1、專題一名詞一、名詞的分類：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1、可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式：可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式要在名詞前加一或an；|復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞后加f或-esU名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種，規(guī)則變化及其讀音可依照下表：當(dāng)名詞為：詞尾變化讀音例詞一般情況加s在清輔音后讀/s/chips, jeeps, pats , clocks在濁輔音或元音后讀/z/boys, sharpeners, sofas, drawers以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的單詞加es/iz/watches, boxes, classes, brushes以字母o結(jié)尾的單詞力口 s或es/z/zoos, photos, bamb

2、oos,tomatoes, potatoes, heroes,以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的 單詞去y變i力口es/z/dictionaries, strawberries,以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞去f或fe變v力口 es/vz/leaves, wives, halves以th結(jié)尾的詞加s/ez/; /0 z/mouths, paths; months, deaths2 .可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母eg. man-men, woman women, tooth teeth, foot feet, goose- geese, mouse-mice單復(fù)數(shù)同形 eg. Chinese-Chi

3、nese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep, 由man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，每個(gè)名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)eg. a man doctor men doctors, a woman teacher-women teachers注意：有些名詞表示一種物體具有不可分割的相同的兩部分，在使用時(shí)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etcf些名詞從形式上看是復(fù)數(shù) ,實(shí)際上是單數(shù)(其后的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)).eg. maths, phyiscs, politics, news3 .不可數(shù)名詞：表示不能計(jì)算數(shù)

4、目的人或物，稱為不可數(shù)名詞。1).不能直接用數(shù)字表數(shù)量2).不能直接加a或an 3).沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式 4).可用soma any、lots of、plenty of、much修飾 5).可用詞短語膜 示不可數(shù)名詞一般只有單數(shù)形式，但有其特殊用法：同一個(gè)詞，變成復(fù)數(shù)形式，意義不同。eg. food食物一 foods各種食物，time 時(shí)間一times 時(shí)代，green 綠色-greens 青菜(2) 有些不可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)代指具體的事物eg. hope -hopes 希望 hardship - hardships 又艮苦(3) 物質(zhì)名詞在表示數(shù)量時(shí)，常用某個(gè)量詞+of來表示eg. a cup of

5、tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice,(4)有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞，但詞義有所不同。例：fruit水果一一fruits表示不同種類的水果；food食物foods各種食品；fish魚fishes魚的種類；drink飲料、酒a drink一杯/一份飲料、一杯酒；cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布；sand沙sands沙灘；tea茶a tea 一杯茶；chicken 雞肉a chicken 小雞；orange橘汁an orange橘子； glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼鏡;paper紙a paper試

6、卷、論文； wood 木頭a wood小森林；room 空間、余地a room 房間三、名詞的所有格1 .'吟格。1).用and連接兩個(gè)并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共有關(guān)系時(shí)，這時(shí)只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加一s. IIThis is(Mary and Lily) bedroom .2 ). 1).用and連接兩個(gè)并列的單數(shù)名詞表示各有關(guān)系時(shí)，這時(shí)分別在每個(gè)名詞后加一s. IIThese are(Tom and Jack ) school bags .3 ).以s結(jié)尾的名詞，變所有格時(shí)在s后加一不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，仍加 一s IITeachers ' Day Children's Da

7、y4 .of所有格1).of用來表示無生命的名詞所有格。the map of China the door of the room2).雙重所有格：of +名詞所有格of +名詞性的物住代詞He is a friend of my(brother ) . Is she a daughter of(you)?鞏固練習(xí)：1 .( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake()

8、2 We need some more. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe()3 are for cutting things.A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using()4 What big the tiger has!A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes()5 Please remember to give the horse some tree. A.

9、leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave()6 -Can we have some?-Yes, please.A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear2 .( ) 1 They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories()2 He gave us on how to keep fit.A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice( ) 3 When we saw hi

10、s face, we knew_ was bad.A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news( ) 4 What_ lovely weather it is!A. / B. the C. an D. a3 .( )1 -Would you like_tea?-No, thanks. I have drunk two.A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orangeC. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges( )2 He is hung

11、ry. Give him _ to eat.A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )3 It really took him:_ to draw the nice horse.A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time( )4 I would like to have_.A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. t

12、wo glass of milks( ) 5 Can you give me ?A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea( ) 6 Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of( )7 John bought_for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes參考答案：1. 1-7 C C B

13、B B B C 2. 1-4 C B C A 3. 1-7 B C D A D D A練習(xí)與鞏固：() 1. They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories() 2. I have two and three bottles of here.A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges() 3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 2

14、5 minutes walk B. 25 minute s walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk() 4. An old wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person() 5. Help yourself to .A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples() 6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two .A. room

15、 s number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers() 7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second .A. family B. house C. home D. room專題二：動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作（study, find, swim等）或狀態(tài)（be, like, feel等）的詞。動(dòng)詞具有人稱、數(shù)量、時(shí) 態(tài)、語態(tài)和語態(tài)變化。動(dòng)詞分類：動(dòng)詞有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）四類。一）助動(dòng)詞1、助動(dòng)詞be的用法如下：1

16、）構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：It was raining all day yesterday.昨天整天下雨。2）構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.會(huì)議是昨天下午舉行的。3）與不定式連用表示按照計(jì)劃、預(yù)先安排或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：They are to see an English film this evening.他們今天晚上看英語電影。2、助動(dòng)詞do的用法如下：1）構(gòu)成疑問式或否定式。如： Does he think so?I didn 't say anything about the result.2）在動(dòng)詞前加

17、上do, does, did表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為 1勺確，確實(shí)心如：They do study hard.She does love him.He did want to help the old man.3）可以用作代動(dòng)詞，代替句子中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，以避免重復(fù)。如：一 Who jumps highest in your class? Jim does.（不說 Jim jumps）3、have:助動(dòng)詞have的過去式是 had。have和had均可與動(dòng)詞過去分詞一起構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：1） He has lived here for three years. 2） As soon as the s

18、un had set they returned.4、shall, should:助動(dòng)詞shall只用于第一人稱的將來時(shí)態(tài)；助動(dòng)詞 should是shall的過去式，構(gòu)成過去將 來時(shí)。如：1） I shall send ten letters to my good friend. 2） She wanted to know if I should go to the palace.二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定含義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，要和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。它們也能表明句子的否定、 疑問或時(shí)態(tài)上的區(qū)別。常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can, may, must, need, should等。一 .情態(tài)動(dòng)

19、詞的用法1. can用法1）表示能力，與 be able to同義，但can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)，be able to可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。Two eyes can see more than one.注：Can you ？ Yes, I can / No,I can't.2） .表示允許、請求用could比can語氣更加委婉客氣，常用于 could I /you句型中.？若表示同意時(shí)，用 can回答而不用could .Could I borrow the book ? No, you can' t .3）。表示推測“可能 ”常用于否定句或疑問句中。（cant 表示一定不是）It c

20、an t be true .Can it be true ?2. may 用法1)表允許，請求= can表示許可或征求對方的許可，常于第一人稱連用。注： May I .？ Yes ,you may No, you can't / mustn 't.在回答以may 引起的問句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly.2)表推測，可能、也許。常用于肯定句中。Maybe he knows the news .=He the news.3. must1)表示義務(wù)。意為“ 必須 ” (主觀意志)。We must do everything st

21、ep by step.注： Must I .？ Yes, you must / No,you needn' t(don 't have to ).2) mustn'表禁止、不允許。You mustn t talk to her like that.3)表示揣測。意為 想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中must改為can .He must be ill. He looks so pale.She s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.注：must表推測時(shí)，其反義疑問句與must

22、后面的動(dòng)詞一致。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 練習(xí)與鞏固：( ) 1. Mr Wang be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.A. mustn t B. may not C. can t D. needn t()2. HMust I saty at home, Mum? - No, you. A. needn 't B. mustn 't C. don not 't D. may ()3. £an you go swimming with us this afternoon?-Sorry, I can t.

23、 I take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.A. can B. mayC. would D. have to()4. HMayI goto the cinema,Mum? - Certainly. But you be back by 11 o'clock.A. can B. mayC. must D. need( ) 5. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river.A. needn t be thrown B. mustnt b

24、e thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw三）聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞含有一定意義，它們要與其后做表語的形容詞、名詞或介詞（短語）一起構(gòu)成合成 謂語。系動(dòng)詞按意義可分為三類，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意義聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有：be, appear, seem, keep, remain, continue, stay, prove等，如： Jim appears very old.2、表示感覺的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ook, feel, smell, sound, taste 等。如：It smells bad.3、表示轉(zhuǎn)變的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有become, fall, get, go, g

25、row, turn等。如：She becomes more beautiful than three years ago. Pizza is ready, and it nice.A.smells B.feels C.goes This kind of apple delicious. I want one more.A.smells B.feels C.tastes Oh, the milk strange, do you think it's OK to drink?A.is tasted B.is tasting Ctastes This kind of skirt looks

26、and sells.A.nice, well B.nice, good C.good, good四）行為動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)有很多。初中階段主要掌握：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行 時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作3.表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west;O日從東方升起，從西方落下。例題解析：1. May I help you, sir?-Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterda

27、y, but it.A. didn 't work B. doesn 't work C. won 't work D. can't work2. the bus until it.A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Don't get off, stops D. Don't get off, will stop3. The 70-year-old man exercises in the morning. A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take2）

28、 一般過去時(shí)1）.概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。3） .基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be動(dòng)詞；was/were ,行為動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞的過去式4） .否定形式： was/were+not;didn '勘詞原形4）用動(dòng)詞的過去式。作謂語的行為動(dòng)詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況+ed以e字母結(jié)尾的輔音+d以輔音字母十y結(jié)尾去y變i + ed重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫詞尾字母+ed3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主語 +am/is/ are+v-ing是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式v-ing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成:一般情況+ing以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞。去e,加ing+

29、ing以輔音字母十y結(jié)尾的單詞去 e+ing以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí).雙寫詞尾字母+ing2）用法：1.說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（動(dòng)作是在說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行）。例如： She is having a bath now.2.正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（但動(dòng)作并不是必須在說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行）。例如： You are working hard today.1. Look! The police （ carry ） the food onto the bank of the river.2. Listen! Someone（ sing ） in the room.3. It ' s

30、six o ' clock. The Greens（ eat ） dinner.4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）.表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段 時(shí)間正在 進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一 特定的過 去時(shí)間，除有上，下文暗示以外，一般 用時(shí)間狀語來表示或由when / while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。2） .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（主句）when 一般過去時(shí)（從句）。3） .一般過去時(shí)（主句）while過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（從句）。4） .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（主句）while過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（從句）。（強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行 ）1. Did you see him come in? No, I( watch) a football game.2. My sis

31、ter(read) her book when my mother came in.3. This time yesterday I(eat) dinner with my friends.4. At nine o ' clock last Sunday, they (have) a party.5. They(swim) in the pool from 7:30 to 9:00 last Sunday.5. 一般將來時(shí)構(gòu)成1) is / am / are +going to do sth表示計(jì)劃，安排要做的事情2 ) will do sth ( will是助動(dòng)詞，沒有人稱的變化，適

32、用于各種人稱)shall do sth ( shall是助動(dòng)詞，只用于第一人稱) He( tell ) you when he( come ) back tomorrow. Tom( play ) with you if he( be ) free next Sunday.2. in +一段時(shí)間在一后(How soon)(一般將來時(shí))after +一段時(shí)間=一段時(shí)間+ later在一后(When )(一般過去時(shí))after +時(shí)刻數(shù)(一般將來時(shí))He( get )here in an hour. He( get )here after an hour.He( get )here after f

33、ive o' clock.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I 1）.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng) 作或狀態(tài)。2.）.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done 3）.否定形式：have/has + not +done.()1.Have you ever to an amusement park/A.gone to a B.gone to an C.been to a D.been to an()2.Where 's AmyShe has to the UK.A.been B.gone C.went D.goes()3.have you be

34、en there?-For three years.A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon()4.Has Paul been to the USA? -Yes,.A.he has B.he does C.she has D.she does()5.I to Canada twice. It's so beautiful.A.won 't go B.have gone C.don't go D.have been()6. Where _ you _, John? I' m looking for you everyw

35、here.A. have; been B. have ;been to Cg oave;()7. How long your father Shanghai? A. did; come B. has; been in C. has; been tosince和for的用法(用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用的時(shí)間狀語有：for, since, how long, so far, these days等。1) . since : a).since +時(shí)間點(diǎn) 年代時(shí)刻數(shù) 一段時(shí)間+agob) .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主句(主語+have/has +延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去分詞)+ since

36、 +從句一般過去時(shí)c) It 峰間段+since +短暫性動(dòng)詞的過去式 d).時(shí)間段+has passed +since短暫性動(dòng)詞的過去式2) .for + 一段時(shí)間用 since 和 for 填空 1)two years2)two years ago 3)last month4) . He has lived in Nanjing the year before last. 5 ). I ' ve known him we were children.3) .for: for + 一段時(shí)間=since +一段時(shí)間 + ago4) .與時(shí)間段連用時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞應(yīng)改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。1

37、) come/go to - be at /in 2)leave -be away from 3)buy -have 4) borrow /lend -keep 5)close-be closed練習(xí)：()1. Three years since I you last time.A. have passed; metB. has passed; metC. passed; have met()2. He has been here he left his hometown.A. sinceB. inC. for()3. He the English-Chinese dictionary for

38、 about twenty years , but it is still new .What a careful man!A. has boughtB. has borrowed C. has had()4. -When did China the WTO?-China the WTO for several years.A. join; has been a member of B. join; has joined C. take part in; have been in()5. How long have you the book?A. boughtB. borrowed C. ke

39、pt()6. How time flies! Several years since we started our middle school life. We will keep the pleasantA. have passedexperiences in our minds.B. has passed C.will pass7.過去完成時(shí)態(tài)1) .概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為。2) .基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done. 3).否定形式：had + not + done.練習(xí) ()1. He in Shanghai University

40、 for four years before he Beijing.A. studied, had gone B. had studied, wentC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone()2. Mary said it was at least five years since he a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy()3. Xiao Pei said she Hainan for 3 months.A. has been in B.

41、 had been in C. had been to D. had gone to時(shí)態(tài)綜合：選擇最佳答案填空(動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài))：()1. We out by that time that he a thief for a longtime.A. had found, had been B. had found, wasC. found, had been D. found, was()2. It so happened that they the novel before.A. had read B . would read C. were reading D. read()3. She for

42、nearly two hours.A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking()4. Spring after winter.A. comes B. came C. has come D. had come()5. I hear some noise in the next room.Oh, yes. Your sister there.A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying()6. All the students to plant trees

43、and there' s nobody in the classroom.A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go()7. Stop! A little boy the street.A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed()8. The girl to milk since last winter.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn()9. What to you this morning?A. happens B

44、. is happened C. happened D. was happened()10. The old man looks healthy. Yes. He some running after he gets up.A. does B. did C. has done D. will do 1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC專題二冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an ）和定冠詞（the）考查重點(diǎn)冠詞的考查重點(diǎn)包括不定冠詞a和an的用法，定冠詞the的用法和零冠詞的用法等。一.a和an的區(qū)別不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，a用于輔音（不是輔音字母）開頭的詞前，an用于元音（不是元音字母）開

45、頭 的詞前。例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book不看字母看讀音，不見原因（元音）別施恩（n）注意以一UFff頭的單詞。如果發(fā)字母u本身的音/ju： /,前面加a.如.a useful book,a university, . a usual chair ；如果發(fā)以外的音，前面力口an：如 an unusual chair, an unimportant,an umbrella,

46、二.不定冠詞的用法1 .泛指某一類人、事或物；相當(dāng)于 any,這是不定冠詞a/an的基本用法。A horst is an animal2 .泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.3 .表示數(shù)量，有 ”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。I have a computer.4 .表示 每， 相當(dāng)于 every. I go to school five days a week.我周上五天課。5 .用在序數(shù)詞前，表示又一"，再一"。I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.6

47、.用在某些固定詞組中：a lot（of）, after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time,have a goodtime ,have a look三.定冠詞的用法1 .特指某（些）人或某（些）物，這是定冠詞的基本用法。The book on the desk is mine2 .指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。Open the window, please.3 .指上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物。I have a car. The car is red.4 .

48、指世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?5 .用在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)前。The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.6 .用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。the Great Wall長城，the United States美國7 .用在某些形容詞前，表示某一類人。the poor窮人，the blind盲人8用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示 全家人"或 夫妻倆"。the Greens格林一家或格林夫妻倆9 .用在方位詞前。on the left 在左邊，in the

49、middle of 在中間10 . 用在樂器名稱前。She plays the piano every day.11 .用在表示海洋，河流，山脈，群島及國家和黨派等名詞前。the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River長江四 .零冠詞的用法12 棋類,球類,一日三餐名詞前不用任何冠詞play chess play football have supper13 季節(jié),月份,星期,節(jié)假日名詞前不用任何冠詞. in July in summeron Monday on Teachers Day14 人名,地名,國家名前不加冠詞Beijing is the capital of Ch

50、ina15 學(xué)科,語言,稱呼,語職務(wù)名詞前不用冠詞Math is hard to learn16 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示類別時(shí)不加冠詞They are workersI like eating apples17 名詞前已有物主代詞(my, your, his, her等)、指示代詞(this/these, that/those)、不定代詞(some, any 等)及所有格限制時(shí)，不用冠詞 my book(正)；my the book(誤)18 在表特定的公園，街道，車站，橋，學(xué)校等之前。No.25 Middle School練習(xí)與鞏固( )1. Who s that girl? You mean one

51、 with long blond hair? That's Jack s daughter.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填( )2. Be careful ! There is dog lying on the ground. Thanks a lot.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )3. Victor can play piano. He can join the music club.A. a B. an C. the( )4 Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A. / B.

52、A C. An D. The( )5. What bad weather it is today!Yes, weather makes me so sad.A. a; a B. /; the C. an; the D. the; a( )6. is your mother? She is English teacher.A.Who; the B.What; / C.What; anD.Who; a( )7. Bill likes playingbasketball, but he doesn t like playingpiano.A. the, the B. /, the C. the, /

53、專題四代詞2.用法：1)that those常用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物，以避免重復(fù).That代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 Those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞.The books in that shop are cheaper than in this shop.A.this B.that C.one D.those2)this ,that可代替句子或句子的一個(gè)部分，that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn ' t come .五.不定代詞的區(qū)別.1.1 ne與it的區(qū)別One代替同類事物中的一種.而it

54、代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?1.50 me與any的區(qū)另U一般情況下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定，疑問句，條件句中.但在表建議的疑問句中，仍用some代any.常 用于 could / would / May 開頭或 what about /how about 的句中。.3 .many與 much的區(qū)另UMany+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)Much+不可數(shù)名詞都相當(dāng)于a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞注:a lot of不能用于否定句中.否定句中用 many /much .4 .a few /few /a lit

55、tle /little 的區(qū)別表許多表否定（幾乎 沒有）表否定表肯定（有一點(diǎn)/ 幾個(gè)）修飾可數(shù)名詞Quite afewfewOnly a fewa few修飾不可數(shù)名詞Quite a littlelittleOnly a littlea littleThe story is easy to read . there are new words in it .Hurry up ! There is time left .5 .each / every 的區(qū)另 Ueach表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè).而every表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè)There are trees and f

56、rowers on side of the street .student has read a story .6 .no one 與 none的區(qū)另Uno one表示沒有人，不能與of連用.而none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞，作主語時(shí)，謂語常用單數(shù)。.The boys were all tired , but of them stopped to have a rest .7 .both /neither /either /all / none / any 的區(qū)別都都不任何一個(gè)兩者之間bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyThere are many trees on side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all注：1）. both的否定詞是 neither , all的否定詞是 none.2） .both of作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).neither of作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Neither of the answers(be) right .Both of my parents(be) workers.3) .詞組A) both and連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).同