1、表語從句1 定義：用作表語的從句叫做表語從句。2 關聯(lián)詞(1) 從屬連詞that。在從句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.  麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。 The reason was that he was late for school.(2) 從屬連詞whether, as, as if。如：1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before.  他看起來還與十年前一樣。2. The question is whether they

2、 will be able to help us. 問題是他們是否能幫我們。注：從屬連詞if一般不用來引導表語從句，但as if卻可引導表語從句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。The key is whether we can solve the problem.。It looked as if it was going to rain.注：能跟表語從句的謂語動詞一般為系動詞be, seem, look，sound等。如：He looke

3、d just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起來還與十年前一樣。 造句：聽起來好像有人在敲門。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. (3) 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表語從句中做主語、賓語等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。That was what she did this morning on

4、 reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。 造句： 問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。 The problem is who we can get to replace her.我想問的是誰離開了。 My question is who left. (4) 連接副詞 where, when, how, why。What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何時離開的。This is where they once lived. 這就是他們曾經住過的地方。That is why he didn't come hereThe questio

5、n is how he did it.  (5) 連詞because可引導表語從句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想這是因為你做得太多。造句：這是僅僅因為他不認識她。 It's just because he doesn't know her. That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因為他沒有理解我。(That's because.強調原因) That's why he got angry with me. 那正是

6、他對我生氣的原因。 (That's why.強調結果) (6)   在一些表示“建議、勸說、命令”的名詞后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。should+動詞原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。系動詞分類：一、根據系動詞后所跟結構，我們可以把英語系動詞分為兩大類：完全系動詞（其后只能跟表語的動詞，如be, seem）和半系動詞（其后既可跟表語作系動詞用法，也可跟賓語或狀語作實義動詞用，如look）  

7、60;  例如：1） He looked sadly at the boy.(“看著”，實義動詞用法)            He looks a clever boy .（“看起來”，系動詞用法）        2） He looks at a clever boy.（“看著”，實義動詞用法）在英語中，某一動詞是多義詞，既有實義動詞用法，又有系動詞用法。二、根據系動詞的意義，我們把英語系動詞分為四類：A五

8、大感官系動詞  B狀態(tài)系動詞C動態(tài)系動詞    D雙謂語系動詞A五大感官系動詞，描述一種感官性質。由實義感官動詞變化而來，都是半系動詞。1look“看起來像是”，后接adj.、n.、分詞、介詞短語、不定式等。 The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.這位女孩咬著嘴唇，看上去若有所思。2smell“聞起來”，后接adj.分詞。 The flowers smell sweet. 這些花氣味真香。3sound“聽起來”，后接adj.分詞。 The music sounds sweet.這首詩聽起來真悅耳。4tas

9、te“嘗起來”，后接adj.分詞。The apples taste very good. 這些蘋果很好吃。5Feel “摸起來，給感覺”；“覺得”，后接adj./p.p. You will feel better after a nights sleep. 睡上一晚，你會覺得好些。B狀態(tài)系動詞：1be，“是”，屬完全系動詞。 I am a student. 我是一個學生。2seem,“似乎，好像”，完全系動詞。 They seem quite happy. 他們似乎很快樂。3appear,“顯得，看起來好像”，半系動詞。 It appeared(to be)a true story.看來這是一

10、個真實的故事。4keep, “保持的狀態(tài)”，半系動詞，后接adj或介詞短語。 Youd better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。5remain,“仍是”，半系動詞。 I  remained silent. 我仍然緘默。6stay“保持（某種狀態(tài)）”，半系動詞，后接adj.、過去分詞。 The window stayed open all the ve “證明是”，半系動詞，后接adj.n. The treatment proved to be successful. 這種療法證明是成功的。C動態(tài)系動詞：都屬于半系

11、動詞，描述狀態(tài)變化過程。1get“變成，變得起來”，后可接形容詞、分詞、介詞短語。   The days are getting longer and longer. 白天變得越來越長了。 2fall“進入（某種狀態(tài)），成為”，后常接以下形容詞：asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat. The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人說不清自己的意思，就不做聲了。 My father fell ill and died. 我的父親生病死了。3grow“漸漸變得起來，長得”

12、Its growing warm. 天氣漸漸暖和起來了。4turn“轉變成（新的與原來完全不同的色彩或性質），變質（色）”。    Maple trees turn red in autumn. 楓葉在秋天變紅了。 It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是陰天，幸好已經轉晴了。 5go，“變成（某種壞的狀態(tài)）”  The telephone has gone dead. 電話不通了。 The material has gone a funny co

13、lour. 這料子的顏色變得奇怪了。   go之后常接的adj. 還有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey. 6become“變成，成為（好壞均可的情況）”I became interested in drawing. 我開始對素描感興趣了。 He became angry with me. 他對我生氣了。 They became good friends. 他們成了好朋友。  7come，“變成為（已知的狀態(tài)），證實

14、為”，后常接形容詞或前綴un-的過去分詞作表語，表示狀態(tài)或情況的變化。His wish to become a pilot has come true. 他想當飛行員的愿望實現(xiàn)了。If you look into the matter, everything will come clear. 如果你調查一下這事，一切都會清楚。后面常接的形容詞還有：apart, dear（昂貴），natural, open, short, right（好了），unstuck（沒有粘住），untied（松開）。 8run,“變成”，后接adj. The price ran high. 價格上升了。9ma

15、ke，“達到某種狀態(tài)后接形容詞，如sure, certain, merry, bold, free We must make certain of facts.我們一定要弄清事實。D雙謂語系動詞 此類系動詞既有系動詞的功能，后接表語，又保留原實義動詞本身的含義。例如：The run rose red.太陽升起紅艷艷。She stopped and stood quite still.她停下來然后一絲不動地站著。The snow lay thick on the ground. 雪厚厚地堆積在地上。He married young. 他結婚很早。Lei Feng died young.雷鋒早逝。

16、He continued silent.他繼續(xù)沉默不語。IV.系動詞與高考及其練習 1.系動詞出現(xiàn)于單項選擇題中 The story sounds_(MET 89) A. to be true  B. as true  C. being true  D. trueThose oranges taste_(MET 91) A. good   B. well   C. to be good  D. to be well-Are you feeling_ -Yes, Im fine now/(NMET92)&#

17、160; A. any  well     B. any better C. quite  good     D. quite better-Can I join the club, Dad.  -You can when you _a bit older.(NMET 94) A. get   B. will  get  C. get  D. will have got -Do you like the material -Yes, i

18、t _very soft.(NMET 94) A. is feeling  B. felt   C. feels  D. is feltI love to go to the seaside on Summer. It_ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.(NMET 96)  A. does   B. feels   C. gets  D. makesCleaning women in big cities usually get _b

19、y the hour.(NMET 98) A. pay   B. paying  C. paid  D. to payWhy dont you put the meat in the fridge It will _ for several days.(NMET2003）  A. be stayed  B. stay  C. be staying  D. have stayed(以上七題答案分別如下：1.D, 2.A, 3.B, 4.A, 5.C, 6.B, 7.C, 8.B) 2.系動詞與短文改錯 &#

20、160; They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.(were)  Id like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.(be)  3.系動詞鞏固練習  What you have said_. Ais sounded interesting  B sounds interestingCsound interested   Dlistens

21、 interested The class begins. Please keep_. Asilent  Bsilence  Cthe silence  Dsilently Look! Several people in the crowd seemed_.  Ato be fighting    Bto have fought Cbeing fought     Dhaving fought How _the song she sings sounds! I have never _a better voice.  Abeautifully, sounded   Bbeautiful, sounded Csweet, listened to    Dsweet, heard Her feeling about the marriage _rather strange. Ais looked      Bis seemed Cseems