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞應(yīng)與原句一致，假設(shè)強(qiáng)調(diào)主

17、語(yǔ)，那么用主格，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)用賓格。It was I who went to Canada last summer.就是我去年夏天去了加拿大。It is him that I want to visit.我想去訪問(wèn)的是他。3)這種強(qiáng)調(diào)構(gòu)造也可用于疑問(wèn)句。Why was it that you didnt come to the meeting yesterday?終究是為什么他昨天沒(méi)有來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)？4)我們還可運(yùn)用“It was not until.that.這個(gè)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。It was not until I got home that I realized I had left my swea

18、ter on the playground.直到到了我家我才認(rèn)識(shí)到把毛衣落在了操場(chǎng)上。3假設(shè)要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)態(tài)為普通如今時(shí)或普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)的一定句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，我們?cè)谠搫?dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do，does或did。Tom does get up at 600 every day.湯姆確實(shí)每天六點(diǎn)起床。He did come to see you last Sunday，but you were out.他上周日確實(shí)來(lái)看過(guò)他，但是他出去了。例如：(2021山東淄博市期中考試)It was not until he came back_he knew the police were looking for him.AwhichBsinceCthat Dbefore解析It was not until. that. 為固定強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。答案C2積累標(biāo)志詞匯，判別能否倒裝。高考對(duì)倒裝句的調(diào)查主要有以下三個(gè)方面：(1)表示否認(rèn)意義的副詞，如not，seldom，hardly，rarely，never，nor，neithe