1、上海高考英語知識點匯總，考試終于不用發(fā)愁啦 小優(yōu)寄語As the proverb goes ,failure is the mother of success.Therefore,we have to cope with a large variety of tough.Only in this way can we make self become more and more powerful.正如諺語所說，失敗是成功之母，因此，我們必須應對各種各樣的困難，只有這樣我們才能使自己變得越來越強大。高考考前知識清單語法局部冠詞：能在300字左右的文章中，理解，辨析應填入的局部為不定冠詞，定冠詞。

2、1. 一般語法局部會考一個冠詞題目。2. 后為一名詞，且后面局部句子結構完整。3此空格技巧為填不出單詞的情況去分析有無特指。代詞：能在整篇文章中去分析句子中缺少相應的指代詞。1. 一般考察對象為形容詞性物主代詞。2. 前后有相應的提示詞，如him,人名等。It 句型的考察，一般考察強調句，以及it 指代前文單詞。形容詞：能在句子中進行分析，通過前后句子區(qū)分空格為比擬級或者最高級。1. 考察最高級一般_ 前有the.2. 比擬級的考察要注意前后兩個句子的中文意思。3. And, or等詞前后一致。后面有than 提醒。副詞：能在文章中去理解此空格需要一個副詞。1. 一般位于句首，句末。2. 副詞

3、修飾句子，副詞，句子。句末副詞修飾前文中有一定距離的動詞。情態(tài)動詞：能在300字的文章中，分析出作者的感情色彩。能對文章中作者語氣的揣測。想了解更多教育資訊，馬上點標題下方藍字關注。每日與您不見不散！1. 一般前面為主語，后面為動詞，后者副詞加動詞。2. Could have done, should have done 等的考察。Have to 等加強語氣的掌握。非謂語動詞現(xiàn)在分詞：能對高考常見固定搭配的再現(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語的運用。表示主動，后置定語的運用。做主語的掌握。1. 分詞作狀語句型為：， 動詞原形。2. 后置定語考察一般為：主語為人，單個單詞放后面表示主動。3. 句子開頭為動詞

4、時，裝換為ing 放句首做主語。4. 高考常見接ing 的搭配總結：admit 成認 advise 建議 allow 允許 appreciate 感謝 avoid 防止consider 考慮 delay 推遲 deny 否認 discuss 討論 dislike 不喜歡 enjoy 喜愛 escape 逃脫 excuse 原諒 fancy 設想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止 forgive 原諒 give up 放棄 imagine 想像 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 沒趕上 pardon 原諒 permit 允許 practise 練習 preve

5、nt 阻止 prohibit 禁止 put off 推遲report 報告 risk 冒險 stop 停止 suggest 建議 understand 理解 end up 結束 devote to 致力于過去分詞：能在短文中去分析，理解，識別出過去分詞作被動的用法。能在文章中理解過去分詞的一些固定搭配。1. 考察一般為_ 前面主語為物，后面接過去分詞表示被動意義2. 過去分詞還表示完成意義。3. 常見的固定搭配：Have sth done、Make sth done、Let sth done、Need sth done不定式：能在文章中再現(xiàn)不定式的搭配。能在文章中去理解不定式做主語的用法。能在

6、文章中對不定式表示將來的掌握。1. 不定式放句首做主語。一般用ing 形式代替。2. 不定式放在名詞，代詞后面表示將來要完成的動作。3. 不定式放在動詞后面表示目的。4. 接不定式做賓語的常見搭配：afford to do sth. 負擔得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 請求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 決定做某事decide to do sth. 決定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事d

7、etermine to do sth. 決心做某expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 幫助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 學習做某事manage to do sth. 設法做某事offer to do sth. 主動提出做某plan to do sth. 方案做某事prepare to do sth. 準備做某事pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事promise to do sth. 容許做某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事want t

8、o do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 猶豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事時態(tài)1. 現(xiàn)在完成時考察通常有recently, nowadays 等時間詞。2. 過去完成時的考察，主要是在從句中，主句為過去時，從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，應用過去完成時。在主將從現(xiàn)的句子中，出現(xiàn)before, after, as soon as ,when

9、 等被動語態(tài)： 能在300字的文章中理解被動意義。1.一般后面有by+主語。2. 句子的主語為物，且無生命。3. 容易與過去分詞表被動混淆。固定搭配：能再現(xiàn)高考考綱中的一些常見的固定搭配。1. 固定搭配的考察一般_ 后面有介詞出現(xiàn)。2. 語感讀出來的固定搭配。3. ?？嫉墓潭ù钆洌号e例： 具體見考綱后面單詞have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事above allbe absorbed intake into accountin advanceadd up toafter allall the wayask for sth介詞：考察介詞最根本的意義。考察介詞引起的固

10、定搭配。1. 根本意義如： off 表示關。 On 表示開。2. 固定詞組見考綱。 如： at the speed of連詞簡單連詞：考察作者前后句之間的銜接所需要的關系。1. 一般后面的句子為完整的句子。技巧為：翻譯前后兩個句子，理解前后兩個句子的語義。2. 有些固定句型：It is +時間段+ beforeNot until 2復雜連詞：對兩個單詞引起的復雜連詞的再現(xiàn)。1. 常見的兩個，三個單詞引起的復雜連詞.In case ofNo matter whatAs ifAs thoughEven thoughEven ifBecause ofNot only but alsoAs well

11、asNot but No sooner thanHardly whenSo thatAs long asAccording toNeither norBoth andEither or 從句定語從句通常_ 前面為名詞或者物。 假設人為who， 假設物為 which賓語從句通常前面為動詞或者介詞。 有時還考察whom.同位語從句前面一半有the fact, 等表示籠統(tǒng)概念的詞語。表語從句前面為is /are，后面通常填that.狀語從句時間狀語從句的運用1. 通常從句子的時態(tài)去判斷。2. 固定句型如主將從現(xiàn)。3. 分析兩個句子之間的動作順序。條件狀語從句1. 經(jīng)?？疾?if, unless, a

12、s soon as等單詞。2. 條件狀語從句中時態(tài)的運用。會結合現(xiàn)在時，過去完成時一起考察。強調句：強調句固定句型的記憶1. It is+強調的局部+that / who 虛擬語氣：考察虛擬語氣與名詞性從句的結合。虛擬語氣省略。一些固定單詞虛擬語氣運用。1. 常見的接should do 的單詞：Suggest, advice,request, order,Insist,ask,determine, commond,Demand, desire,intend,Recommend,require.2. Were, should, 等提前。其他1. With, without 引起的獨立主格。1.

13、Without 表示沒有。2. 經(jīng)常的搭配： With +名詞短語。2. 倒裝：全部倒裝、局部倒裝全部倒裝的：1. 副詞here 開頭2. There be 句型3. 謂語動詞為come, go, be.4. 副詞now, then.局部倒裝：1. Only , so 開頭2. 頻度狀語，地點狀語，時間狀語開頭。3. So, neither 句型。祝愿句型。1. There be 句型較簡單。詞匯前綴1. 十一選十的文章中對詞性的判斷。1. 常見的前綴：anti- = againstauto- = self;personallyco- = togetherdis- = 不、無、相反dis- =

14、 取消、除去、毀dis- = 加在含有“分開、“否認等意義的單詞前，作加強意義dis- = 分開、離、散dis- = 有時作di-,en- = 表示“置于.之中、“登上.、“使上.en- = make or cause to be,“使成某種狀態(tài)、“致使.、“使之如.、“作成.en- = '用.來做某事'、“飾以.、“配以.en- = 家在動詞之前，表示“in,或只作加強意義il- = (用在l之前)不、無、非il- = (用在l之前)加強或引伸意義im- = (用在b,p,m之前)intoim- = (用在b,p,m之前)不、無、非im- = (用在b,p,m之前)加強意義，

15、或表示“使成.、“飾以.、“加以.in- = 不、無、非in- = 內、入in- = 加強意義，或表示“使.、“作.inter- = 在.之間、.之際inter- = 相互mis- = wrong;wrongly;unfavorablemulti- = manynon- = 非non- = 不non- = 無out- = 外、出out- = 勝過、超過out- = 過度、太甚out- = 除去over- = 過度、太甚over- = 在上、在外、從上、越過over- = 顛倒、反轉post- = afterpre- = 前pre- = 預先re- = 回、向后re- = 再、重復、重新re-

16、= 相反、反對sub- = 下sub- = 次、亞、準sub- = 稍、略、微sub- = 副、分支、下級sub- = 接近sub- = 更進一層、再sub- = 用于化學名詞，表示化合物成分含量少的super- = 超super- = 上super- = 過度、過多tele- =遠距離的，遠的un- = 相反動作、取消、除去un- = 不un- = 無un- = 非un- = 未un- = 由.中弄出后綴1. 十一選十中對后綴的判斷，以確定空格處填的單詞詞性。1. 名詞后綴：-ability, -ibility 表能，性質-al. n. = the action of, the person

17、 of表動作，人，事物-an, -ian, -arian表各種年齡，派別，主義，職業(yè)的人-ee. n. = one who receives 表動作的承受者-er/-ar/-ur/-eer/-ier. n. = doer;device for-hood. n. = condition;state 表身份，狀況，性質-ion/ation. n. = action of;process of-ism. n. = doctrine;belief 表示主義，行為，學，派-ist. n. = 1)believer in. 2)expert of 從事工作的人-ity n. =表行為，性質，狀態(tài)想了解更多

18、教育資訊，馬上點標題下方藍字關注。每日與您不見不散！-ty. n. = condition of being-ment. n. = 1)result of. 2)agency of. 3)state of表行為，狀態(tài)，性質-ness. n. = condition or quality of being 表狀態(tài)，性質-logy/-ology. n. = study of-ship. n. = state of 表狀態(tài)，狀況，身份，技藝，技能-sion, -ssion. n. =-ure. n. = 1)act or fact of. 2)result of being動詞后綴-en v.= 使

19、變成-fy. v. = make;reinforce 使成，使化-ize. v. = make or cause to become 以方式對待，化 realize實現(xiàn)形容詞后綴-able. a. = inclined to be;likely to be done可的，能的-al. a. = inclined to be;connected with;pertaining to具有性質的-ant, -ent. a. =表 “的-ful. a. = full of-ic/ical. a. = relating to;resembling-ish. a. = having the quality

20、 of-ive. a. = inclined to;having the quality of有性質的，有作用的-less. a. = without 沒有的-like. a. = having the quality of 有性質的，像的-ly a. =如的，有特性的-ous/-ious. a. having the quality of-some. a. = full of-ward a. =-y. a. = full of 充滿，包含副詞后綴-ly ad.=-ward, -wards ad. = 表方向其他-ing. a. = having the quality of-ed.過去分詞作

21、定語 = 1)filled with;having the characteristics of. 2)done by翻譯?？碱}型1.動名詞，不定式做主語、形式主語的句型2.形式賓語：心里的詞語+it +adj+to do sth3.成語翻譯：直譯、意譯4.倒裝句翻譯：局部倒裝5.從句翻譯：定語從句、賓語從句6.固定句型與搭配的考察7. 強調句的翻譯8. 同位語從句翻譯9. 非限制性定語從句翻譯高考翻譯常考句型一覽表：1.As is known ( to us all ), 2.It seems that sb./sth.3.It (so)happened that sb./sth.4.The

22、re seems to be5.It (suddenly) occurred to sb that 6.It is said / reported that sb./sth.7. It is no good / use doing 8. It is hard to imagine /say / believe9. It takes sb. some time to do sth.10. When/Whenever it comes to sb./sth/doing sth, 11. It (still) remains a question whether 12. It matters a l

23、ot / little whether/who/how13. You make it a rule to do / that14. keep / bear sth in mind15. take sth. for granted16. see to sth.17. I would appreciate it (very much) if you could do sth.18. It wont be long before 19. It is up to sb. to do sth.20. It was+強調局部+ that 21. not until 直到才22. The first tim

24、e +從句 23. no sooner than / hardly when24. n. / adj. / adv. + as / though + S + V25. However / No matter how + adj. / adv. + S + V,26. The more the more 27. There is no / not much point in doing 28. Chances are that 可能29. since / now that 既然30. It is / has been some time since (過去式)31. Those who32. H

25、e is the only one of the students who has passed the exam33. 倒裝 全部倒裝 局部倒裝Only +狀語短語/從句34. 祈使句，and / or +陳述句35. not but36. Word came that 37. The reason why / for was / is that .38. What impressed / struck us most was thatWhat matters (to sb.) is that39. With the development / improvement / rise / in

26、crease / advance / help of 40. Contrary to ones wish / expectation / what people (had) expected / thought41. cannot /never too / cant enough - 怎樣也不過分-42. not necessarily 未必-43. take into consideration / account作文開頭開頭常見模板： 1 表達觀點型：The discussion about _ is a very controversial one. Those who criticiz

27、e (/oppose/object to/are against) _ contend (/argue/hold) that _, but people who advocate (/favor/are for) _, on the other hand, maintain (/assert/ claim) that _. From the personal perspective, I maintain (/hold/believe) that _.2. 贊同不贊同型：When it refers to _, the discussion of this issue among indivi

28、duals and in society as a whole has come into vogue during the last decade. It is commonly accepted that _; however, I disagree with the statement. I maintain (/hold/believe) that _. (I partly approve this claim and there are several reasons and instance as follows supporting my view.) 3. 優(yōu)點缺點型：Just

29、 a few years ago, the idea of _ seemed far-reaching for most Chinese. Now, however, we are all aware that everything has two sides. _ is no exception in its development. With the advert and popularity of _, its advantages and disadvantages have been a subject of discussion.4. 討論雙方觀點型：_ now plays suc

30、h an important role in so many peoples lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or a curse. Peoples opinions are divergent on such a complex and controversial topic. Advocates maintain that _. Opponents, on the other hand, contend (argue/insist) that _. Obviously,

31、both sides have over-simplified this issue. Actually, its value to people and society depends on how it is used. 4. 解決方案型：According to a(n) survey (/investigation/analysis/statistics/report) released (/conducted/made) by _, there is a growing (/increasing/declining) number of _ who (/which) _.To be

32、specific, _. (What amazes us most is that _.) Among countless factors which directly and indirectly influence _, there are several conspicuous aspects as follows.結尾：對常見的結尾段落的再現(xiàn)。1、表達觀點型：Weighing the pros and cons of _, I strongly commit to the notion that _, not only because _, but also because _.2、優(yōu)

33、點缺點型：To sum up, the key point is how to make good use of its positive aspects and avoid its negative points. While taking advantage of _, we must try to find ways to reduce its disadvantages, namely, _, to a minimum.3、討論雙方觀點型：In any case, whether the ultimate effect of _ is beneficial or detrimental

34、, one thing is certain that _ in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society. (Weighing the two sides, both arguments seem to be reasonable, after all.)4、解決方案型：To promote (/suppress/cultivate/popularize/curb/enhance/root up) the issue in ques

35、tion, the public attention (/more stress/more emphasis) should be placed (/put/focused) upon two proposals (/moves/measures/solutions): _.正文對正文段落的topic sentences 和supporting sentences 的運用。正文段落模板：The main reason for my propensity to _ is that _. What is more, _. Moving on to wider themes, I agree wit

36、h the statement that _ without reservations for the reason that _. Naturally, _. It can be given a concrete example that _.Another equally essential factor why I advocate _ involves the realm of _. No one can deny that _. Obviously, it is imperative that _. Meanwhile, a recent survey (/a typical example) will make this point clear and acceptable; _.However, we should concede that dispite the merits of _ mentioned above,