1、The Labov ModelThe William Labov model specifies five elements that are commonly found in most narrative as follows:_Abstract(點題) _Orientation(指向) _Complicating event(s)(進展) _Resolution(評議)_Coda(結(jié)局)Abstract（點題） An abstract is a short statement of what the story is going to be about. It usually goes

2、before the beginning of a story , outlining the main ideal of the story. It will lead the reader to go through the story in the correct way and establish a proper schema(概要) for the story. The title of a written narrative is often treated as the abstracct. Kua Fu tried his best to chase the sun. Whe

3、n he arrived at the place where the sun set, he had to turned around, as he could not bear the thirst, and came to the Yellow River and the Wei River. _ Kua Fu Ran after the Sun 夸父竭盡全力追趕太陽。當他追趕太陽降落的地方時， 由于忍受不了干渴，只好掉轉(zhuǎn)頭，回到黃河、渭河所在的地方，一口氣便將這兩條河里的水喝得精光。 Orientation（指向） An orientation follows an abstract

4、, informing the reader of the time of the story . eg: once upon a time informing the reader of the spatial setting of the story eg: in the kingdom by the sea In addition to the setting of the story world , the characters must be identified. eg: there lived an old woman named Omi Belling the cat(系鈴于貓

5、) Long ago, there was a big cat in the house. He caught many mice while they were stealing food. One day the mice had a meeting to talk about the way to deal with their common enemy. Some said this, and some said that. At last a young mouse got up, and said that he had a good idea. We could tie a be

6、ll around the neck of the cat. Then when he comes near, we can hear the sound of the bell, and run away. Everyone approved of this proposal, but an old wise mouse got up and said, That is all very well, but who will tie the bell to the cat? The mice looked at each other, but nobody spoke. Complicati

7、ng Event(s)（進展） Complicating events refer to the main events that make the story happen. In this sense, the process of complicating events is the process of solving the problem. Belling the cat(系鈴于貓) Long ago, there was a big cat in the house. He caught many mice while they were stealing food. One d

8、ay the mice had a meeting to talk about the way to deal with their common enemy. Some said this, and some said that. At last a young mouse got up, and said that he had a good idea. We could tie a bell around the neck of the cat. Then when he comes near, we can hear the sound of the bell, and run away. Everyone approved of this proposal, but an old wise mouse got up and said, That is all very well, but who will tie the bell to the cat? The mice looked at each other, but nobody spoke. Resolutions（評議） Resolution