1、2020年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)定語從句的用法【真題再現(xiàn)】1. After Mandela was free （自由的）in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people wanted to kill him. （2014 臨沂）A. whose B. whichC. / D. who2. 一 Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China （ « 舌尖上的中國）? （2014 咸寧）-Yeah! It 'the most funny one I have ever seen.A.

2、that B. what C. which D. where3. Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher? （2014 濱州）Oh, she is my sister.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. where4. Do you know the man saved five people in the fire? （2014 宜賓）A. whoB. itC. whenD. whom5. He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house he built himself ou

3、t of trash. （2014 十士g）A. whereB. whatC. whichD. in which6. People overweight need more water than thin people. （2014 呼和浩特 ）A . who is B . which are C. that isD. who are7. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing he did was to look for some food.（2014廣東）A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whom8. 一

4、 Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? （2014 泰安）-The man T-shirt is red.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. whose9. Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? （2014 鄂州）一I ' m not sure. Is it in the hall can hold 300 people?A. whereB. whatC. thatD. when10. What kind of movies do you

5、like? （2014 達(dá)州）-I like movies scary monsters.A. which hasB. that haveC. what hasD. why have11. The photo taken by my brother last week is very nice. （2015 呼和浩特）A. which were B. that isC. that wereD . which was12. The stone bridge was built in Song Dynasty was repaired last month . （ 2015 西?。〢 . that

6、 B. when C. where13. Why don' t you like fishing（2015 河南）-Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but I' m not patient at all.A. whoB. thatC. itD. what14. 一 Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends. （2015 福州）Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication people like.A. thatB. whichC.

7、 who15. Language learning isn ' t hard itsef attitude you have decides if you can learn itwell at last. （2015 哈爾濱）A . whatB. whoC. which16. Lily, what kind of museums do you like? （2015 廈門）- I like museums can provide visitors with free WiFi.A. whatB. thatC. who17. Have you ever heard of the new

8、s is about the Strawberry Concert? （2015 南寧）A. who B. what C. which D. when【答案與解析】1. D。句意：在曼德拉1990獲得自由后，他選擇了與想殺他的人握手。先行詞指人，所以選who。2. A本句意為：你看舌尖上的中國這部紀(jì)錄片了嗎？ 它是我看過最有趣的一個 紀(jì)錄片。先行詞有最高級修飾，關(guān)系代詞選that。3. A。句意：一你知不知道跟我們老師談話的那個女孩是誰？一哦，她是我的妹妹。本句中先行詞是the girl,且the girl做后面定語從句的主語，故選用主格who。4. Ao句意：你知道那個在大火中救了五個人的人

9、嗎？根據(jù)先行詞是 man,故選A who。5. Co本題考查定語從句。限行詞the house在定語從句中作 built的賓語，所以選 which。6. Do句意：超重的人需要的水比瘦的人多。定語從句的先行詞是people,且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故答案為 D項(xiàng)。7. Bo句意：當(dāng)魯濱遜到達(dá)島上時，他做的第一件事就是尋找一些食物。本題考查定語從句。 先行詞指物且被序數(shù)詞 first修飾，故只能選用關(guān)系詞 that,因此B項(xiàng)正確。8. D。本句意為：一一劉華，哪個是你的新鄰居？定語從句的關(guān)系詞 whose等于先行詞的所有格（即先行詞's）;該題的先行詞是 the man,所以whose

10、T-shirt = The man 's T-shirt,故答案選 D。9. C。句意：一一學(xué)校英語口語比賽今晚將在哪里舉行？一一我不確定。是在能容納300人的大禮堂嗎？ where作為定語從句的地點(diǎn)狀語；when充當(dāng)定語從句中時間狀語； what充當(dāng)名詞性從句中的主語、賓語和標(biāo)語。此處作為先行詞the hall的定語從句，這個定語從句中缺少主語，故用代詞that來充當(dāng)。故選Co10. Bo本題意為：你喜歡什么類型的電影？我喜歡那種有可怕的怪物的電影。movies復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面接have,故答案選Bo11. Do句意為：我哥哥上周拍的那張照片很好。先行詞"the photo”是

11、單數(shù)，定語從句中的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；由定語從句中的時間狀語 “l(fā)ast week”可知，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時， 故選D。12. Ao "The stone bridged定語從句的先行詞，指物，在從句中作主語，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用that,故選Ao13. B。句意：一你為什么不喜歡釣魚？一釣魚是需要很大的耐心的一種愛好，但我根本沒有耐心。who誰；that那；it它；what什么。先行詞 a hobby在定語從句中作主語，可以用關(guān)系代詞 that代替，所以選Bo14. Ao本題考查定語從句，先行詞前有最高級修飾，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做賓語，故選擇Ao15. C。句意：語言學(xué)習(xí)本身并不難

12、。你的態(tài)度決定了你最終能否學(xué)好它。先行詞是“The attitude”，指物，在從句中作 have的賓語，使用關(guān)系代詞 that或which,故選C。16. Bo本題考查定語從句，先行詞為museums,關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語，故選B。17. Co the new是先行詞，指物，在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which,故選C?！居梅ㄖv解】考試要求：定語從句一般不是中考重點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容，大部分地區(qū)的中考只要求理解定語從句，但是部分地 區(qū)也對定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞及定語從句中的主謂一致進(jìn)行了考查，但是理解定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)對于準(zhǔn)確理解句子的意思相當(dāng)重要。1 .定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)在復(fù)合句中，修飾某

13、一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.這是他為我生日送的禮物。Do you know everybody who came to the party?你認(rèn)識來宴會的每一位嗎？This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.這是毛主席曾經(jīng)居住過的地方。2 .各個關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法(1) who指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：The

14、person who broke the window must pay for it.打碎玻璃的人必須賠償。The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.穿黑色夾克的男孩非常聰明。(2) whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate ?你認(rèn)識我們在門口遇到的那位男士嗎？Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.你要見的李先生已經(jīng)來了。(3) whose指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：The gi

15、rl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.她媽媽病的那個女孩今天呆在家里。I know the boy whose father is a professor.我認(rèn)識他父親是教授的那個男孩。(4) which指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解釋單詞意思的書。Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.這是老師昨天提到的那本書。(5) that多指物

16、，有時也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：I ' ve read the newspaper that / which carries the important news.我已經(jīng)讀了那份承載重要新聞的報紙。Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?正在那兒讀報紙的人是誰？(6) when指時間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：I ' ll never forgethe time when we worked on the farm.我從不會忘記我們工作在農(nóng)場的時間。He arrived in Beiji

17、ng on the day when I left.就在我離開那天他到得北京。(7) where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：This is the house where we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉哪莻€房子。The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.父親工作的那個工廠在城市的東邊。3 .關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系 起來。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分，關(guān)系代詞可作主語、賓語或定語，關(guān) 系

18、副詞可作狀語。(1)作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。例如：I don ' t like peoplw ho talk much but do little.我不喜歡說得多而做得少的人。The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.湖北生產(chǎn)的汽車銷售得很好。(2)作賓語：例如：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.她是我昨天在校門口遇見的那個人。The book that my grand

19、mother gave me is called The Great Escape.奶奶給我的那本書叫大逃亡。(3)作定語：關(guān)系代詞 whose在定語從句中作定語用。 例如：What' s the name of the young manwhose sister is a doctor?他的妹妹是醫(yī)生的那個年輕男子叫什么名字？The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.她的父親是一位老師的那個女孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力。(4)作狀語I ' ll rvsr forget the day when I first came to

20、Beijing.我將從不會忘記我第一次來北京的那天。This is the house where I was born.這是我出生的那個房子。4 .具體使用時注意下列問題：只能使用that,不用which的情況：(1)先行詞是 all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything等不定代詞時。例如：All that he said is true.所有他說的都是真的。(2)如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, few, much, no, some, only, very 等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which。例如： This is the only book that the old woman is interested in.