1、B3Module1EuropeGrammar導(dǎo)學(xué)案（2）高一英語組一語法突破探究被動語態(tài)與主謂一致被動語態(tài)與主謂一致均屬于中學(xué)英語語法中的重要組成部分，也是高考?？键c(diǎn)。近幾年試題多從基本結(jié)構(gòu)和基本用法進(jìn)行考查。學(xué)習(xí)本部分要掌握以下重點(diǎn)：1.被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)怎樣表達(dá)?2.哪些動詞不能用被動形式？3.主謂一致都有哪些特殊情況？I. 被動語態(tài)【觀察領(lǐng)悟】Parisisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontourists.TheChurchoftheSagradaFamiliawasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.Thewindo

2、wgotbroken.【自我歸納】1. 被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：。情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞Anewhospitalwillbebuilthere.-Hiscarisbeingrepairednow.-Theworkhasn'tbeenfinishedyet.【拓展延伸】1. 有些動詞用主動形式表被動含義。例如：-Thegoodssellwell.貨物賣得好。-Thedooropenseasily.H容易開。有些詞女口want,need,require和beworth后面跟v.-ing,形式為主動，意義為被動。-Theroomneeds/wants/requirescle

3、aning.Thebookisworthreading.這本書值得讀。2. 以下動詞無被動形式。last(延長),happen,cost花費(fèi)),lack(缺乏),agreewith(同意)，join,fit/suit(適合),have,belongto,let,disappear,breakout(爆發(fā)"burstout(迸發(fā))【活學(xué)活用】1.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thestudentsoften(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.Whataknife_(use)for? Howmanytrees(plant)inyourschoollast

4、year? Thebookscan't(take)outofthelibrary. Thecinema(build)in1985. Vegetables,eggsandfruit(sell)wellinthisshop. Thesekindsofmachines(make)inJapan. Apples(grow)onthisfarm. Allthework(finish)already. Manytrees(cut)downnow.2.單項填空 (2012湖南高考)Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonowlaterinlife.A.willbere

5、paidB.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid (2012昆明高一檢測)Canthisbikehere?A.repairB.isrepairedC.berepairedD.repairing fortwoyears,thebikeneeds.A.Using;repairingB.Beingused;beingrepairedC. Havingbeenused;repairingD. Havingused;toberepairedn.主謂一致【觀察領(lǐng)悟】MyfamilylivesinCardiff.我家住在卡迪夫。Thewholeclassisher

6、e.整個班都在這兒。Myfamilyareallsoccerfans.我們一家人都是足球迷。Theclassareallhere.全班同學(xué)都在這兒。NeitherofthemisEnglish.他們倆都不是英國人。Noneofthemhasarrivedyet.他們都還沒到。Eachofthemhasacapitalcity.他們都有一個首都城市。Noneoftheemailshavebeenanswered.所有的電子郵件都還沒有回復(fù)?！咀晕覛w納】1. 集體名詞作主語時，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個別成員，謂語動詞用形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用形式。這類集體名詞有audience,army,class,co

7、mpany,crowd,family,government,group,population,public,team,village,school等；2. neither指“，”在一般情況下謂語動詞用_數(shù)；3. none表示三者或三者以上“都不”，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)；4. each指兩個或兩個以上的人或物中的”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)?！就卣寡由臁?. 表示時間、重量、距離、價格、體積等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 Fortymilescoveredinasinglenight.(be) Twentyyears_alongtimeinone'slife.(be)2.

8、 由or,nor,either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.but(also).連接的并列主語及therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要和與它鄰近的主語一致。例如：Oneortwofriends_comingthisevening.(be)3. 當(dāng)主語后面有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,but,like,ratherthan,except等引導(dǎo)的短語時，謂語動詞要與它們前面的主語保持一致。例如：Tomaswellashisfriendsinvitedtotheparty.(be)4. 被every,each,

9、no等限定的單個主語由and連接時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Eachboyand(each)girl_anapple.(have)5. 由morethanone,manya修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Manyastudent_seenthefilm.(have)6. 由kind,form,type,series,sort等詞修飾的名詞作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于這些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，而不是它們后面的名詞。例如：Thiskindofbikes_verypopularnowadays.(be)7. 由and連接但表示同一事物作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。Thewriterandspeaker_fr

10、omtheUSA.(be)8. each作主語的同位語時，謂語動詞由主語來決定，與each無關(guān)，但each作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例： Theyeacharadioset.(have) Eachofthemaradioset.(have)【活學(xué)活用】1. 用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 Everymanandwoman_(invite)toattendthemeeting. Manyastudentandteacher_(be)here. Whatyousaid_(be)meaningless. EitherheorI(be)wrong. Notonlythestudentsbutalsot

11、heteacher(take)partinthegamesnextweek. Thepolice(be)searchingforthemurderer. Thewriterandsinger(give)aspeechnow. There_apenandtwopencilsonthedesk. Eachoftheboysinourclass(like)football.2.單項填空(2012陜西高考)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A.

12、wereB.wasC.isD.are (2012陽泉高一檢測)NowTomwithhisclassmatesfootballontheplayground.A.playB.areplayingC.playsD.isplaying Thirtydollarstooexpensiveforhim.A.areB.isC.wereD.be Nothingbutonedeskandsixchairsintheroom.A.areB.isstayedC.isD.areleft About60percentofthestudentsfromthesouth,therestofthemfromthenorth

13、andforeigncountries.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is二課時達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練I.用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Here(be)somebooksandpapersforyou.2. Notonlyyoubutalsohe(be)readytoleave.3. Maths(be)verypopularinourclass.4. Aspeech(give)herelastFriday.5. Russian(learn)asthesecondlanguagebysomestudentsinChina.6. Planes,carsandtrains(us

14、e)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.n.將下列主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)1.Wegrowcottoninmyhometown.Cottonbyusinmyhometown.2. Myparentsgavemetenminutestomakeadecision.Itenminutestomakeadecisionbymyparents.3. Someonesawhergoupstairslastnight.Shebysomeonetogoupstairslastnight.4. Mymotherlooksthroughthemagazineeveryday.Themagaz

15、inebymymothereveryday.川.單項填空1. （2012徐州高一檢測）Manyawriterofnewspaperarticlestowritingnovels.A.hasturnedB.haveturnedC.beingturnedD.aregoingtoturn2. ofthemountainsinthatareacoveredbytreesandgrass.A.Two-fifth;isB.Two-fifth;areC.Two-fifths;areD.Two-fifths;is3. Alltheemployeesexceptthemanagertoworkonlineath

16、ome.A.encouragesB.encourage4. Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswhobytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praising5. NeitherTomnorJackandIhisstudents,buteachofushimverymuch.A.am;likesB.is;loveC.are;likesD.was;loves6. Haveyougotyourtestresult?Notyet.Thepapers.A.arenotcorrectingB.haven'

17、;tcorrectedC.arestillbeingcorrectedD.havealreadybeencorrected7. （2012棗莊高一檢測）Goingtobedandgettingupearlyagoodhabit.A.isB.areC.wereD.was8. TheteachertogetherwiththestudentsdiscussingReadingSkillsthatnewlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was9. （2012岳陽高一檢測）Mrs.Greenwantstobuythatkindofclothbecauseshethattheclothverywell.A.hasbeentold;washesB.hastold;washed10. （2011上海高一檢測）TherealargeaudienceattheGrandThe