1、 Grammar Revise the Past Participle as the Attribute, Predicative and Object Complement 過去分詞表示被動或完成的動作，具有形容詞、副詞的作用，在句子可以用作定語、表語、賓語補足語。 過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊很緊, 表示被動或完成的關(guān)系。單個過去分表示被動或完成的關(guān)系。單個過去分詞一般作前置定語，過去分詞短語通常作詞一般作前置定語，過去分詞短語通常作后置定語。過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定后置定語。過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定語語 一般可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個定語從句一般可以轉(zhuǎn)

2、換為一個定語從句： 一、動詞一、動詞-ed形式作定語形式作定語 (1)前置定語前置定語單個的動詞單個的動詞-ed形式形式,一般放在被修飾的名詞一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面的前面, 作前置定語。作前置定語。 spoken English (英語口語英語口語)； iced beer (冰凍啤酒冰凍啤酒)； cooked food (熟食熟食); fried chips (炸土豆條炸土豆條); boiled water (開水開水) fallen leaves (落葉落葉) the risen sun (升起的太陽升起的太陽)表被動：表完成： 1. The tall man is a returned

3、 student 高個子的那個人是個歸國留學(xué)生。高個子的那個人是個歸國留學(xué)生。 2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教師。我的父母都是退休教師。 3. The excited people rushed into building. 激動的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。激動的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。 (=the people who were excited)表完成：表心理狀態(tài)： 動詞動詞-ed形式短語作定語時，通常要放在形式短語作定語時，通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面，在意思上相當(dāng)于被修飾的名詞的后面，在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。一個定語從句。 1. Is t

4、here anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動嗎今晚有什么活動嗎? (=That has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 這次會議有很多人出席這次會議有很多人出席, 開得很成功。開得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) (2)后置定語后置定語 Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invi

5、ted B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playin

6、g B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D.

7、 tiring, boringwho was tired of the speech 過去分詞作表語并無過去分詞作表語并無“完成完成”或或“被動被動”之意之意, , 而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等，一般位于聯(lián)而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等，一般位于聯(lián)系動詞后面，主語多為人。系動詞后面，主語多為人。 He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后看完信后, 他顯得很憂慮。他顯得很憂慮。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved當(dāng)我們聽到這件事時當(dāng)我們聽到這件事時, 被深深地感動了。被深深地感動了。 He see

8、med quite delighted at the idea 聽到這個想法聽到這個想法, 他似乎很高興。他似乎很高興。 (delight)二、動詞二、動詞-ed形式作形式作表語表語 常見的作表語的過去分詞有常見的作表語的過去分詞有:amused(愉快的愉快的)； broken(碎了的碎了的)；closed(關(guān)閉的關(guān)閉的)； astonished(吃驚的吃驚的)；crowded(擁擠的擁擠的)； experienced(有經(jīng)驗的有經(jīng)驗的); delighted(高興的高興的)； lost(丟失的丟失的)；gone(遺失的遺失的)； disappointed(失望的失望的)；worried(擔(dān)憂

9、的擔(dān)憂的)； interested(感興趣的感興趣的) tired(疲勞的疲勞的) pleased(高興的高興的)；satisfied(滿意的滿意的)； surprised(吃驚的吃驚的); married(已婚的已婚的)； known(著名的著名的) 等等等等 作表語的作表語的-ed形式可被形式可被much, very, quite等所修飾。等所修飾。 I was very pleased at the news 聽了這消息我很高興。聽了這消息我很高興。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 聽了這想法他似乎很高興。聽了這想法他似乎很高興。 【注意注意

10、】過去分詞作表語不能與被動語過去分詞作表語不能與被動語態(tài)相混淆，過去分詞作表語表示主語的態(tài)相混淆，過去分詞作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)；被動語態(tài)則表示被動的動作。狀態(tài)；被動語態(tài)則表示被動的動作。 The road is covered with fallen leaves. 路上鋪滿了落。（ ） The book was written by a woman 這本事是一位婦女寫的。（ ）表狀態(tài)表動作 Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay2) As we joi

11、ned the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞是及物動詞, ,表示被動意義或已完成意義表示被動意義或已完成意義, ,有時候兩者

12、兼而有之。作賓語補足語的過有時候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系, ,即賓即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。語是過去分詞動作的對象。 She found the door broken in when she came back 她回來時發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。她回來時發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。 My grandfather had his old house rebuilt 我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。邏輯主語【注意注意】 如果這種句子改為被動語態(tài)如果這種句子改為被動語態(tài), 原來的原來的賓語補足語變成了主語補足語。賓語

13、補足語變成了主語補足語。 People found the girl beaten black and blue. The girl was found beaten black and blue 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。 (主語補足語主語補足語) 能夠接過去分詞作賓補的動詞有以下四類：能夠接過去分詞作賓補的動詞有以下四類：(1)(1)動詞動詞-ed形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞的賓語補足語動詞的賓語補足語, ,這類動詞包括這類動詞包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think

14、, suppose, consider等等。We thought the game lost我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了。我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了。I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。 (2) 動詞動詞-ed形式可作使役動詞的賓語補足語形式可作使役動詞的賓語補足語這類動詞包括這類動詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。等。 I have my hair cut once a month 我每個月理一次發(fā)。我每個月理一次發(fā)。 He was trying to make hi

15、mself understood 他正努力使別人聽懂自己。他正努力使別人聽懂自己。She held her hands pressed against her face. 她用雙手按著臉。她用雙手按著臉。 She had her house repaired 她請人把屋子修好了。她請人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪兒理的發(fā)你在哪兒理的發(fā)? “have+賓語賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個含義：結(jié)構(gòu)有三個含義： 遭遇某種意外情況。遭遇某種意外情況。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。

16、昨天她的錢包被偷了。 完成某事完成某事 (自己也可能參與自己也可能參與) I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。 (3) 動詞動詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等動詞的賓語補足語，這類動詞包括令等動詞的賓語補足語，這類動詞包括 like, want, wish, expect, order等這一類等這一類 動詞的后面作賓語補足語。動詞的后面作賓語補足語。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeti

17、ng 他不喜歡在會議上討論這樣的問題。他不喜歡在會議上討論這樣的問題。(4) with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中 “with+賓語賓語+賓補賓補”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中這一結(jié)構(gòu)中, 過去分詞與過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系, 與主句的主語沒有邏輯與主句的主語沒有邏輯關(guān)系。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、關(guān)系。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因和伴隨等狀語。條件、原因和伴隨等狀語。 With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（ ） She stood in front of him,

18、with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他。（她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他。（ ）表原因表伴隨1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed2) The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. played3)

19、 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired 1. From the dates

20、 _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been markedExercises.單項選擇：單項選擇： 2. It was so large a room that a hundred people looked _ in it. A. losing B. lost C. to lose D. having lost 3. Laws that punish parents for their li

21、ttle childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 4. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 5. She was glad to see her child well _ care

22、of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept 7. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 8. John rushe

23、d out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking 9. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to looks 10. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounde

24、d fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded11. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 12. _ time, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Havin

25、g given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 13. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. To lose C. Lost D. Having lost 14. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動詞填空：選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動詞填空： 1. John Snow told the story about the _ (astonish) people in Broad Street. 2. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldnt come. 3. There is a car _ (park) outside the house. astonishedinvitedparked 4. The experience _ (gain) will be of great value to us.5. These seats are