1、英語和漢語 像？不像？請(qǐng)翻譯：1.我愛你。 I love you.2.我在心中愛你。 I love you in my heart.第1頁英語和漢語 像？不像？請(qǐng)翻譯：1.我是個(gè)學(xué)生。 I am a student.2.我是個(gè)高二學(xué)生。 I am a student in Senior two.第2頁英語語法入門級(jí)規(guī)律主干部分：漢語和英語基本一致英語中有若干固定句型（如強(qiáng)調(diào)句/ it 做形式主語等句型）修飾成份：漢語多“前修”，而英語較短修飾成份放在被修飾詞前面較長(zhǎng)修飾成份放在被修飾詞后面第3頁把握英語句子，關(guān)鍵在于把握“較長(zhǎng)修飾成份”1.介詞短語2.從句3.非謂語動(dòng)詞英語中三種較長(zhǎng)修飾成份第

2、4頁介詞短語定義：從介詞開始到名詞結(jié)束，表示一個(gè)獨(dú)立完整含義結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：從介詞開始到名詞結(jié)束at home; in the schoolbeyond my wildest imaginationduring my happy childhoodover the last few years第5頁介詞短語例句：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.第6頁介詞短語例句：(After chatting) (wit

3、h Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).第7頁從句定義：由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+賓語，引導(dǎo)詞：that/ who/ whom/ why/ when/ where/ which/ how/ if/ although 第8頁從句【起始標(biāo)識(shí)】從句一定從引導(dǎo)詞開始（有時(shí)可省略），但有以下四種終止標(biāo)識(shí)：1.到句尾終止：Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English).2.

4、到逗號(hào)終止：(When I was young), I listened to the radio.第9頁從句【起始標(biāo)識(shí)】從句一定從引導(dǎo)詞開始（有時(shí)可省略），但有以下四種終止標(biāo)識(shí)：3.到下一修飾成份終止：I will invite Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) to Beijing.4.到下一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞終止：Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) is studying in Shanghai.第10頁非謂語動(dòng)詞定義：非謂語動(dòng)詞是指動(dòng)詞在句子中“不是謂語”時(shí)幾個(gè)改變形式，即動(dòng)詞非謂語形式，主要

5、包含動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞/ 過去分詞）由非謂語開頭、表示一個(gè)獨(dú)立完整含義結(jié)構(gòu)叫做非謂語動(dòng)詞短結(jié)構(gòu)：非謂語動(dòng)詞+名詞+副詞第11頁非謂語動(dòng)詞【起始標(biāo)識(shí)】非謂語動(dòng)詞一定從動(dòng)詞不定式(to do)；動(dòng)名詞(doing)；分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞doing/ 過去分詞done)開始，一樣有四種終止標(biāo)識(shí)：1.到句尾終止：Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English).2.到句中逗號(hào)終止：(To improve my English), I often chat with foreigners.第12頁非謂語動(dòng)詞【起始標(biāo)識(shí)】非謂語動(dòng)詞一定從動(dòng)詞不定式(to do)；動(dòng)名詞

6、(doing)；分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞doing/ 過去分詞done)開始，一樣有四種終止標(biāo)識(shí)：3.到下一修飾成份終止：Jack walked in, (waving confidently) (to the audience).4.到下一謂語動(dòng)詞終止：The house (made of wood) was built (to shelter the refugees).第13頁(完型)He worked harder and ran longer than any of the others perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to c

7、ome _ to so many others did not come naturally to him.A. strangely B. naturally C. surprisinglyD. excitely 第14頁When , he explained that he had spent all his money he accidently got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home. When , he explained that he had spent all his money _ he accidently got o

8、n a wrong bus and now was trying to go home. 第15頁The man looking at his smart-phone while walking across the railway crossing in Nanjing _(have) a close knock on Oct. 2.Possibilities you never knew are waiting for you.第16頁_ is responsible for the rapid reduction of frogs is that farmers use insectci

9、des(殺蟲劑) to kill pests and frogs get killed as a result of drinking poisoned water._ cause responsible for the rapid reduction of frogs is that farmers use insectcides to kill pests and frogs get killed as a result of drinking poison water.第17頁怎樣讀懂英語長(zhǎng)難句？讀懂英語長(zhǎng)難句關(guān)鍵在于：識(shí)破句子中介短、從句、非謂語從句 v.s. 非謂語This is a

10、 tiger (which is running fast) (to the forest).This is a tiger (which is chased) (by a hunter).Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English).teaching第18頁例句1：Li Hui is a teacher teaching English in Beijing which is the capital of China.第19頁例句2：（北京卷長(zhǎng)難句）They will be able to clear away the mystery of mathma

11、tics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.注意：“and”是造成閱讀了解句子變難主要原因。（平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)）比較狀語從句第20頁例句3：（新課標(biāo)長(zhǎng)難句）The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表) are an exception to a general rules that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are one of the things we

12、overlearn in the childhood. that第21頁句子規(guī)律主干成份修飾成份基本句型漢英語序一致另外還有若干高級(jí)句型漢語中，修飾成份位于中心詞之前英語中，較短修飾成份位于中心詞之前，較長(zhǎng)修飾成份位于中心詞之后主謂賓主系表注：漢語中系動(dòng)詞常省略，如“我（感覺）熱”注：there be 句型； it + be + adj. + for sb to do sth；強(qiáng)調(diào)句； 倒裝句； 祈使句； 感嘆句等哪些短哪些長(zhǎng)形容詞副詞介詞短語從句非謂語動(dòng)詞第22頁關(guān)于“平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)”定義：由“并列詞”and/ or/ but/ as well as/ not only but also/ b

13、oth and/ either or / neither nor 等，“含義相同、結(jié)構(gòu)相同”并列項(xiàng)連接起來組成結(jié)構(gòu)。簡(jiǎn)記為“A and B”或“A, B and C”第23頁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上，只要“含義相同，結(jié)構(gòu)相同”東西都能并列。讀句子時(shí)要注意意識(shí)到是誰和誰并列。形容詞并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgeable English teacher.動(dòng)詞并列：With the Internet, people can not only play computer games but also do online shopping.副詞并列：You ar

14、e supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.第24頁介短并列：And that government (of the people), (by the people) and (for the people) shall not perish (from the earth).從句并列：Ive finished reading the book which was written by Mo Yan and which you lent me last month.非謂語動(dòng)詞并列：Singing and

15、 laughing, we headed to the park.整句并列：The children can go with us or they can stay at home. 第25頁句子規(guī)律主干成份修飾成份基本句型漢英語序一致另外還有若干高級(jí)句型漢語中，修飾成份位于中心詞之前英語中，較短修飾成份位于中心詞之前，較長(zhǎng)修飾成份位于中心詞之后主謂賓主系表注：漢語中系動(dòng)詞常省略，如“我（感覺）熱”注：there be 句型； it + be + adj. + for sb to do sth；強(qiáng)調(diào)句； 倒裝句； 祈使句； 感嘆句等哪些短哪些長(zhǎng)形容詞副詞介詞短語從句非謂語動(dòng)詞第26頁三個(gè)步驟讀

16、懂長(zhǎng)難句Step 1【預(yù)處理】：給“三長(zhǎng)”加括號(hào)，給“并列詞”(and, or, but, as well as等)加方框，給“并列項(xiàng)”(A and B )加三角注1：先找B，后找AA與B結(jié)構(gòu)相同、含義相同I like the box you promised to give me and the flower (in your hand).第27頁例句6：（江蘇卷難句）The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally

17、 grown food.語法填空1：I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _(sit) at the front. He _(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.sittingwas pretending第28頁語法填空2：Our modern life is changing our eating habits. We _ (spend) too much time in front of TV or co

18、mputers and becoming “couch potatoes” or “mouse potatoes”.are spending第29頁三個(gè)步驟讀懂長(zhǎng)難句Step 1【預(yù)處理】：給“三長(zhǎng)”加括號(hào)，給“并列詞”(and, or, but, as well as等)加方框，給“并列項(xiàng)”(A and B )加三角注2：一旦出現(xiàn)下一修飾成份，就果斷將上一修飾成份結(jié)束掉，不論上一修飾成份本身結(jié)束了沒有。The number of calories we need _ (vary) depending on what kind of body we have (are we short, ta

19、ll, heavy etc.) and _ active we are.第30頁三個(gè)步驟讀懂長(zhǎng)難句Step 2【做直譯】：一個(gè)括號(hào)一個(gè)括號(hào)地翻譯Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of China).李輝是老師 教英語 在北京 它是首都 中國注3：英語是一門“掛鉤”語言，每個(gè)括號(hào)里第一個(gè)單詞，都稱為掛鉤單詞，能夠經(jīng)過利用每個(gè)掛鉤提問和回答下列問題，將一個(gè)個(gè)括號(hào)連接起來。第31頁例句2：（北京卷長(zhǎng)難句）They will be able to clear away the myst

20、ery of mathmatics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.of with to than 第32頁例句3：（新課標(biāo)長(zhǎng)難句）The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表) are an exception to a general rules that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are one of the things that we over

21、learn in the childhood. to that that in because of that in 第33頁三個(gè)步驟讀懂長(zhǎng)難句Step 3【調(diào)語序】：后修變前修，增刪個(gè)別詞Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of China).李輝是老師 教英語 在北京 它是首都 中國李輝是一名老師，他在中國首都北京教英語。第34頁例句5：（山東卷難句）Hello. Its one of the first words we learnt as babies; its one

22、of the last words we think to use as adults. Thats unfortunately, because saying hello is more than just saying hello; its recognition of anothers worth.第35頁例句7：（山東卷難句）If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the ti

23、me when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go.第36頁例句8：（新課標(biāo)卷難句）Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as child but have never practiced ever since.第37頁背單詞/ 短語/ 句型是為了讀懂句子讀懂句子是為了讀懂段落讀懂段落是為了讀懂文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主題第38頁段落秘密看懂文章做對(duì)題 句子段落 = + 邏輯T: Topic sentence主題

24、句E: Explanation解釋句E: Example 舉例子C: Conclusion總結(jié)句邏輯連詞；邏輯副詞代詞第39頁【新課標(biāo)全國卷 D】Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets

25、 back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins Twinkle, twinkle, little star or remember the story of Cinderella

26、or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.A manA motherHeHeGrown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.第40頁One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional

27、 learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as Twinkle, twinkle, little star a

28、nd childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.weOne explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as followsweweweWeWeWe not only learn but overlearn.第41頁The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather q

29、uickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for ones future development.The multiplication tablesThe law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an