1、He laughs best who laughs last.(idiom)誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好A relative clause (定語從句)Lesson 3 Marco Polo Unit 8 Adventure限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句Period 3 Defining and non-defining relative clauses Comparison and summary1. Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China.2

2、. The prisoner, who is an author, took dictation while Marco told all his stories to him.讀出從句部分（形式）翻譯對號入座（作用）Which of the clauses above gives: (1) information to identify the person or object?(defining clause)(2) extra information about a person or object, which can be left out.(non-defining clause)

3、限定省略Defining clauseNon-defining clause限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式 翻譯 作用限定作用，不可省略補充說明，可以省略.的翻成并列句無逗號有逗號Practice: 1. His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.2. His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.Defining clauseNon-defining clausePractice and S

4、ummary.Marco left a deep impression on the emperor, _ asked him to serve in his court.2. Finally, they arrived in China, _ was ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor, Kublai Khan.3. The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book, _ name is The Description of the World.4.A lot of people, many of _thought t

5、hat Marcos stories were too fantastic to be true, enjoyed his book.whowhichwhosewhom5.Not long after his return, a local war broke out , _ Marco was caught by the enemy and put into prison.6.Some inventions and developments were not available in Europe, _ people paid for goods with gold or silver.7.

6、 In my view, Marcos experiences in China were quite fantastic, _ people loved reading them.where/in whichfor whichwhen/during whichAlthough people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. (文中)A lot of people, many of whom thought t

7、hat Marcos stories were too fantastic to be true, enjoyed his book.(填空練習)主句非限制性定語從句區(qū)分劃線部分非限制性定語從句先行詞物，主語先行詞物，賓語先行詞人，主語先行詞人，賓語定語.的時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語which thatwho whom whosewhenwherewhyfor which aaaaaaaa介詞+which介詞+whichWhat do the underlined words refer to?Observation and Summary.The girls were smiling so h

8、appily, which made the two pictures leave a deep impression on me.指”整件事”I took a number of pictures with my dear students, after which I hurried to pick up my daughter .介詞后指”整件事”As/Which is known to all, the uniform of Class 16 is the most fashionable one.指”整件事”,Li Min and Fan Rongrong are good frie

9、nds, as we can see from this picture.正如/就像指”整件事”,非限制性定語從句先行詞物，主語先行詞物，賓語先行詞人，主語先行詞人，賓語定語.的時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語which thatwho whom whosewhenwherewhyfor which aaaaaaaa介詞+which介詞+which指代整個或部分句子aaas正如，就像不能放介詞后不放句首Practice1. _ is often the case, the relationship between a son and his father changes over time.2. He

10、 didnt tell the truth, _ made his mother angry.AswhichA gameAs is known to all, he has a talent for business and he is a household name in China.家喻戶曉的2. He had met a variety of difficulties in his life, after which he set up the well-known company in 1999. 3. His company created a super website, where various products are sold aroundthe world.on which馬云Your own idol1.Make some sentences to describe your idol and we will guess who he/she is.2. Non-defining relative clause must be included.BeeFly(蜜蜂出行)WritingIntroduce little bees to your pen pal with non-defining relative clause.Electric bicy