1、水利土木工程學(xué)院道路橋梁與渡河工程指對各個國家指對各個國家(China, Great Britain, the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zea1and, Japan, Russia, India, Egypt, Cuba, etc. )的介紹的介紹(包括歷史、包括歷史、地理地理)，以及對人口增長，以及對人口增長(popu1ation growth)、土地、土地(land)、糧食、住房、糧食、住房(housing)、污染、污染(pollution)、環(huán)、環(huán)境保護(hù)境保護(hù)(environmental conservation)等問題發(fā)表意見。等問題

2、發(fā)表意見。就公共場所吸煙、隨地吐痰、隨地扔紙屑、課本資就公共場所吸煙、隨地吐痰、隨地扔紙屑、課本資料回收等發(fā)表意見。珍惜水資源、使用再生資源、料回收等發(fā)表意見。珍惜水資源、使用再生資源、實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、創(chuàng)建綠色學(xué)校。實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、創(chuàng)建綠色學(xué)校?；A(chǔ)寫作：基礎(chǔ)寫作：介紹某個國家；介紹介紹某個國家；介紹“世界環(huán)境日世界環(huán)境日”；介；介紹紹“地球一小時地球一小時”活動；介紹活動；介紹“世界水日世界水日”；介紹；介紹“無車無車日日”活動；合理利用水資源；化肥與污染；污染整治活動；合理利用水資源；化肥與污染；污染整治之前與之后對比；公共衛(wèi)生意識；是否應(yīng)回收課本。之前與之后對比；公共衛(wèi)生意識；是

3、否應(yīng)回收課本。讀寫任務(wù)：讀寫任務(wù)：應(yīng)如何保護(hù)環(huán)境；環(huán)境保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展應(yīng)如何保護(hù)環(huán)境；環(huán)境保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展孰優(yōu)先；日常生活中怎樣進(jìn)行環(huán)境保護(hù)；動物保護(hù)孰優(yōu)先；日常生活中怎樣進(jìn)行環(huán)境保護(hù)；動物保護(hù)和人類生存孰優(yōu)先；人口增長與環(huán)境。和人類生存孰優(yōu)先；人口增長與環(huán)境。單詞dispose of, burn, bury (landfill垃圾場),dump傾倒，recycle 回收plastic bags塑料袋, drinking cans飲料罐biodegradable packaging 可降解包裝,throwaway 可丟棄的disposable 可丟棄的discourage v. 不鼓勵一、話題常用

4、單詞一、話題常用單詞1. environment n. 環(huán)境2. nature n. 自然3. natural resources 自然資源4. energy n. 能源5. pollution n. 污染6. plastic n. 塑料7. rubbish/trash 垃圾8. protect vt 保護(hù)9. recycle vt 循環(huán)， 回收，再利用10. pollute vt 污染11. spit vi 吐痰12. low-carbon adj 低碳的13. renewable adj 可再生的14. win-win adj.雙贏的15. environmentally-friendly

5、 adj 環(huán)保的 一、話題常用單詞一、話題常用單詞A.環(huán)境污染的原因環(huán)境污染的原因(1)cut down trees 砍伐樹木砍伐樹木(2)pollute the environment/air 污染環(huán)境污染環(huán)境/空氣空氣(3)lead /water /noise/air /white pollution鉛鉛/水水/噪音噪音/空氣空氣/白色污染白色污染(4)The rubbish was everywhere.到處是垃圾。到處是垃圾。(5)send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air排放排放煙霧和有毒氣體煙霧和有毒氣體(6)pour waste

6、 water into rivers without being treated往往河里排放未經(jīng)處理的廢水河里排放未經(jīng)處理的廢水二、破壞環(huán)境的后果二、破壞環(huán)境的后果(1)acid rain 酸雨酸雨(2)abnormal climate氣候異常氣候異常(3)global warming 全球變暖全球變暖(4)sea level rise 海平面上升海平面上升(5)greenhouse effect 溫室效應(yīng)溫室效應(yīng)(6)extinction of animals 動物滅絕動物滅絕(7)be harmful to/do harm to. 對對有害有害(8)flood many low-lying

7、 cities 水淹低洼城市水淹低洼城市(9)drought/flood/sandstorms sweep across. 干旱干旱/洪水洪水/沙塵暴橫掃沙塵暴橫掃10)smog/haze 霧霾11)environmental pollution 環(huán)境污染12)at the cost/expense of our environment 以犧牲環(huán)境作為代價13)the overuse of natural resources 自然資源的過度利用三、環(huán)保措施三、環(huán)保措施(1)plant trees 植樹植樹(2)sort rubbish 垃圾分類垃圾分類(3)protect the ecolog

8、y 保護(hù)生態(tài)保護(hù)生態(tài)(4)save energy/water節(jié)約能源節(jié)約能源/水水(5)go green生產(chǎn)或使用綠色產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)或使用綠色產(chǎn)品(6)protect the environment 保護(hù)環(huán)境保護(hù)環(huán)境(7)ride bicycles to work 騎自行車上班騎自行車上班(8)develop renewable resources可再生資源可再生資源(9)fight against pollution 與污染作斗爭與污染作斗爭(10)sustainable development 可持續(xù)發(fā)展可持續(xù)發(fā)展三、環(huán)保措施三、環(huán)保措施(11)eco-friendly products 生態(tài)友

9、好的產(chǎn)品生態(tài)友好的產(chǎn)品(12)deal with rubbish properly正確處理垃圾正確處理垃圾(13)recycle textbooks/trash 課本課本/垃圾回收利用垃圾回收利用(14)ban smoking in public 禁止在公共場合吸煙禁止在公共場合吸煙(15)improve our living conditions 改善居住條件改善居住條件(16)keep the balance of nature 保持自然界的平衡保持自然界的平衡(17)stop / keep/ prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做阻止某人做(18)ban the abus

10、e of plastic bags 禁止濫用塑料袋禁止濫用塑料袋(19)dont litter/spit everywhere 不隨地扔垃圾不隨地扔垃圾/吐痰吐痰三、環(huán)保措施三、環(huán)保措施（20)reduce the use of single served chopsticks 減少使用一次性筷子(21)equip cars with pollution-control devices 給汽車安裝上控制污染的裝置(22)take action/take measures to do sth 采取行動/措施做某事(23)raise the awareness of environmental p

11、rotection 提高環(huán)保意識 (24)take the responsibility to protect our environment 承擔(dān)保護(hù)環(huán)境的責(zé)任 (25)call on/ appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事三、環(huán)保措施三、環(huán)保措施protect the environment 保護(hù)環(huán)境 plant trees and flowers 植樹種花 save water 節(jié)約用水 use paper bags 使用紙袋 put rubbish into the dustbin 垃圾入桶 do something useful 做一些有用的事情 use sh

12、opping baskets 使用購物籃 refuse plastic bags 拒絕塑料袋 recycle the waste 廢品再利用 purify dirty water 凈化臟水 四、環(huán)境狀況blue sky and fresh air藍(lán)色的天空，清新的空氣 green hills and clear water 青山綠水 air/noise/water pollution 空氣/噪音/水污染 throw rubbish everywhere 到處扔垃圾 plastic bags 塑料袋 pour dirty water 倒臟/污水 polluted water 被污染的水 五、話題

13、常用句型五、話題常用句型 A.描述現(xiàn)狀分析原因描述現(xiàn)狀分析原因1. With the development of science and technology, the environemtal pollution is becoming more and more serious. 隨著科技的進(jìn)步，環(huán)境污染越來越嚴(yán)重2. People lack the sense of protecting the environment. 人們?nèi)狈ΡＷo(hù)環(huán)境的意識 3. Some people pay no attention to the environment that they live in.有些

14、人對他們居住的環(huán)境毫不在意。4. People throw rubbish everywhere, which makes the environment seriously polluted.人們到處扔垃圾，這使得環(huán)境受到了嚴(yán)重的污染。五、話題常用句型五、話題常用句型5. People have been cutting down too many trees, which caused birds and animals to lose their natural habitats.人們一直在過度砍伐樹木，導(dǎo)致鳥類和動物失去了他們的自然棲息地。6. While travelling , p

15、eople are often caught in haze or smog, which is very dangerous for people 出行時，人們經(jīng)常會遇到霧霾或大霧，這對人們來說非常危險。五、話題常用句型五、話題常用句型 B、采取措施、采取措施1. Now more and more people have come to realize how serious the problem is. 現(xiàn)在越來越多的人已經(jīng)意識到問題的嚴(yán)重性2. Environmental protection has caused global concern recently 近來環(huán)保已經(jīng)引起了全

16、球的關(guān)注。3. It is high time that we took immediate measures to protect our environment/earth 該是我們立刻保護(hù)我們環(huán)境/地球的時候了4. It is our obligation/duty to keep our environment clean 保護(hù)環(huán)境整潔是我們的職責(zé)。5. We should take good care of the forest and plant more trees instead of cutting down them so as to improve our living

17、conditions.為了改善我們的生存環(huán)境，我們應(yīng)該愛護(hù)森林、多種樹，而不是靠砍樹五、話題常用句型五、話題常用句型 B、采取措施、采取措施6. Everyone should raise the awareness that its our duty to protect our mother earth. 每個人都應(yīng)該提高保護(hù)地球的意識。7. On no account should we develop our economy at the cost of our environment.無論如何我們不應(yīng)該犧牲我們的環(huán)境來發(fā)展我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。8. We students should for

18、m the good habit of picking up the rubbish that we see anywhere.我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成隨手撿垃圾的好習(xí)慣9. To protect the environment, the government should pass laws to prevent people people from throwing rubbish everywhere 為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，政府應(yīng)該通過一些法規(guī)來阻止人們亂扔垃圾。10. In my opinion, the best solution to this problem is to carry out th

19、e system of praise and punishment firmly.依我之見， 解決問題的最好辦法就是懲獎并用。六、采取措施六、采取措施 C.呼吁號召呼吁號召1. only in this way can we enjoy fresh air and live a healthy life 唯有這種方式我們才能享受新鮮空氣，活得健康。2. To cherish the environment is to love ourselves.愛護(hù)環(huán)境就是愛護(hù)我們自己。3. Only by this means can we stop the air from being polluted

20、.只有這樣我們才能阻止空氣被污染六、采取措施六、采取措施 C.呼吁號召呼吁號召stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 Everyone knows the environment is to us. 人人都知道環(huán)境對我們很(某種利害關(guān)系) Something must be done to 必須采取措施來(某種目有) As time goes by, our environment is getting 隨著時間的流逝，我們的環(huán)境變得越來越(某種變化) We should to protect our environment. 我們應(yīng)該(采取

21、某種行動)來保護(hù)環(huán)境。 We have only one earth, so we should do our best to protect it. 我們只有一個地球，要盡力保護(hù)它。What should we do to protect our environment? 我們應(yīng)該怎樣做去保護(hù)環(huán)境呢？ 六、采取措施六、采取措施1.We should plant more trees to keep water and earth from running away. 我們應(yīng)該多種樹防止水土流失。 2.We should often ride a bike or walk instead of

22、 driving cars. 我們應(yīng)該騎車而不開車。 3. We shouldnt pour the dirty water into the river. 我們不應(yīng)該把臟水倒入河里。 4.We shouldnt use the plastic bas too often. 我們不應(yīng)該太常使用塑料袋。 5.We can use paper bags or shopping baskets. 我們可以使用紙袋或購物袋。六、采取措施六、采取措施6. We cant throw rubbish here and there (everywhere). 我們不能到處扔垃圾。 7. We can hel

23、p clean up the public places. 我們可以幫忙清潔公共地方。 8.We should save water and electricity. 我們應(yīng)該節(jié)約用水/電。 9. We can use both sides of the paper when we write . 當(dāng)我們寫東西時，可以兩面紙都寫。 10. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.(結(jié)束語) 總而

24、言之，如果每個人都關(guān)注環(huán)境，就會少點(diǎn)污染，我們的生活就會更美好。 七、佳作欣賞七、佳作欣賞范文一有關(guān)霧霾范文一有關(guān)霧霾：假如你是李華，David是你的美國網(wǎng)友。他對目前中國出現(xiàn)的霧霆天氣很關(guān)注，來信向你詢問此事。請你給他寫封回信。主要內(nèi)容如下：1.感謝他的關(guān)注。2.簡介霧霾 (smog) 天氣給人們的身體、生活帶來的危害3.談?wù)勀愕母邢搿ear David,Im glad to receive your letter. I have learned from your letter that you are concerned about the smog which frequently

25、appears in some areas of China. Thank you for your concern. Im also very worried about such terrible weather because it has brought much inconvenience or rather harm to peoples health such as traffic jam, road accidents, bad coughs, throat hurts and ever lung cancers and so on.As everybody knows, a

26、good environment comes from good protection. So we should do what we can to make a difference. Try to drive less and choose air-friendly products. Only when everyone has the environmental awareness can we have cleaner air.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon and sharing your good ideas. 七、佳

27、作欣賞七、佳作欣賞范文二：有關(guān)低碳生活范文二：有關(guān)低碳生活：1. 低碳生活受到人們的普遍歡迎低碳生活受到人們的普遍歡迎2. 低碳生活方式低碳生活方式非常有好處非常有好處3. 我們應(yīng)該如何去做我們應(yīng)該如何去做Live a Low-carbon LifeAs is known to us all,our environment is getting worse and worse,and a low carbon life is becoming more and more popular among people. A low carbon life can be of great use fo

28、r us.It can help save energy and cut down the pollution. It can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that is the main cause of greenhouse effect, and can help keep our environment beautiful and clean.Therefore, we should live a low carbon life. First of all, when we go out, we should take a bus or ri

29、de a bike instead of driving a car. Cars not only let out carbon dioxide but also waste energy. Second,we had best not use plastic bags which can bring about the white pollution. We should use the environment-friendly bags. Third, its of great use to plant trees. Trees can absorb carbon dioxide and

30、release oxygen. Finally, we should start with small things. Therefore, as students, we ought to turn out the lights the moment we leave,turn off the tap in time,and reuse our textbooks and so on. 基礎(chǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)寫作: 介紹介紹“世界環(huán)境日世界環(huán)境日”2009年年6月月5日，在墨西哥舉辦了每年一度的日，在墨西哥舉辦了每年一度的“世世界環(huán)境日界環(huán)境日”紀(jì)念日活動。請根據(jù)如下表格，寫一紀(jì)念日活動。請根據(jù)如下表

31、格，寫一篇介紹篇介紹“世界環(huán)境日世界環(huán)境日”的短文。的短文。名稱名稱世界環(huán)境日世界環(huán)境日時間時間每年的每年的6月月5日日歷史歷史1972年，為了紀(jì)念斯德哥爾摩人類環(huán)境大會年，為了紀(jì)念斯德哥爾摩人類環(huán)境大會(the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment)的的開幕而設(shè)立開幕而設(shè)立目的目的提醒全世界注意人類活動對環(huán)境的危害；要求各國政提醒全世界注意人類活動對環(huán)境的危害；要求各國政府在這一天開展各種活動來強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)和改善人類環(huán)境府在這一天開展各種活動來強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)和改善人類環(huán)境的重要性的重要性2009年世年世界主題界主題地球需要你地球需要你聯(lián)合國際力量，

32、應(yīng)對氣候變化聯(lián)合國際力量，應(yīng)對氣候變化(Your planet needs YOU！Unite to combat climate change）2009年中年中國主題及國主題及目的目的減少污染減少污染行動起來行動起來(Reduce pollution Take action.) 引導(dǎo)公眾關(guān)注污染防治，積極參與節(jié)能減排引導(dǎo)公眾關(guān)注污染防治，積極參與節(jié)能減排(energy-saving and emission reduction)寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容1.以上表格的所有內(nèi)容；以上表格的所有內(nèi)容；2.你對設(shè)立世界環(huán)境日的看法。你對設(shè)立世界環(huán)境日的看法。基礎(chǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)寫作: 介紹介紹“世界環(huán)境日世界環(huán)境日

33、” Every year on June 5 people all over the world take part in World Environment Day (WED). The day was first established in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. It is intended to remind the world to be aware of the harm that human activities do to the enviro

34、nment and calls on the governments to organize varieties of activities to stress the importance of protecting and improving human environment. The world theme for WED 2009 is “Your Planet Needs YouUnite to Combat Climate Change” while the Chinese theme is “Reduce PollutionTake Action. ” The Chinese

35、government hopes the public will realize the importance of pollution control and prevention and take an active part in energy-saving and emission reduction. I think it very necessary to celebrate World Environment Day， which can make people pay more attention to protecting the environment in their daily activities. 讀寫任務(wù)讀寫任務(wù): 就就“經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展”發(fā)表看法發(fā)表看法寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容1. 以約以約30詞概括短文的主要內(nèi)容；詞概括短文的主要內(nèi)容；2. 以約以約120詞就詞就“經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)