1、2021年高考英語語法匯總表一、冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞(a, an),定冠詞(the),和零冠詞。特別注意名詞類別的相互轉(zhuǎn)換個(gè)體名詞與抽象名詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換抽象名詞與個(gè)體名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換二、規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式:名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es(參看有關(guān)語法書)。英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的三、代詞熟記口訣就可以順利解題:限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高,形狀年齡和新老,顏色國籍跟材料,作用類別往后靠。規(guī)則:限定語(The、A)+ 描繪性形容詞+ size(小)+ shape(形狀)+ age(年齡、時(shí)間)+ color(顏色)+ origin(國籍、來源) + material(材料)+ purpos

2、e(目的)+ 名詞。This _ girl is Lindas co usin. (05北京卷)A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish四、形容詞(短語)作伴隨狀語As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 當(dāng)他看著山羊的時(shí)候,山羊翻了個(gè)身,死了。Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困難,他們寧愿走好走的路

3、。五、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)分為原級(jí),比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est,多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more 和most。注意:1. 可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal;2. 表示“最高程度“的形容詞沒有最高級(jí)和比較級(jí)。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect,superior,junior等。六、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)七、非謂語動(dòng)詞注:現(xiàn)在分詞、不定式、過去分詞都可

4、以作獨(dú)立成分generally speaking一般說來;frankly speaking坦白地說;judging from/by.根據(jù)來判斷;considering./o consideration考慮到; to tell you the truth說實(shí)話;seeing.考慮到;supposing假設(shè),如果;providing如果;given考慮到,鑒于;provided that如果在解非謂語習(xí)題時(shí)同學(xué)們遇到最大的困難有兩個(gè):一是如何判別是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞;二是如何選用哪一種非謂語動(dòng)詞及其恰當(dāng)?shù)男问?。八、謂語與非謂語的比較非謂語動(dòng)詞是漢語中沒有的語言現(xiàn)象。漢語中幾

5、個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞連用而動(dòng)詞不用作任何形式的變化。如:他明天來拜訪你。翻譯成英語不是He will come visit you,而是He will come to visit you.這里就用了不定式to visit。因此同學(xué)們要特別注意弄清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。例:Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.A. to standB. standingC. stoodD. would stand分析:stood是與sat并列的謂語。非謂語語法功能的比較九、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣情態(tài)動(dòng)詞十、按用途分What was once regarded

6、 as impossible has now become a reality .(what 為“所的事”,相當(dāng)于“the thing that;all that;everything that”)After _ seemed a very long time ,I opened my eye and found myself in bed .(M ET93) A.what B.when C.that D.which (what 相當(dāng)于“the time that”,表示“時(shí)間”)He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now ? (what 表示“的人”,相當(dāng)于“the person that”)What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world . (what 表示“的地方”,相當(dāng)于“the place that”) Our income is now double what it was ten years ago(what 表示“的數(shù)目”,相當(dāng)于“the amount /number that”)十一、狀語從句十二、定語從句I