1、初三英語語法精講巧練2-代詞（含鞏固練習(xí)及答案）代詞（Pronoun ）:代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。1.人稱代詞 物主代詞 反身代詞人稱主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey代詞賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主形物代myyourhisheritsouryourtheir代詞名物代mi neyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselvesA.主格作主語I am a teacher. She i

2、s a worker. They read English every day.The man is Susan s uncle. is a doctor.B.賓格作賓語，跟在動詞介詞后面The teacher asked us to read English every day. Do you know him?Come with me.Jim will go to the concert with_. ( we, us )注：主格還可作表語，但口語中常用賓格。A: Who is there? B: It s me/I.C.形容詞性物代(只作定語)+名詞Can you lend me you

3、r bike?He has a new bike. I like_ bike.D.名詞性物代后不加任何東西a)可作主語Our house is here, and theirs is there.b)可作表語A: Whose bike is this? B: It hers. (=herbike)c)可作賓語I have lost my dict ion ary. Please lend me yours .The new football is_. ( they, them, their, theirs)E.下列詞組中常用反身代詞enjoy on eself ,look at on esel

4、f in the mirror,help on eself to some,teach on eself, lear n byon self, eg. We enjoyed_at the party last Saturday eve ning. (our, ours, us, ourselves)注：人稱代詞并列時的次序單數(shù)：you+he/she+l復(fù)數(shù)：we+you+they男女兩性并列：he+she表示承擔(dān)責(zé)任時：l/me 或 we/us 放在第一位2.指示代詞：this, that, these, thoseA.it, one, that 的用法區(qū)別a)用來指上文提及的同一個事物或前面

5、提及的情況；代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。She enjoyed the story because it was very interesting.The food is delicious. I like it very much.b)one 用于避免重復(fù)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。它既可代替事物，泛指同類事物中的一個，也可代替人；其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。one/ones 前面可用 the, this, that, which, these, those 等詞修飾，同時還可用形容詞修飾。My sweater is very old. Ill buy a new one.The green pencils

6、are yours and the red ones are mine.Which boxes are bigger, these ones or those ones?c)為了避免重復(fù)，可用 that, those 代替前面提到過的事物，不能代替人。但 this, these 一般 沒有這種用法。The weather of Kunming is better than that(=the weather) of Beijing.The population of the city is much larger than that of the town.The history of Chi

7、na is as interesting as that of America.The radios made in Shanghai are as good as those(=the radios) made in Tianjin.Her interests are different form those (=the interests) of her childhood.B.this/these 和 that/those 的用法區(qū)別this/these 常指后面將要講到的事物，有啟下的作用;that/those 常指前面已經(jīng)講過的事物，有承上的作用。I shall say this t

8、o you: he is an honest man.He fell ill. That is why he didnt come.3.疑問代詞：who, whose, which, what A who 與 whomwho 可以作句子的主語、表語或動詞的賓語； whom 只能作謂語動詞的賓語。Who put the light out before I finished my work?Who/Whom do you usually turn to when in trouble?B. what 與 whichwhat 常泛指“哪一類” ； which 常在具體的范圍內(nèi)進行選擇。Which

9、color do you like better, pink or purple?What color do you like?4.相互代詞：在當(dāng)代英語中 , each other 和 one another 都指代兩個或兩個以上的人或物， 可互換。A.作賓語They help each other/one another.Dont talk to each other/one another.Tom and Paul are kicking to each other.B.所有格形式作定語We should point out each other s /one another s shor

10、tcomings.5. 不定代詞A. some/anysome 用于肯定句，any 用于否定和疑問句。any 指任何.”時，可用于肯定句。I need some help. Are there any books on the shelf? You will find me at any hour of the day.But: Would you like some water? （表邀請 ）Can I have some apples? Woud you please get some tea for me?（期待一個肯定的回答）B. many+ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)， much+ 不可數(shù)名詞Th

11、ey were very busy, because they had so _ books to read and so _homework to lastnight.注：a lot of /lots of/plenty of=many/mucha great （large） number of =manya great（good） deal of=muchC. both 兩者都 , all 三者或三者以上都a）both 兩者都Both of us like English. =We both like English.Both the teachers are helpful.Both m

12、y brother and your sister have passed the exam. 連接兩個主語He likes both English and Physics. 連接兩個賓語all 三者或三者以上都All of us like to eat potato chips=We all like to eat potato chips.All the oil has been used up. I know all of the four British students in their school.b）be+ both/allJim and I are both Chinese

13、.There are 25 boys in my class. They are all good boys.c）both/all+ 行為動詞Jim and I both played football yesterday.We all like music.D. little （表否定），a little +不可數(shù)名詞few （表否定），a few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Dont worry! Theres a little time left.The text is very easy for you. There are few new words in it.only + a little/ a

14、 fewThe film is not interesting，_ people like it. （ few，a few，little，a little）E. neither 兩者都不，謂語動詞用單數(shù)nithernor 既不也不，注意就近原則。Neither statement is true. （作定語）How about these two films? Neither of them is good. =Neither of the films is good. （ 作主語）He wrote to neither of them. （ 作賓語 ）Neither you nor he i

15、s good at swimming.none 三者或三者以上都不，可指人或物， 可單獨使用，?；卮?How much/How many 開頭 的問句。還可和 of 連用，謂語動詞可用復(fù)數(shù)，還可用單數(shù)。A: How much bread is there? B: None.=No bread.A: How many students went there? B: None=No students.We have three sons, but none of them live/lives nearby.No one 常指人， 用來回答 who 的提問。不能和 of 連用。-Who is ab

16、sent from classes today?-No one.F.either 兩者中的任意一個，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。either - or （不是就是，或者或者），注意就近原則。- When shall we go to the cin ema, this after noon or tomorrow morning?-Either is OK. I m free these day.Either you or he often talks with others in class.any 三者或三者以上中的任意一個You will find me at any hour of the day

17、.G. each 兩個或兩個以上中的每一個，可修飾人或物，可和 of 連用，側(cè)重個體，謂語動詞 用單數(shù)。（作同位語時除外）There are many trees on each side of the road.Each boy here likes football.Each of the rooms is big and bright.They each are praised. They are praised each. （作同位語 ）every 兩個以上中的每一個 , 可修飾人或物，不能和 of 連用，側(cè)重全體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。There are soldiers on each/

18、every side of the square. （廣場有四邊 ）Every country in Asia is against the plan. = All countries in Asia are against the plan.H. Onethe other 兩者中的一個另一個I have two pens. One is new, the other is old.I.another 是許多中的另外一個。（ the other 是指兩個中的另外一個。）Mr Wang is ill today. Another teacher will take his place.This

19、mug is too small. Can you give me another one?You have to stay in bed for another two days.J.someothers（=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)）一些別的一些，無范圍限定Some students went to the Summer Palace, others （other students） stayed at home last Sunday.上周日，一些同學(xué)去了長城，別的一些（還有同學(xué)）呆在家里。（暗示還有一些同學(xué)或看電影，或參觀其它地方）K. the others （=the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)

20、）意為其余的”，同時也相當(dāng)于 the rest。There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The others （ The other students ） are boys. （暗示只有男孩和女孩兩種選擇 ）Some of pencils are red. The others （= The other pencils） are green.（暗示除了紅和綠，沒有別的顏色。 ）6.復(fù)合不定代詞 something , anything , nothing , everything , somebody, anybody

21、, nobody,everybody, some one, anyone, no one, every one。形容詞修飾它們時， 后置，可與不定式連用。A.以 some 和 any 開頭的復(fù)合不定代詞的用法與some 和 any 的用法一樣。I want to tell you someth ing importa nt.Is there anything important in today s newspaper?There isn t anything wrong with the clock.He has nothing to do.B.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語視為第三人稱單數(shù)。Nobod

22、y knows he n ame.7.it 表示物，自然現(xiàn)象，時間，距離等It was raining this morning.A: What time is it? B: It s six thirty.A: How far is it from here to the hospital? B: It s about three miles.兩個bothn eithereithereach三個allnoneanyevery鞏固練習(xí)：代詞1.人稱代詞和物主代詞()1. Is this blue bag yours? No._ is black.A. IB. MeC. MyD. Mi ne()

23、2. My computer! It s all bla! Let me have a look. And you may use_A. myB. meC. ID. mine()3. This is your skirt._is over there.A. HerB.HersC. SheD. She s()4.-Is this your key, Kathy?-No.is on the desk.A. MyB. MineC. YourD. Yours()5.Please tellyour n ame and teleph one nu mber.A. IB. meC. myD. mi ne()

24、6.- Is this umbrella yours?- No, its Li Lei s.is inschoolbagA.Mi ne,myB.My,mi neC.Yours ,yourD. His, himself()7. Welcome to_school! Thank you. Your school is very moder n.A. your B. their C. his D. our()8. Whose magazine is it? Is it_ ? Yes. It s hers.A. MikeB. Mike s C. LucyD. Lucy s()9. Pass_ a pe

25、n, pleaseJ want to write a letter. Here you are.A. mi neB. myC. meD. I()10. Mike lost his key. _couldn t enter his room.A. He B. She C. His D. Her()11. - Whose book is it? - Oh, it s_ .A. IB. meC. myD. mine( )16. You can see that _ room is much bigger than _.A. our ; their B. ours; theirs C. theirs;

26、 our D. their; ours( )17. This is my sister. _ name is Lucy.A. YourB. Her C. My D. His()18.-I m a little weak in physics. Don t worry. I can help you with _ .A. itB. themC. itsD. theirs()19. Is this picture yours? No, it s not _ _ . It s Allen sA. IB. meC. myD. mine( )20. My father is a doctor and _

27、 works in the hospital near our home.A. he B. his C. him D. himself2.不定代詞( )1. The old man has two sons. One is a doctor, _ is a teacher.A. otherB. the other C. others D. another( )2. - Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are famous sports stars.- Yes. _of them have set a good example to us.A. AllB. Neither C. B

28、oth D. None( )3. When I m on the train to work, I usually try to find _ to read.A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything( )4. Betty bought three T-shits and _ of them are red. Red is her favorite color.A. eitherB. both C. none D. all( )5. Look, there isn t _ good on TV at the weekend. Let s go

29、 to the cinema instead.A. somethingB. nothing C. everything D. anything( )6. I don t have any more exercise-books. I need to buy _.A. allB. any C. some D. no( )7. The bus was empty, there was _ on itA. somebodyB. anybody C. nobody D. everybody()12._Please give_a phone call when you get there, Mary.

30、_Yes, I will.A.IB.me C.myD.mine)13. My father is a teacher. _ saved four students from a falling buildingin the earthquake.A. He B. himC. ID. She)14. Let s make a cake for Uncle Wang. ItA. heB. him C. his)15. Bill is in the classroom, doing _ homework.A. he B. himC. hiss _birthday tomGoorroodwi.dea！

31、D. himselfD. himself( )8.There are two basketballs in the classroom. One is new, _is old.A.other B.others C.the other D.the others()9. -Would you like _ cup of tea ?-No, thanks.A. other B. another C. any D. some()10. When shall we go to the cin ema, this after noon or tomorrow morning?- _is OK. I m

32、free these days.A. BothB. AllC. EitherD. Neither()11. I tried several jackets on, but _ of them looked good.A. bothB. either C. noneD. neither()12. All the students have gone out. There is _ in the classroom.A. somebodyB. nobodyC. everybody D. anybody()13. _ is too difficult if you put your effort i

33、nto it.A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything() 14.“ Have _ try, you are so close to the answer,” the teacher said to Eric.A. the other B. one another D. other D. another()15.- Are you_ from America?-No, none of us.A. both B. all C. any D. either3.疑問代詞和疑問副詞()1. _ do you visit your grandpa

34、rents, Peter? Twice a month.A. How longB. How soonC. How often D. How far()2. _ m i lk glasses can you see in the picture? Sorry, I can t see any.A. How manyB. How much C. How long D. How far()3. _ are you from? I m from America.A. WhyB. HowC. WhereD. When()4. -I hear there will be a concert of Sun Yanzi and I ve been waiting for it. _will it start?-Well, take it easy. In two days.AHow soonBHow longCHow of