1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)Chapter 1Part I1、A basic definition of logistics is the continuous process of meeting customer needs by ensuring the availability of the right benefits for the right customer, in the quantity and condition desired by that customer, at th

2、e time and place the customer wants them, all for a price the buyer is willing to pay.物流的基本概念是按顧客期望的數(shù)量和條件，在顧客需要的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，以顧客愿意支付的價(jià)格，確保合適的顧客的合理利益的可獲得性而滿足顧客需要的連續(xù)過程。2、Customer service involves getting the right product to the right customer at the right place ,in the right condition and at the right time,

3、 at the lowest total cost possible.顧客服務(wù)涉及在適當(dāng)?shù)牡攸c(diǎn)、合適的條件和合適的時(shí)間，以盡可能低的總成本將合適的產(chǎn)品送至適當(dāng)?shù)念櫩汀?、Logistics information is key to the efficient functioning of system.物流通訊是物流系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮效率的關(guān)鍵。4、Order processing is the system a firm has for getting orders from customers, checking on the status of orders and communicating

4、to customers about them ,and actually filling the order and making it available to the customer.訂單處理是企業(yè)所具有的的一個(gè)從客戶中獲得訂單，核實(shí)訂單的狀況，就訂單情況與客戶聯(lián)系，并實(shí)際履行訂單，并使客戶可獲得訂單貨物。5、Factory and warehouse site selection is a strategic decision that affects the costs of transportation customer service and speed of response

5、.工廠和倉庫選址是影響運(yùn)輸成本、客戶服務(wù)和反應(yīng)速度的戰(zhàn)略決策，。6、Reverse logistics is involved in removal and disposal of waste materials left over from the production, distribution or packaging processes.逆向物流是涉及從生產(chǎn)，分銷或包裝過程中遺留下來的廢舊物資拆除和處置。Part II1、Customer service cost are the monies spent to support customer service, include the

6、 costs associated with order fulfillment ,parts and service support.客戶服務(wù)成本是指用來支持客戶服務(wù)的費(fèi)用，包括訂單執(zhí)行，零配件和服務(wù)支持成本。2、The cost of lost sales includes not only the lost of the current sale, but also potential future sales.銷售損失成本不僅包括現(xiàn)在的銷售損失，還包括潛在的銷售損失。3、The objective of customer service management is to minimiz

7、e the total cost , given the customer service level.客戶服務(wù)管理的目標(biāo)是在給定的客戶服務(wù)水平下，實(shí)現(xiàn)總成本最小。4、Transportation cost vary with volume of shipment weight of shipment, distance , and point of origin and destination.運(yùn)輸成本隨裝運(yùn)裝運(yùn)重量，距離，點(diǎn)的始發(fā)地和目的地的體積而變化。5、Order processing costs include such costs as order transmittal, ord

8、er entry, processing the order and related internal and external costs.訂單處理成本包括訂單傳送，訂單錄入，處理的順序和相關(guān)的內(nèi)部及外部成本等費(fèi)用。6、Lot quantity costs are purchasing-or production-related costs that vary with changes in order size or frequency.批量成本是與采購或生產(chǎn)相關(guān)的成本，隨著訂單數(shù)量及頻率而變化。Chapter 2Part I1、Supply chain management is the

9、 system of connected networks between the original suppliers and the ultimate final customer.供應(yīng)鏈管理是鏈接網(wǎng)絡(luò)的原供應(yīng)商和最終客戶之間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。2、Supply chain management is the integration of the activities that procure materials and services, transform them into intermediate goods and final products, and deliver them to

10、customers.供應(yīng)鏈管理是一體化的活動(dòng)，采購材料和服務(wù)，它們轉(zhuǎn)換為中間產(chǎn)品和最終產(chǎn)品，并提供給客戶。3、Information system will play an even more prominent role in enabling the firms total supply chain capabilities.信息系統(tǒng)使企業(yè)的總供應(yīng)鏈能力發(fā)揮更加突出的作用。4、Supply chain integration really begins with the goal of satisfying consumer demand.供應(yīng)鏈的整合，真正開始以滿足消費(fèi)者需求為目的。5、

11、The six supply chain strategies include market driven, operationally agile, freshness oriented, customer-guided, logistics optimizer, and trade focused.六大供應(yīng)鏈戰(zhàn)略包括市場(chǎng)驅(qū)動(dòng)，操作靈活，新意導(dǎo)向，客戶導(dǎo)向，物流優(yōu)化和貿(mào)易導(dǎo)向。Part II1、With the many-supplier strategy, the supplier responds to the demands and specifications of a reques

12、t for quotation, with the order usually going to the low bidder. This strategy plays one supplier against another and places the burden of meeting the buyers demands on the supplier.在多供應(yīng)商戰(zhàn)略中，各供應(yīng)商對(duì)采購方的詢價(jià)中的需求和規(guī)格做出回應(yīng)，訂單往往為報(bào)價(jià)較低者所獲得。這一戰(zhàn)略起到一個(gè)對(duì)另一供應(yīng)商，并將負(fù)擔(dān)起供應(yīng)商滿足買家的需求。2、Long-term supplier are more likely to u

13、nderstand the broad objectives of the procuring firm and end customer. Using few supplier can create value by allowing suppliers to have economies of scale that yields both lower transaction costs and lower production costs.長期供應(yīng)商更容易理解的廣泛目標(biāo)的采購公司和最終用戶。使用幾個(gè)供應(yīng)商可以通過允許供應(yīng)商有規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的交易成本降低，降低生產(chǎn)成本來創(chuàng)造價(jià)值。3、With

14、few suppliers, both buyers and supplier run the risk of becoming captives of the other. Poor supplier performance is only one risk the purchaser faces. The purchaser must also be concerned about trade secrets and suppliers that make other alliances or venture out on their own.一些供應(yīng)商，買家和供應(yīng)商都冒著成為彼此俘虜?shù)娘L(fēng)

15、險(xiǎn)。供應(yīng)商績效差只有買方面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。買方也必須關(guān)心貿(mào)易秘密和供應(yīng)商，使其他聯(lián)盟或自己冒險(xiǎn)走出去的。4、Vertical integration can take the form of forward or backward integration.垂直整合的形式可以向前或向后一體化。Chapter 3 Part I1、Consumer are accustomed to seeing trucks and trains transporting product or parked at business facilities.消費(fèi)者習(xí)慣于看到運(yùn)送產(chǎn)品的卡車和火車，或停放的商業(yè)設(shè)施。Transp

16、ortation cost results form driver labor, vehicle operation, investment equipment, and administration.運(yùn)輸成本包括駕駛員勞工費(fèi)、車輛運(yùn)營費(fèi)、設(shè)備和管理方面的投資。They offer a closed system with little risk of loss or damage to the products extremely low costs because minimal labor is involved in their operation.他們提供了一個(gè)使運(yùn)送的產(chǎn)品損失損壞風(fēng)

17、險(xiǎn)很少、產(chǎn)品成本極低，因?yàn)樽钚〉膭趧?dòng)參與其運(yùn)作。However, for firms supporting global markets , air may in fact be the most cost-effective made of transport when inventory and customer service issues are considered.然而，對(duì)于面向全球市場(chǎng)的公司來說，在估計(jì)庫存和客戶服務(wù)時(shí)，航空運(yùn)輸可能是最節(jié)省費(fèi)用的運(yùn)輸方式。Part IIIn addition, the danger of theft and pilferage is reduce

18、d.此外，被偷盜、行竊的危險(xiǎn)也降低了。These depots, called container freight stations (CFS s) are situated is in all major industrial centers inland or at the ports.這些站點(diǎn),稱為集裝箱貨運(yùn)車站(CFS s),坐落在所有主要工業(yè)中心內(nèi)陸或在港口。But general inter-modal systems are structured around the use of containers.但一般多式聯(lián)運(yùn)系統(tǒng)都圍繞著集裝箱應(yīng)用而構(gòu)建的。Containers, how

19、ever, have a restricted application in inland transport.然而，集裝箱在內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸?shù)膽?yīng)用很受限制。The advantage of containers from the shippers point of view i that freight can be loaded and the box sealed before it leaves the warehouse.從托運(yùn)人的角度看到的集裝箱的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是貨物離開倉庫前就能裝入箱內(nèi)，并將箱封好。Chapter 4Part I1、The inventory requirements of a

20、firm depend on the network structure and the desired level of customer service.一個(gè)企業(yè)的存貨需求取決于網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)和所期望的客戶服務(wù)水平。Similarly, transport vehicles break down, raw materials may suddenly be unavailable.同樣，運(yùn)輸車輛出故障，原材料可能會(huì)突然的短缺。For all of these reasons, inventory is utilized to ensure that customer needs are met

21、even when the production process itself interrupted.由于所有這些原因,庫存是用來確?？蛻舻男枨蟮玫綕M足即使在生產(chǎn)中斷的時(shí)候。4、The finished products can be shipped to field warehouses where they are mixed to fill customer order.產(chǎn)成品被運(yùn)到當(dāng)?shù)氐膫}庫，進(jìn)行組裝以完成客戶的訂單。Excessive inventories may compensate for deficiencies in basic design of a logistics

22、 network and to some degree inferior management.過多的庫存可以彌補(bǔ)物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)的基本不足和管理上的某些缺陷。Part IIThe typical measures of inventory commitment are time duration, depth, and width of commitment. 庫存管理的主要方法是持久的、深入的、廣泛的管理。A wholesaler purchases large quantities from manufacturers and sells smaller quantities to reta

23、ilers.批發(fā)商從制造商購買大量的產(chǎn)品和銷售少量給零售商。Due to the high cost of store location, retailers place prime emphasis on inventory turnover and direct product profitability.由于高昂的儲(chǔ)存成本，零售商重視庫存的周轉(zhuǎn)和直接銷售的產(chǎn)品。Faced with this width of inventory, retailers attempt to reduce risk by pressing manufacturers and wholesalers to a

24、ssume greater and greater inventory responsibility.面對(duì)這種大量的庫存，零售商試圖迫使制造商和批發(fā)商承擔(dān)更大的庫存來降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。Stock-out(shortages) can be completely avoided if orders are placed at right time.缺貨（短缺）是完全可以避免的如果訂單時(shí)間正確。In other words, the production schedule pulls components through the system in order to the manufacturing n

25、eeds.換句話說，其他生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度“拉”通過系統(tǒng)組件，以滿足制造業(yè)的需求。DRP is a more sophisticated planning approach that considers multiple distribution stages and the characteristics of each stage.配送資源計(jì)劃是一種考慮了多個(gè)配送環(huán)節(jié)及每一環(huán)節(jié)的特點(diǎn)的更加高級(jí)的計(jì)劃。Chapter 5Part I1、This requires excellent, integrated logistics systems.這需要優(yōu)秀的綜合物流系統(tǒng)。2、Decision suppor

26、t systems screen out irrelevant information use of the important data.決策支持系統(tǒng)屏蔽掉無關(guān)的信息使用的重要數(shù)據(jù)。3、Both novice and experienced managers may simply stack the report in a corner of the office, to read when they have time.新手和經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的管理人員可以簡(jiǎn)單地把報(bào)道堆在辦公室的一個(gè)角落，當(dāng)他們有時(shí)間是再去閱讀。4、By having better data available, analysts can generate more timely and accurate forecast that more closely reflect environmental realities.通過擁有更好的數(shù)據(jù)，分析人員可以更及時(shí)，更準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)，更密切地反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的環(huán)境。5、Such systems also must be integrated with other members of the supply chain , to provide accurate information throughout