1、中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化與翻譯 男， 未婚，36歲，身高1.72米，北京市某公司總經(jīng)理，大學(xué)畢業(yè)，樸實(shí)自信。當(dāng)過(guò)軍人，記者，城市有私人豪華住宅（帶泳池）及轎車。覓25歲以下，漂亮純情，中專文化的女性，憑照片簡(jiǎn)歷試緣。 女，48歲，身高1.58，有婚史，獨(dú)居，初中文化，體健貌端，氣質(zhì)高雅，在某市工作，覓60歲以下（大中城市），65歲以下（海外），身高1.65以上，開(kāi)朗大方，經(jīng)濟(jì)條件優(yōu)裕的男士為伴。 S/M, 510,165.Ibs., blonde hair, blue eyes, seeking attractive, slim lady between 28&40, who likes to go da

2、ncing and have a good time. I Enjoy 50s and 80s and country music, dancing, dining out, cookouts, sports. Great sense of humor but also a serious side. Please send photo and phone number. Thank you. S/F, 31, 56, blonde and tan! Seeking sun loving male, 26-42. Must be affectionate, honest, caring. Bu

3、t also can get wild and crazy! Interests: Romantic weekends, beaches, fishing, camping, cuddling, auto races, barbecues, flea markets. Enjoy summer activities? Pick up that pen and write! Photo and phone number. 每個(gè)民族由于自己的歷史傳統(tǒng)，地理和社會(huì)環(huán)境等，形成了自己特有的文化。 文化是一種復(fù)雜體，它包括知識(shí)，信仰，藝術(shù)，道德，法律，風(fēng)俗，以及其余社會(huì)上習(xí)得的能力與習(xí)慣-人類學(xué)家泰勒

4、文化與語(yǔ)言的關(guān)系密不可分，相輔相成。 語(yǔ)言是文化環(huán)境的產(chǎn)物，也是文化的載體。語(yǔ)言與文化的密切關(guān)系注定了翻譯與文化的密切關(guān)系。 翻譯者必須是一個(gè)真正意義的文化人。 -王佐良 如同在做心臟手術(shù)時(shí)人們不能忽略心臟以外的身體其他部分一樣，我們?cè)诜g時(shí)也不能冒險(xiǎn)將翻譯的言語(yǔ)內(nèi)容和文化分開(kāi)來(lái)處理。 -英國(guó)翻譯理論家Susan Bassnett 巧媳婦做不出沒(méi)米的飯，叫我怎么樣呢？ Y: “Even the cleverest housewife cant cook a meal without rice. What do you expect me to do?” H: “I dont see what

5、I am supposed to do without any capital. Even the cleverest housewife cant make bread without flour.” 除了我這間房,大院里還有二十多間呢.一共住著多少家子,誰(shuí)說(shuō)得清?住兩間房的就不多,又搭上今兒個(gè)搬來(lái),明兒個(gè)又搬走.我沒(méi)那么好的記性.大家見(jiàn)面,招呼聲”吃了嗎?”透著和氣. Besides the room we occupy there are twenty more rooms in the same compound. How many families live there, only

6、God knows. Those who occupy two rooms are very few. Besides, they are always on the go (moving in today and moving out tomorrow). I havent got such a good memory as to remember all that. When people meet, they greet with each other with a Hi, just to show their good neighborly feelings. 謀事在人，成事在天。 Y

7、：Man proposes, Heaven disposes. H: Man proposes, God disposes. 周瑞家的聽(tīng)了笑道：“阿彌陀佛，真坑死人的事兒！等十年都未必這樣巧的呢。” Y：Gracious Buddha!” Mrs. Zhou chuckled. “How terrible chancy! You might wait for ten years without such a run of luck.” H: “God bless my soul!” Zhou Ruis wife exclaimed. “You would certainly need some

8、 patience! Why, you might wait ten years before getting all those things at the proper times.” 諺語(yǔ)典故更是集中地反映了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，可以說(shuō)是傳統(tǒng)文化的結(jié)晶。 她有沉魚落雁之容，閉月羞花之貌。 Her beauty would make the fish sink, the wild goose fall down, the moon hide herself, and put the flowers to shame. 寶玉忙道：“只是這姑娘可好，你們大爺怎么就中意了？”香菱笑道：“一則是天緣，二來(lái)

9、是情人眼里出西施。 Whats the girl like? How did he come to take a fancy to her? Its partly fate, and partly a case of “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.” “難道這也是個(gè)癡丫頭，又像顰兒來(lái)葬花不成？” 因又自笑道：“若真也葬花，可謂東施效顰；不但不為新奇，而且更是可厭?！?H: “Can this be some silly maid coming here to bury flowers like Frowner?” he wondered. He w

10、as reminded of Zhuang-zis story of the beautiful Xi-shis ugly neighbour, whose endeavours to imitate the little frown that made Xi-shi captivating produced an aspect so hideous that people ran from her in terror. The recollection of it made him smile. “This is imitating the Frowner with a vengeance,

11、” he thought, “-if that is really what she is doing. not merely unoriginal, but downright disgusting!” 文化的差異給翻譯帶來(lái)的困難主要表現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面： 詞匯空缺 詞義沖突 聯(lián)想意義不同 錢先生周歲時(shí)“抓周”，抓了一本書，因此得名“鐘書”。 When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all t

12、hings. Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu(=book lover). 等我性子上來(lái)，把這醋罐子打個(gè)稀爛，他才認(rèn)的我呢！ Y: “One of these days when I really lose my temper, Im going to give that vinegary bitch a good beating to show her whos master here.” H: One of these days when I get my temper up I m going to

13、lay into that jealous bitch and break every bone in her body. Then perhaps shell know whos master round here. 人家是醋罐子，他是醋缸，醋甕！ Y: If other women are jealous, shes a hundred times. H: They call jealous people “vinegar bottles”, dont they? Well, shes not just a bottle full of vinegar; shes a storage ja

14、r - a whole cistern - full of it! “這斷子絕孫的阿Q！”遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地聽(tīng)到小尼姑的帶哭的聲音。 “Ah Q, may you die sonless!” sounded the little nuns voice tearfully in the distance.(- a curse intolerable to hear in China) 一見(jiàn)面是寒暄，寒暄之后說(shuō)我“胖了”，說(shuō)我“胖了”之后即大罵其新黨。（魯迅祝福） When we met, after exchanging a few polite remarks, he said I was fatter,

15、 and after saying that he immediately started a violent attack on the revolutionaries. After exchanging a few polite remarks when we met, he observed that I looked fat, and having made that complimentary remark he started a violent attack on the revolutionaries. 四種主要的翻譯方法 直譯法-直譯可以在一定程度上保留原文的文化特色與語(yǔ)言色

16、彩，但前提條件是譯文必須為譯語(yǔ)讀者所理解與接受-通順（易解）。 奈達(dá)：最好的翻譯應(yīng)該讀起來(lái)不像翻譯。 又要馬兒好，又要馬兒不吃草。 You want the horse to run fast and you dont let it graze. 套用法 在保留原有意義的前提下，套用或借用譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式來(lái)代替原語(yǔ)的表達(dá)。 寶玉忙道：“只是這姑娘可好，你們大爺怎么就中意了？”香菱笑道：“一則是天緣，二來(lái)是情人眼里出西施。 Whats the girl like? How did he come to take a fancy to her? Its partly fate, and partly a case of “Beauty is in the eye of the behol